ATI RN Pharmacology Comprehensive Practice Test 2026–2027 | 300 Questions & Answers

ATI RN Pharmacology Comprehensive Practice Test 2026–2027 | 300 Questions & Answers Question 1. A nurse is preparing to administer total parenteral nutrition to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Obtain the client's weight three times a week. B. Check the client's WBC count daily. C. Keep the solution refrigerated until 1 hr before infusion. D. Change the solution every 36 hrs. Correct Answer: C Rationale: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solutions should be refrigerated and removed from refrigeration only 1 hour before infusion to prevent bacterial growth and maintain stability. Weight should be obtained daily, WBC monitoring is not required daily, and solutions should be changed every 24 hours. --- Question 2. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. Using the rights of medication administration, which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure the right medication is administered to the client? A. Ask another nurse to check the medication dosage prior to administration. B. Verify a written order with the medication administration record. C. Use two client identifiers prior to administering the medication. D. Document the full name of the prescribed medication after administration. Correct Answer: C Rationale: The rights of medication administration include verifying the right client using two unique identifiers (e.g., name and date of birth). This is a critical safety step to prevent medication errors. --- Question 3. A nurse is preparing to mix short-acting insulin with NPH insulin from two vials. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Inject air into the vial to withdraw the short-acting insulin. B. Administer the insulin within 20 min of preparing it. C. Ensure the NPH insulin is drawn into the syringe first. D. Use two separate syringes to mix the insulin. Correct Answer: D Rationale: Short-acting insulin and NPH insulin should NOT be mixed in the same syringe according to current best practices due to risk of contamination and dosing errors. The nurse should use two separate syringes or administer separately. --- Question 4. A nurse is reviewing the list of current medications for a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client medications is contraindicated for use with nitroglycerin? A. Sildenafil B. Gemfibrozil C. Lansoprazole D. Diazepam Correct Answer: A Rationale: Sildenafil (Viagra) and other phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors are contraindicated with nitroglycerin due to the risk of severe hypotension and fatal cardiovascular collapse from synergistic vasodilation. --- Question 5. A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who has cancer and is receiving morphine via a PCA pump. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider? (Note: The screenshot cut off before the answer options could be displayed. Based on standard pharmacology knowledge, the nurse should clarify any prescription that appears unsafe, such as incorrect dosing, wrong route, or contraindicated medications.) Correct Answer: (Cannot be fully determined from provided screenshot) Note: The screenshot appears to be cut off. The complete question and answer options are not visible in the provided image. --- Question 6. A nurse is administering medications to a client who weighs 132 lb. The prescription reads chloramphenicol, 50 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses. Available is chloramphenicol 100 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse give with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth.) A. 7.0 mL B. 7.5 mL C. 8.0 mL D. 8.5 mL Correct Answer: B Rationale: Convert weight to kg: 132 lb ÷ 2.2 = 60 kg. Total daily dose: 60 kg × 50 mg = 3000 mg/day. Per dose: 3000 mg ÷ 4 = 750 mg/dose. Volume: 750 mg ÷ 100 mg/mL = 7.5 mL. --- Question 7. A nurse is planning to administer medications to a client who weighs 198 lb. The prescription reads, "filgrastim 5 mcg/kg, subcutaneous, daily." Available is filgrastim 300 mcg/mL. How many mL should the nurse plan to give with each dose? (Round to the nearest tenth.) A. 1.0 mL B. 1.3 mL C. 1.5 mL D. 2.0 mL Correct Answer: C Rationale: Convert weight to kg: 198 lb ÷ 2.2 = 90 kg. Total dose: 90 kg × 5 mcg = 450 mcg. Volume: 450 mcg ÷ 300 mcg/mL = 1.5 mL. --- Question 8. A nurse is preparing to administer the initial dose of penicillin G IM to a client. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an indication of an allergic reaction following the injection? A. Pallor B. Dyspepsia C. Bradycardia D. Urticaria Correct Answer: D Rationale: Urticaria (hives) is a classic sign of an allergic reaction to penicillin. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions present with urticaria, pruritus, angioedema, and potentially anaphylaxis. --- Question 9. A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium and reports starting a new exercise program. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances? A. Hypomagnesemia B. Hypocalcemia C. Hyponatremia D. Hypokalemia Correct Answer: C Rationale: Exercise increases sweating and fluid loss, which can lead to sodium depletion. Lithium is a sodium analog; hyponatremia can cause lithium toxicity by increasing lithium reabsorption in the kidneys. --- Question 10. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is receiving intermittent parenteral metronidazole. Which of the following conditions should the nurse recognize as an indication for this medication? A. Endocarditis B. Kidney transplant C. Seizures D. Hypokalemia Correct Answer: A Rationale: Metronidazole is an antibiotic effective against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. It is indicated for endocarditis prophylaxis in patients with certain cardiac conditions undergoing dental procedures or other invasive procedures.