EPALS EXA 1 UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A PLUS.pdf

EPALS EXA 1 UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A PLUS




Question:
Paediatric airway differences

Answer:
- airway proportionately narrower head larger so flexes on the neck and can cause partial obstruction
small mouth but large tongue preferential nasal breather up to 6 months higher larynx (creates sharp
angle)



Question:
Paediatric breathing differences

Answer:
- small resting lung volume so low o2 reserve relies on diaphragm more than muscles



Question:
Paediatric circulation differences

Answer:
Circulating vol newborn = 80 ml/ kg Decreases to around 60-70ml/kg in adulthood MAP more
accurate than systolic BP



Question:
Strider

Answer:
upper airway narrowing or obstruction, loud-high pitched breath sound



Question:

, Wheezing

Answer:
A high-pitched, whistling breath sound that is most prominent on expiration, and which suggests an
obstruction or narrowing of the lower airways; occurs in asthma and bronchiolitis.



Question:
grunting

Answer:
An "uh" sound heard during exhalation; reflects the child's attempt to keep the alveoli open; a sign
of increased work of breathing.



Question:
5 categories of shock

Answer:
- Hypovolemic Cardiogenic Distributive Obstructive Dissociative



Question:
distributive shock

Answer:
Inadequate distribution of blood, flow insufficient for the demand of the tissues. Eg - anaphylaxis,
sepsis



Question:
Obstructive shock

Answer:
Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels, causing an
insufficient blood supply to the body's tissues. Eg cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax