TCAR FINAL EXAM – TRAUMA CARE 2026/2027 EXAM BANK NEWEST
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
|ALREADY GRADED A+||ALREADY GRADED A+
EXAM CONTENT DOMAINS
Domain 01: Trauma Assessment & Primary Survey (Q 1–40)
Domain 02: Airway Management & Breathing (Q 41–65)
Domain 03: Circulation & Hemorrhage Control (Q 66–90)
Domain 04: Shock & Resuscitation (Q 91–115)
Domain 05: Neurological Trauma & Head Injury (Q 116–145)
Domain 06: Thoracic Trauma (Q 146–175)
Domain 07: Abdominal & Pelvic Trauma (Q 176–200)
Domain 08: Musculoskeletal & Spine Trauma (Q 201–225)
Domain 09: Burn & Soft Tissue Trauma (Q 226–245)
Domain 10: Pediatric & Geriatric Trauma (Q 246–270)
Domain 11: Special Populations & Environmental Emergencies (Q 271–285)
Domain 12: Professional Practice & Legal Issues (Q 286–300)
SECTION 1: TRAUMA ASSESSMENT & PRIMARY SURVEY (Questions 1–40)
Q1. The priority in the primary survey of a trauma patient is:
A) Assessing airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs)
B) Obtaining a complete history
C) Performing a head-to-toe assessment
D) Ordering laboratory tests
Answer: A) Assessing airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs)
Rationale: The primary survey follows the ABCDE approach: Airway (with
cervical spine protection), Breathing, Circulation, Disability (neurological),
and Exposure/Environment. The priority is establishing and maintaining a
patent airway, ensuring adequate breathing, and controlling hemorrhage.
History and full assessment occur after life threats are addressed.
Q2. The "X" in the ABCDE primary survey stands for:
A) eXposure and Environment
B) eXamination
C) eXtremities
1
,D) eX-rays
Answer: A) eXposure and Environment
Rationale: The ABCDE approach includes Exposure and Environmental control.
The patient should be fully exposed to perform a thorough assessment while
preventing hypothermia through warming blankets, warm IV fluids, and
warmed ambient temperature.
Q3. During the primary survey, the most common cause of airway obstruction in
an unconscious trauma patient is:
A) Tongue obstruction
B) Foreign body
C) Facial fractures
D) Laryngeal trauma
Answer: A) Tongue obstruction
Rationale: In an unconscious patient, the most common cause of airway
obstruction is the tongue falling back against the posterior pharynx.
This can be managed with a jaw thrust maneuver (which also protects the
cervical spine) or insertion of an oral airway.
Q4. The "jaw thrust" maneuver is preferred over the "head tilt-chin lift" in
trauma patients because:
A) It is easier to perform
B) It protects the cervical spine from further injury
C) It is more effective at opening the airway
D) It requires less equipment
Answer: B) It protects the cervical spine from further injury
Rationale: The jaw thrust maneuver opens the airway without manipulating the
cervical spine, which is critical in trauma patients who may have an
unstable cervical spine injury. The head tilt-chin lift can cause or
worsen spinal cord injury in patients with cervical spine fractures.
Q5. A patient with a suspected cervical spine injury should have the cervical
2
,spine immobilized using:
A) A cervical collar only
B) A cervical collar and backboard
C) A cervical collar, backboard, and head immobilization devices
D) Manual stabilization only
Answer: C) A cervical collar, backboard, and head immobilization devices
Rationale: Full spinal immobilization includes a rigid cervical collar,
long backboard, and head immobilization devices (head blocks or tape
across the forehead). This prevents movement of the cervical spine and
reduces the risk of spinal cord injury.
Q6. A patient with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8 or less requires:
A) Supplemental oxygen
B) Intubation
C) IV fluids
D) Pain medication
Answer: B) Intubation
Rationale: A GCS score of 8 or less indicates severe neurological impairment
and an inability to protect the airway. These patients require intubation
and mechanical ventilation to maintain airway patency and prevent
aspiration.
Q7. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assesses:
A) Eye opening, motor response, and verbal response
B) Heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate
C) Pupil size, reactivity, and movement
D) Pain, sensation, and motor function
Answer: A) Eye opening, motor response, and verbal response
Rationale: The GCS is a standardized assessment tool that evaluates three
components: Eye opening (1–4), Verbal response (1–5), and Motor response
(1–6). Scores range from 3 (deep coma) to 15 (fully alert). It is a key
component of the neurological assessment in trauma.
3
, Q8. The minimum GCS score is:
A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 8
Answer: B) 3
Rationale: The GCS ranges from 3 to 15. A score of 3 indicates a deep
comatose state with no eye opening, no verbal response, and no motor
response. A score of 15 indicates a fully alert patient.
Q9. The maximum GCS score is:
A) 10
B) 12
C) 15
D) 20
Answer: C) 15
Rationale: The GCS ranges from 3 to 15. A score of 15 indicates a fully
alert patient with normal eye opening, oriented verbal response, and
obeying commands for motor response.
Q10. A GCS score of 14 indicates:
A) Severe head injury
B) Moderate head injury
C) Mild head injury
D) Normal neurological function
Answer: C) Mild head injury
Rationale: GCS scores are categorized as: Mild (13–15), Moderate (9–12), and
Severe (3–8). A score of 14 indicates a mild head injury. However, any
patient with a head injury should be monitored for deterioration.
Q11. A GCS score of 10 indicates:
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2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
|ALREADY GRADED A+||ALREADY GRADED A+
EXAM CONTENT DOMAINS
Domain 01: Trauma Assessment & Primary Survey (Q 1–40)
Domain 02: Airway Management & Breathing (Q 41–65)
Domain 03: Circulation & Hemorrhage Control (Q 66–90)
Domain 04: Shock & Resuscitation (Q 91–115)
Domain 05: Neurological Trauma & Head Injury (Q 116–145)
Domain 06: Thoracic Trauma (Q 146–175)
Domain 07: Abdominal & Pelvic Trauma (Q 176–200)
Domain 08: Musculoskeletal & Spine Trauma (Q 201–225)
Domain 09: Burn & Soft Tissue Trauma (Q 226–245)
Domain 10: Pediatric & Geriatric Trauma (Q 246–270)
Domain 11: Special Populations & Environmental Emergencies (Q 271–285)
Domain 12: Professional Practice & Legal Issues (Q 286–300)
SECTION 1: TRAUMA ASSESSMENT & PRIMARY SURVEY (Questions 1–40)
Q1. The priority in the primary survey of a trauma patient is:
A) Assessing airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs)
B) Obtaining a complete history
C) Performing a head-to-toe assessment
D) Ordering laboratory tests
Answer: A) Assessing airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs)
Rationale: The primary survey follows the ABCDE approach: Airway (with
cervical spine protection), Breathing, Circulation, Disability (neurological),
and Exposure/Environment. The priority is establishing and maintaining a
patent airway, ensuring adequate breathing, and controlling hemorrhage.
History and full assessment occur after life threats are addressed.
Q2. The "X" in the ABCDE primary survey stands for:
A) eXposure and Environment
B) eXamination
C) eXtremities
1
,D) eX-rays
Answer: A) eXposure and Environment
Rationale: The ABCDE approach includes Exposure and Environmental control.
The patient should be fully exposed to perform a thorough assessment while
preventing hypothermia through warming blankets, warm IV fluids, and
warmed ambient temperature.
Q3. During the primary survey, the most common cause of airway obstruction in
an unconscious trauma patient is:
A) Tongue obstruction
B) Foreign body
C) Facial fractures
D) Laryngeal trauma
Answer: A) Tongue obstruction
Rationale: In an unconscious patient, the most common cause of airway
obstruction is the tongue falling back against the posterior pharynx.
This can be managed with a jaw thrust maneuver (which also protects the
cervical spine) or insertion of an oral airway.
Q4. The "jaw thrust" maneuver is preferred over the "head tilt-chin lift" in
trauma patients because:
A) It is easier to perform
B) It protects the cervical spine from further injury
C) It is more effective at opening the airway
D) It requires less equipment
Answer: B) It protects the cervical spine from further injury
Rationale: The jaw thrust maneuver opens the airway without manipulating the
cervical spine, which is critical in trauma patients who may have an
unstable cervical spine injury. The head tilt-chin lift can cause or
worsen spinal cord injury in patients with cervical spine fractures.
Q5. A patient with a suspected cervical spine injury should have the cervical
2
,spine immobilized using:
A) A cervical collar only
B) A cervical collar and backboard
C) A cervical collar, backboard, and head immobilization devices
D) Manual stabilization only
Answer: C) A cervical collar, backboard, and head immobilization devices
Rationale: Full spinal immobilization includes a rigid cervical collar,
long backboard, and head immobilization devices (head blocks or tape
across the forehead). This prevents movement of the cervical spine and
reduces the risk of spinal cord injury.
Q6. A patient with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8 or less requires:
A) Supplemental oxygen
B) Intubation
C) IV fluids
D) Pain medication
Answer: B) Intubation
Rationale: A GCS score of 8 or less indicates severe neurological impairment
and an inability to protect the airway. These patients require intubation
and mechanical ventilation to maintain airway patency and prevent
aspiration.
Q7. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assesses:
A) Eye opening, motor response, and verbal response
B) Heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate
C) Pupil size, reactivity, and movement
D) Pain, sensation, and motor function
Answer: A) Eye opening, motor response, and verbal response
Rationale: The GCS is a standardized assessment tool that evaluates three
components: Eye opening (1–4), Verbal response (1–5), and Motor response
(1–6). Scores range from 3 (deep coma) to 15 (fully alert). It is a key
component of the neurological assessment in trauma.
3
, Q8. The minimum GCS score is:
A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 8
Answer: B) 3
Rationale: The GCS ranges from 3 to 15. A score of 3 indicates a deep
comatose state with no eye opening, no verbal response, and no motor
response. A score of 15 indicates a fully alert patient.
Q9. The maximum GCS score is:
A) 10
B) 12
C) 15
D) 20
Answer: C) 15
Rationale: The GCS ranges from 3 to 15. A score of 15 indicates a fully
alert patient with normal eye opening, oriented verbal response, and
obeying commands for motor response.
Q10. A GCS score of 14 indicates:
A) Severe head injury
B) Moderate head injury
C) Mild head injury
D) Normal neurological function
Answer: C) Mild head injury
Rationale: GCS scores are categorized as: Mild (13–15), Moderate (9–12), and
Severe (3–8). A score of 14 indicates a mild head injury. However, any
patient with a head injury should be monitored for deterioration.
Q11. A GCS score of 10 indicates:
4
