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Zusammenfassung starke/schwache Säuren & pH-Wert berechnen

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In diesem Dokument befindet sich eine Definition für starke und schwache Säuren. Es wird erklärt wieso es diese gibt, woran sie erkennbar sind, und wie eine Strukturformel aussehen könnte (Beispiel). Zudem wird erklärt wie der pH-Wert bei starken und schwachen Säuren berechnet wird. Auch die Anfangkonzentration wird bestimmt.

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Starke/Schwache Säuren 22 11 25
. .




sterke Sauen schwache Sauer

starke der Sure PKs ,
pkis Wert
c(H30 ) +
.
c(A) a((+ ya + 72
stark = 1 5
, Ks =
C(HA) Us =
<(HA) -
c(Hy0
+




Mittelstark pks > 15 : pki 74 ,
75

< (OH)
,

< (HA)
c(OH-12 ·




2 4 , 75
schwach ki
-
=
<(A) Ky <(B) c(OH) = -




pKs +
pki =
14


we r der Kor steigt ,




pH-Wert Berechnung
: dann sinkt der plsrs Wert




starte Sauren : Schwache Sauren :




PH =
-loy Co(HA)
·
-o
pOH =
14-pH PH =
E(pks-log co(HA)) - pOH = 14 -

E(pks -

log
-

c(HA))
pOH =


-log co(B)
·
-
o
pH =
14-pOH pOH = E (pks-log co(B) -


o pH =
14 -

E(pks -

log c(i)
-





Anfangskoncentration bestimmen :




pH =
-log Co(HA) ·
1 :
( 1) pH =E. (pks-log(coCHA)) 1 2 .




1-
-


PH =

log ·

Co (HA) I 10 t put 2 pH =
pks -loy(c(HA)) pks
10.02 =
(HA) 2 pH -

pks = -


log(c(HA)) 1 : ( 1)
-




-
plt
Co
= 10 pks-2ph =
log(co(HAll 110t not

10pk 2pH
-



=
c(HA)

Co = 10PKs-2pH


Allgemein : Starte Siren dissoziieren
vollstndig ,
schwache nicht




Starke/Schwache Sauren :
Grund erkennen
,
,
Struckturformel :




Die mit
starke einer Sure
hangt der
Elektronegativitet zusammen .




Deste hoher die EN ,
dester Starker zieht die Sure an dem Elektronenpaar an dem das Proton bindet .




Wird stark diesem Elektronenpaur spalten sich das Proton ab und die Saure "klaut"
genug an
gezogen ,




das Elektronenpaar .




Desto sterker die Same ,
deste schneller spaltet sich das Proton ab




Beispiele : starke Sire




H

co
H
O
EN 4F-
-


+ -H F-C
I



C *
HgOt
0 -
=
-


Hs
H -




schwache Sure


Essigsaure
H
Gi

H--
H

+- 1
I -

H C
c +
H
-
-




-
r I

H
- H)
It
EN =
2, 2

Document information

Study
Gymnasium
School year
1
Uploaded on
August 13, 2026
File latest updated on
August 13, 2026
Number of pages
1
Written in
2025/2026
Type
Summary
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