UK SQE1 FUNCTIONING LEGAL KNOWLEDGE (FLK)
MASTER SUMMARY | 2026/2027 EDITION | CORE BUSINESS,
DISPUTE & TORT LAW CASE BRIEFS - GRADED A+
220 Questions with Answers and Detailed Rationales
100 PERCENT GUARANTEED PASS
INSTANT DOWNLOAD ANSWERS INCLUDED
IMPORTANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT
This comprehensive examination preparation guide has been meticulously developed to help you succeed in the
UK SQE1 FUNCTIONING LEGAL KNOWLEDGE (FLK) MASTER SUMMARY | 2026/2027 EDITION | CORE
BUSINESS, DISPUTE & TORT LAW CASE BRIEFS - GRADED A+. It contains 220 carefully selected questions
that reflect the most current exam content and testing strategies. Each question is accompanied by a correct
answer and a detailed rationale that explains the underlying pathophysiology, pharmacology, or clinical reasoning.
Self-Assessment – Test your knowledge and Exam Preparation – Familiarize yourself with the
identify areas requiring further question format and content
study areas
Concept Reinforcement – Deepen your Confidence Building – Develop test-taking
understanding through strategies and reduce
evidence-based exam anxiety
rationales
Time Management – Practice answering
questions under simulated
exam conditions
Review Summary 220 Questions
Foundations - Application - UK SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge FLK Master Summary 2026/2027
Edition CORE Business Dispute & TORT LAW CASE Briefs A UK SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge FLK
CORE Business Dispute & TORT LAW Graduate / Professional SQE1 FLK
All answers with rationales
,Table of Contents
Content Area Questions Key Topics
UK SQE1 Functioning Legal 1-37 Contract, Negligence, Clause, Claim, Court
Knowledge FLK Master
Summary 2026/2027 Edition
CORE Business Dispute &
TORT LAW CASE Briefs A
UK SQE1 Functioning Legal
Knowledge FLK CORE
Business Dispute & TORT
LAW Graduate / Professional
SQE1 FLK
Claim 38-74 Contract, Claimant, Breach, Goods, Partner
Negligence 75-111 Contract, Claim, Company, Director, Defendant
Breach 112-148 Contract, Claim, Describes, Statements, Legal
Defendant 149-185 Claim, Clause, Seeks, Negligence, Contract
Seeks 186-220 Breach, Contract, Claim, Defendant, Company S
TOTAL 220 All questions include answers and detailed rationales
,Section A - UK SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge FLK
Master Summary 2026/2027 Edition CORE Business Dispute
& TORT LAW CASE Briefs A UK SQE1 Functioning Legal
Knowledge FLK CORE Business Dispute & TORT LAW
Graduate / Professional SQE1 FLK
Q1.
In a contract dispute, a party seeks to rely on a written clause that appears to exclude
liability for negligence. The clause was only brought to the other party's attention after the
contract was signed. Under UK law, which principle most directly governs the clause's
validity?
A. The rule in L'Estrange v Graucob requires B. The court will apply the contra
signature to be conclusive, so the clause is proferentem rule, but it will not invalidate the
binding regardless. clause solely due to lack of notice.
C. The clause is invalid because it was not D. The clause is valid only if it passes the
incorporated by reasonable notice at the reasonableness test under the Unfair
time of contracting. Contract Terms Act 1977.
Correct: C - The clause is invalid because it was not incorporated by reasonable notice at
the time of contracting.
Rationale:For a term to be incorporated into a contract, it must be brought to the other party's
attention before or at the time of contracting. Here, the clause was presented after signature,
so it was not incorporated. Signature is not conclusive if the document was not intended to be
a contractual document, but here the issue is timing. Contra proferentem applies to
interpretation, not incorporation. UCTA 1977 applies to exclusion clauses, but only if the
clause is first incorporated.
Q2.
A company's constitution includes an objects clause that restricts its activities to
technology development. The directors, without shareholder approval, enter a contract to
purchase a chain of restaurants. Which statement best reflects the legal position under UK
company law?
A. The contract is void because the B. The contract is valid because the objects
company lacked capacity to act beyond its clause is deemed to be unrestricted under
objects clause. the Companies Act 2006.
C. The contract is voidable at the option of D. The contract is binding on the company,
the company because the directors but the directors may be liable for breach of
exceeded their authority. duty.
Correct: D - The contract is binding on the company, but the directors may be liable for
Page 3
, Section A - UK SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge FLK Master Summary 2026/2027 Edition CORE Business Dispute & TORT LAW CASE
Briefs A UK SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge FLK CORE Business Dispute & TORT LAW Graduate / Professional SQE1 FLK
breach of duty.
Rationale:Under the Companies Act 2006, s.31, a company's constitution is deemed to have
unrestricted objects unless specifically restricted, and s.39 abolishes the doctrine of ultra vires
in relation to third parties. Therefore, the contract is valid and binding. However, the directors'
action may constitute a breach of their duty to act within the company's constitution, exposing
them to liability.
Q3.
A claimant brings a negligence claim for psychiatric harm. The claimant was a rescuer
who attended the scene of an accident caused by the defendant's negligence. The
claimant did not suffer physical injury but developed PTSD. Which principle is most
relevant to establishing a duty of care?
A. The claimant must show that they were B. The claimant must have a close tie of
within the area of physical danger. love and affection with a primary victim.
C. The claimant must show that psychiatric D. The claimant must prove that the
injury was reasonably foreseeable and that defendant assumed responsibility for their
they are a rescuer. psychiatric well-being.
Correct: C - The claimant must show that psychiatric injury was reasonably foreseeable
and that they are a rescuer.
Rationale:Rescuers are a recognized category of secondary victims who may claim for
psychiatric harm if they satisfy the Alcock control mechanisms, but they are not required to
show a close tie of love and affection. The key is reasonable foreseeability of psychiatric
injury and the claimant's role as a rescuer. Physical proximity is not necessary if the rescuer
attends the immediate aftermath. Assumption of responsibility is more relevant to pure
economic loss.
Q4.
In a commercial lease, the tenant fails to pay rent for six months. The landlord wishes to
forfeit the lease. Which remedy is most appropriate and what procedural step is required?
A. The landlord may peaceably re-enter B. The landlord must obtain a court order for
without notice if the lease contains a possession and cannot use self-help.
forfeiture clause.
C. The landlord may serve a notice under D. The landlord may immediately issue a
s.146 Law of Property Act 1925, then claim for forfeiture without prior notice.
re-enter peaceably or issue proceedings.
Correct: C - The landlord may serve a notice under s.146 Law of Property Act 1925, then
re-enter peaceably or issue proceedings.
Page 4
MASTER SUMMARY | 2026/2027 EDITION | CORE BUSINESS,
DISPUTE & TORT LAW CASE BRIEFS - GRADED A+
220 Questions with Answers and Detailed Rationales
100 PERCENT GUARANTEED PASS
INSTANT DOWNLOAD ANSWERS INCLUDED
IMPORTANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT
This comprehensive examination preparation guide has been meticulously developed to help you succeed in the
UK SQE1 FUNCTIONING LEGAL KNOWLEDGE (FLK) MASTER SUMMARY | 2026/2027 EDITION | CORE
BUSINESS, DISPUTE & TORT LAW CASE BRIEFS - GRADED A+. It contains 220 carefully selected questions
that reflect the most current exam content and testing strategies. Each question is accompanied by a correct
answer and a detailed rationale that explains the underlying pathophysiology, pharmacology, or clinical reasoning.
Self-Assessment – Test your knowledge and Exam Preparation – Familiarize yourself with the
identify areas requiring further question format and content
study areas
Concept Reinforcement – Deepen your Confidence Building – Develop test-taking
understanding through strategies and reduce
evidence-based exam anxiety
rationales
Time Management – Practice answering
questions under simulated
exam conditions
Review Summary 220 Questions
Foundations - Application - UK SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge FLK Master Summary 2026/2027
Edition CORE Business Dispute & TORT LAW CASE Briefs A UK SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge FLK
CORE Business Dispute & TORT LAW Graduate / Professional SQE1 FLK
All answers with rationales
,Table of Contents
Content Area Questions Key Topics
UK SQE1 Functioning Legal 1-37 Contract, Negligence, Clause, Claim, Court
Knowledge FLK Master
Summary 2026/2027 Edition
CORE Business Dispute &
TORT LAW CASE Briefs A
UK SQE1 Functioning Legal
Knowledge FLK CORE
Business Dispute & TORT
LAW Graduate / Professional
SQE1 FLK
Claim 38-74 Contract, Claimant, Breach, Goods, Partner
Negligence 75-111 Contract, Claim, Company, Director, Defendant
Breach 112-148 Contract, Claim, Describes, Statements, Legal
Defendant 149-185 Claim, Clause, Seeks, Negligence, Contract
Seeks 186-220 Breach, Contract, Claim, Defendant, Company S
TOTAL 220 All questions include answers and detailed rationales
,Section A - UK SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge FLK
Master Summary 2026/2027 Edition CORE Business Dispute
& TORT LAW CASE Briefs A UK SQE1 Functioning Legal
Knowledge FLK CORE Business Dispute & TORT LAW
Graduate / Professional SQE1 FLK
Q1.
In a contract dispute, a party seeks to rely on a written clause that appears to exclude
liability for negligence. The clause was only brought to the other party's attention after the
contract was signed. Under UK law, which principle most directly governs the clause's
validity?
A. The rule in L'Estrange v Graucob requires B. The court will apply the contra
signature to be conclusive, so the clause is proferentem rule, but it will not invalidate the
binding regardless. clause solely due to lack of notice.
C. The clause is invalid because it was not D. The clause is valid only if it passes the
incorporated by reasonable notice at the reasonableness test under the Unfair
time of contracting. Contract Terms Act 1977.
Correct: C - The clause is invalid because it was not incorporated by reasonable notice at
the time of contracting.
Rationale:For a term to be incorporated into a contract, it must be brought to the other party's
attention before or at the time of contracting. Here, the clause was presented after signature,
so it was not incorporated. Signature is not conclusive if the document was not intended to be
a contractual document, but here the issue is timing. Contra proferentem applies to
interpretation, not incorporation. UCTA 1977 applies to exclusion clauses, but only if the
clause is first incorporated.
Q2.
A company's constitution includes an objects clause that restricts its activities to
technology development. The directors, without shareholder approval, enter a contract to
purchase a chain of restaurants. Which statement best reflects the legal position under UK
company law?
A. The contract is void because the B. The contract is valid because the objects
company lacked capacity to act beyond its clause is deemed to be unrestricted under
objects clause. the Companies Act 2006.
C. The contract is voidable at the option of D. The contract is binding on the company,
the company because the directors but the directors may be liable for breach of
exceeded their authority. duty.
Correct: D - The contract is binding on the company, but the directors may be liable for
Page 3
, Section A - UK SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge FLK Master Summary 2026/2027 Edition CORE Business Dispute & TORT LAW CASE
Briefs A UK SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge FLK CORE Business Dispute & TORT LAW Graduate / Professional SQE1 FLK
breach of duty.
Rationale:Under the Companies Act 2006, s.31, a company's constitution is deemed to have
unrestricted objects unless specifically restricted, and s.39 abolishes the doctrine of ultra vires
in relation to third parties. Therefore, the contract is valid and binding. However, the directors'
action may constitute a breach of their duty to act within the company's constitution, exposing
them to liability.
Q3.
A claimant brings a negligence claim for psychiatric harm. The claimant was a rescuer
who attended the scene of an accident caused by the defendant's negligence. The
claimant did not suffer physical injury but developed PTSD. Which principle is most
relevant to establishing a duty of care?
A. The claimant must show that they were B. The claimant must have a close tie of
within the area of physical danger. love and affection with a primary victim.
C. The claimant must show that psychiatric D. The claimant must prove that the
injury was reasonably foreseeable and that defendant assumed responsibility for their
they are a rescuer. psychiatric well-being.
Correct: C - The claimant must show that psychiatric injury was reasonably foreseeable
and that they are a rescuer.
Rationale:Rescuers are a recognized category of secondary victims who may claim for
psychiatric harm if they satisfy the Alcock control mechanisms, but they are not required to
show a close tie of love and affection. The key is reasonable foreseeability of psychiatric
injury and the claimant's role as a rescuer. Physical proximity is not necessary if the rescuer
attends the immediate aftermath. Assumption of responsibility is more relevant to pure
economic loss.
Q4.
In a commercial lease, the tenant fails to pay rent for six months. The landlord wishes to
forfeit the lease. Which remedy is most appropriate and what procedural step is required?
A. The landlord may peaceably re-enter B. The landlord must obtain a court order for
without notice if the lease contains a possession and cannot use self-help.
forfeiture clause.
C. The landlord may serve a notice under D. The landlord may immediately issue a
s.146 Law of Property Act 1925, then claim for forfeiture without prior notice.
re-enter peaceably or issue proceedings.
Correct: C - The landlord may serve a notice under s.146 Law of Property Act 1925, then
re-enter peaceably or issue proceedings.
Page 4
