NUR 155 NURSING FOUNDATIONS
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM (EXAMS 2, 3 &
4) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a confirmed diagnosis of Tuberculosis (TB). Which type
of isolation precautions must be implemented?
A. Contact Precautions
B. Airborne Precautions
C. Droplet Precautions
D. Protective Environment
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Tuberculosis is transmitted through small droplets that remain
suspended in the air, requiring Airborne Precautions, including a private negative-pressure
room and N95 respirator use.
2. When performing a physical assessment on a patient’s abdomen, in which order should the
nurse perform the assessment techniques?
A. Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation
B. Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation, Inspection
,C. Auscultation, Inspection, Palpation, Percussion
D. Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: In abdominal assessment, auscultation follows inspection to
ensure that bowel sounds are not altered by the physical manipulation of percussion or
palpation.
3. A nurse is teaching a student about the ethical principle of ‘Nonmaleficence.’ Which action
best illustrates this principle?
A. Checking the temperature of bath water before helping a patient into the tub.
B. Ensuring the patient has signed the informed consent form.
C. Providing the patient with their requested pain medication on time.
D. Discussing the patient’s prognosis with the family as requested by the patient.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Nonmaleficence means ‘do no harm.’ Checking the water
temperature prevents accidental burns, thereby avoiding harm to the patient.
4. Which of the following describes a nurse’s legal liability if they perform a procedure on a
competent patient who has explicitly refused it?
A. Assault
B. Libel
, C. Battery
D. Slander
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Battery is the intentional and unauthorized physical contact
with a person without their consent. Assault is the threat of touch.
5. While assessing a patient with fluid volume deficit, which finding should the nurse expect?
A. Bradycardia and hypertension
B. Distended neck veins and crackles in the lungs
C. Increased skin turgor and decreased heart rate
D. Tachycardia and orthostatic hypotension
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Fluid volume deficit (dehydration) leads to a compensatory
increase in heart rate (tachycardia) and a drop in blood pressure when changing positions
(orthostatic hypotension).
6. A patient’s laboratory results show a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which clinical
manifestation is a priority for the nurse to monitor?
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds
B. Cardiac dysrhythmias
C. Increased muscle strength
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM (EXAMS 2, 3 &
4) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a confirmed diagnosis of Tuberculosis (TB). Which type
of isolation precautions must be implemented?
A. Contact Precautions
B. Airborne Precautions
C. Droplet Precautions
D. Protective Environment
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Tuberculosis is transmitted through small droplets that remain
suspended in the air, requiring Airborne Precautions, including a private negative-pressure
room and N95 respirator use.
2. When performing a physical assessment on a patient’s abdomen, in which order should the
nurse perform the assessment techniques?
A. Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation
B. Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation, Inspection
,C. Auscultation, Inspection, Palpation, Percussion
D. Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: In abdominal assessment, auscultation follows inspection to
ensure that bowel sounds are not altered by the physical manipulation of percussion or
palpation.
3. A nurse is teaching a student about the ethical principle of ‘Nonmaleficence.’ Which action
best illustrates this principle?
A. Checking the temperature of bath water before helping a patient into the tub.
B. Ensuring the patient has signed the informed consent form.
C. Providing the patient with their requested pain medication on time.
D. Discussing the patient’s prognosis with the family as requested by the patient.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Nonmaleficence means ‘do no harm.’ Checking the water
temperature prevents accidental burns, thereby avoiding harm to the patient.
4. Which of the following describes a nurse’s legal liability if they perform a procedure on a
competent patient who has explicitly refused it?
A. Assault
B. Libel
, C. Battery
D. Slander
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Battery is the intentional and unauthorized physical contact
with a person without their consent. Assault is the threat of touch.
5. While assessing a patient with fluid volume deficit, which finding should the nurse expect?
A. Bradycardia and hypertension
B. Distended neck veins and crackles in the lungs
C. Increased skin turgor and decreased heart rate
D. Tachycardia and orthostatic hypotension
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Fluid volume deficit (dehydration) leads to a compensatory
increase in heart rate (tachycardia) and a drop in blood pressure when changing positions
(orthostatic hypotension).
6. A patient’s laboratory results show a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which clinical
manifestation is a priority for the nurse to monitor?
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds
B. Cardiac dysrhythmias
C. Increased muscle strength
