NU 131 NURSING AND HEALTH CARE EXAM – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES | DOWNLOAD
AND PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE 2026/2027
Core Domains
- Foundations of Nursing Practice
- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
- Ethical and Legal Issues in Healthcare
- Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Basics
- Patient Safety and Quality Improvement
- Therapeutic Communication and Patient Education
- Healthcare Systems and Policy
- Evidence-Based Practice and Research
Introduction
This comprehensive examination is designed to evaluate the essential knowledge
and clinical reasoning skills required for competent nursing practice. The
assessment covers foundational nursing theories, principles of health promotion,
ethical and legal standards, and practical application in diverse healthcare settings.
Through a combination of multiple-choice and scenario-based questions,
candidates will demonstrate their ability to apply critical thinking to real-world
patient care situations, prioritize interventions, and make sound clinical decisions.
Emphasis is placed on the integration of evidence-based practice, patient safety, and
effective communication to prepare nursing professionals for the challenges of
modern healthcare.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–50
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial intervention to
,promote self-management?
A. Provide a list of foods to avoid indefinitely.
B. Refer the patient to a diabetes educator for comprehensive teaching.
C. Schedule a follow-up appointment in six months.
D. Prescribe a strict 1200-calorie diet without flexibility.
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Refer the patient to a diabetes educator for comprehensive
teaching.
🔴 Explanation: Diabetes education empowers patients with the knowledge and
skills necessary for self-management, including blood glucose monitoring,
medication adherence, and lifestyle modifications, which is the foundational step
in managing Type 2 Diabetes.
2. A nurse is assessing a patient's pain using the PQRST mnemonic. What does
the "R" stand for in this assessment?
A. Radiates
B. Rate
C. Relief
D. Region
🟢 Correct Answer: A. Radiates
🔴 Explanation: In the PQRST mnemonic, "R" stands for Radiates, which inquires
about where the pain radiates to and from the primary site, crucial for accurate
pain assessment.
3. A healthcare team is implementing a new electronic health record (EHR)
system. Which of the following is the primary ethical principle guiding the
protection of patient information?
,A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy
D. Confidentiality
🟢 Correct Answer: D. Confidentiality
🔴 Explanation: The principle of confidentiality requires healthcare providers to
protect patient information from unauthorized disclosure, a key requirement
under HIPAA and professional ethics.
4. A patient is prescribed a medication that has a narrow therapeutic index. The
nurse should prioritize monitoring which of the following?
A. The patient's temperature
B. Serum drug levels
C. The patient's dietary intake
D. The patient's mobility status
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Serum drug levels
🔴 Explanation: For medications with a narrow therapeutic index, small variations
in dosage or serum levels can lead to toxicity or therapeutic failure, requiring
frequent monitoring of serum drug levels to ensure safety and efficacy.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection. Which of the
following is the most appropriate site for a thin, elderly patient?
A. Deltoid muscle
B. Ventrogluteal site
C. Abdomen
D. Dorsogluteal site
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Abdomen
, 🔴 Explanation: The abdomen, specifically the area around the umbilicus, has a
subcutaneous layer that is more consistent and accessible for administration,
especially in patients with reduced muscle mass, like the elderly.
6. The nurse is educating a patient about a low-sodium diet for hypertension
management. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a
need for further teaching?
A. "I will avoid adding salt to my food at the table."
B. "I can eat fresh fruits and vegetables."
C. "I should limit my intake of canned soups."
D. "I can use salt substitutes freely without any concern."
🟢 Correct Answer: D. "I can use salt substitutes freely without any concern."
🔴 Explanation: Salt substitutes often contain potassium chloride; excessive
intake can be dangerous for patients with renal issues or those taking potassium-
sparing diuretics. Patients must use them cautiously.
7. Which of the following is an example of a secondary prevention activity in
community health nursing?
A. Teaching a nutrition class to healthy adults
B. Administering immunizations to infants
C. Providing mammography screening for women over 40
D. Leading a support group for stroke survivors
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Providing mammography screening for women over 40
🔴 Explanation: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt
intervention to halt disease processes. Mammography screening is a classic
example aimed at detecting breast cancer early.
VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES | DOWNLOAD
AND PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE 2026/2027
Core Domains
- Foundations of Nursing Practice
- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
- Ethical and Legal Issues in Healthcare
- Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Basics
- Patient Safety and Quality Improvement
- Therapeutic Communication and Patient Education
- Healthcare Systems and Policy
- Evidence-Based Practice and Research
Introduction
This comprehensive examination is designed to evaluate the essential knowledge
and clinical reasoning skills required for competent nursing practice. The
assessment covers foundational nursing theories, principles of health promotion,
ethical and legal standards, and practical application in diverse healthcare settings.
Through a combination of multiple-choice and scenario-based questions,
candidates will demonstrate their ability to apply critical thinking to real-world
patient care situations, prioritize interventions, and make sound clinical decisions.
Emphasis is placed on the integration of evidence-based practice, patient safety, and
effective communication to prepare nursing professionals for the challenges of
modern healthcare.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–50
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial intervention to
,promote self-management?
A. Provide a list of foods to avoid indefinitely.
B. Refer the patient to a diabetes educator for comprehensive teaching.
C. Schedule a follow-up appointment in six months.
D. Prescribe a strict 1200-calorie diet without flexibility.
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Refer the patient to a diabetes educator for comprehensive
teaching.
🔴 Explanation: Diabetes education empowers patients with the knowledge and
skills necessary for self-management, including blood glucose monitoring,
medication adherence, and lifestyle modifications, which is the foundational step
in managing Type 2 Diabetes.
2. A nurse is assessing a patient's pain using the PQRST mnemonic. What does
the "R" stand for in this assessment?
A. Radiates
B. Rate
C. Relief
D. Region
🟢 Correct Answer: A. Radiates
🔴 Explanation: In the PQRST mnemonic, "R" stands for Radiates, which inquires
about where the pain radiates to and from the primary site, crucial for accurate
pain assessment.
3. A healthcare team is implementing a new electronic health record (EHR)
system. Which of the following is the primary ethical principle guiding the
protection of patient information?
,A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy
D. Confidentiality
🟢 Correct Answer: D. Confidentiality
🔴 Explanation: The principle of confidentiality requires healthcare providers to
protect patient information from unauthorized disclosure, a key requirement
under HIPAA and professional ethics.
4. A patient is prescribed a medication that has a narrow therapeutic index. The
nurse should prioritize monitoring which of the following?
A. The patient's temperature
B. Serum drug levels
C. The patient's dietary intake
D. The patient's mobility status
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Serum drug levels
🔴 Explanation: For medications with a narrow therapeutic index, small variations
in dosage or serum levels can lead to toxicity or therapeutic failure, requiring
frequent monitoring of serum drug levels to ensure safety and efficacy.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection. Which of the
following is the most appropriate site for a thin, elderly patient?
A. Deltoid muscle
B. Ventrogluteal site
C. Abdomen
D. Dorsogluteal site
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Abdomen
, 🔴 Explanation: The abdomen, specifically the area around the umbilicus, has a
subcutaneous layer that is more consistent and accessible for administration,
especially in patients with reduced muscle mass, like the elderly.
6. The nurse is educating a patient about a low-sodium diet for hypertension
management. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a
need for further teaching?
A. "I will avoid adding salt to my food at the table."
B. "I can eat fresh fruits and vegetables."
C. "I should limit my intake of canned soups."
D. "I can use salt substitutes freely without any concern."
🟢 Correct Answer: D. "I can use salt substitutes freely without any concern."
🔴 Explanation: Salt substitutes often contain potassium chloride; excessive
intake can be dangerous for patients with renal issues or those taking potassium-
sparing diuretics. Patients must use them cautiously.
7. Which of the following is an example of a secondary prevention activity in
community health nursing?
A. Teaching a nutrition class to healthy adults
B. Administering immunizations to infants
C. Providing mammography screening for women over 40
D. Leading a support group for stroke survivors
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Providing mammography screening for women over 40
🔴 Explanation: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt
intervention to halt disease processes. Mammography screening is a classic
example aimed at detecting breast cancer early.
