2026/2027 Edition | Verified Answers with Detailed Rationales
INTRODUCTION
The Rasmussen University NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Exam 2 covers gastrointestinal, renal
and urinary, endocrine, neurological, and musculoskeletal disorders, plus foundational
concepts like cellular injury, inflammation, and immune responses . This comprehensive
practice bank contains 150 exam-style questions with verified answers and detailed
rationales .
Exam Topics Covered
SECTION 1: CELLULAR INJURY, INFLAMMATION & IMMUNITY
(Questions 1-20)
Question 1: Which assessment finding indicates an alteration in homeostatic control
mechanisms?
A) Bradycardia
B) Fever
C) Hypertension
D) Tachypnea
Correct Answer: B
,Rationale: Fever indicates a change in the body's homeostatic set point, triggered by
pyrogens acting on the hypothalamus . Bradycardia, hypertension, and tachypnea can be
physiologic responses but do not directly indicate a resetting of homeostatic mechanisms.
Key Concept: Fever = alteration in hypothalamic set point.
Difficulty: Easy
Question 2: Injury that occurs when blood flow is diminished to tissue is called:
A) Hypoxic injury
B) Ischemic injury
C) Necrotic injury
D) Apoptotic injury
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ischemic injury specifically refers to tissue damage
caused by reduced or interrupted blood flow (ischemia),
leading to decreased oxygen and nutrient delivery . Hypoxic
injury refers to low oxygen alone without reduced blood flow.
Key Concept: Ischemia = reduced blood flow; hypoxia = low oxygen.
Difficulty: Easy
, Question 3: During acute inflammation, which cell arrives early in great numbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Monocytes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neutrophils are the first leukocytes to arrive at the site of acute inflammation,
typically within 6-24 hours. They are the primary phagocytes in early inflammatory responses .
Macrophages arrive later and are involved in chronic inflammation.
Key Concept: Neutrophils = early acute inflammation.
Difficulty: Easy
Question 4: Which type of cell adaptation is characterized by an increase in cell size?
A) Hyperplasia
B) Hypertrophy
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertrophy is an increase in individual cell size,
often in response to increased workload. Hyperplasia is