Nurs Adv Pharm 5334 UTA Exam 1 | Pharmacology Module 1,2 & 3 Exam Review | Questions And Answers 2026/2027 Updates

NURS
Nurs Adv Pharm 5334 UTA Exam 1 | Pharmacology Module 1,2 &
q q q q q q q q q q q




q 3 Exam Review | Questions And Answers 2026/2027 Updates
q q q q q q q q




Testbankscove

,Pharmacology Module #1, #2 & #3 EXAM REVIEW - Complete q q q q q q q q q




Q&A with Rationales
q q q




QUESTION 1 q




What is tachyphylaxis?
q q




A) Rapid decrease in response
q q q




B) Delayed onset of action q q q




C) Prolonged effectiveness q




D) Gradual increase in response
q q q




Correct Answer: A) Rapid decrease in response
q q q q q q




Rationale: Tachyphylaxis is a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated
q q q q q q q q q q q q




administration over a short period. It differs from tolerance, which develops more
q q q q q q q q q q q q




q gradually over time. This occurs when receptors become desensitized or depleted.
q q q q q q q q q q




QUESTION 2 q




Gastric acid is a digestive fluid produced by the parietal cells in the lining of the
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




q stomach and is comprised of hydrochloric acid, potassium chloride, and sodium
q q q q q q q q q q




q chloride. What is the primary purpose of gastric acid in the digestive process?
q q q q q q q q q q q q




A) Activates digestive enzymes q q




B) Enhances bile production q q




C) Neutralizes stomach acid q q




D) Neutralizes bile salts q q




Correct Answer: A) Activates digestive enzymes
q q q q q




Rationale: Gastric acid's primary function is to activate digestive enzymes, particularly
q q q q q q q q q q




pepsinogen to pepsin, which begins protein digestion. It also helps kill bacteria and
q q q q q q q q q q q q q




q creates an acidic environment optimal for enzyme function. Bile production occurs in the
q q q q q q q q q q q q




q liver, not in response to gastric acid.
q q q q q q




QUESTION 3 q

,Creatinine clearance determines? q q




A) How well the medications will be absorbed
q q q q q q




B) How well the medications will be excreted more accurately than a creatinine
q q q q q q q q q q q




q level alone
q




C) How quickly the medications will be metabolized
q q q q q q




D) The concentration of medications in the bloodstream
q q q q q q




Correct Answer: B) How well the medications will be excreted more accurately than a
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




creatinine level alone
q q q




Rationale: Creatinine clearance is a more accurate measure of renal function than serum
q q q q q q q q q q q q




q creatinine alone because it accounts for both the serum level AND urine output over
q q q q q q q q q q q q q




q time. It estimates GFR and helps determine appropriate drug dosing for renally excreted
q q q q q q q q q q q q




q medications.




QUESTION 4 q




Dysrhythmia is a deviation from normal sinus rhythm that may result from:
q q q q q q q q q q q




A) Electrolyte imbalance, coronary artery disease, cardiac conduction
q q q q q q




q abnormalities, thyroid disease q q




B) Vitamin deficiency, pulmonary infection, hypertension, liver disease
q q q q q q




C) Genetic mutation, digestive issues, neurological disorder, metabolic syndrome
q q q q q q q




D) Hormonal imbalance, respiratory disorder, kidney disease, autoimmune disorder
q q q q q q q




Correct Answer: A) Electrolyte imbalance, coronary artery disease, cardiac conduction
q q q q q q q q q q




abnormalities, thyroid disease
q q q




Rationale: Dysrhythmias result from disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction
q q q q q q q q q




system. Key causes include electrolyte imbalances (especially K+, Ca2+, Mg2+),
q q q q q q q q q q




ischemic heart disease, structural conduction abnormalities, and thyroid dysfunction
q q q q q q q q q




q (hyper/hypothyroidism). The other options list conditions not directly linked to cardiac q q q q q q q q q q




rhythm disturbances.
q q

, QUESTION 5 q




Alendronate and risedronate are bisphosphonates used in the treatment of
q q q q q q q q q




osteoporosis. What is the mechanism of action?
q q q q q q q




A) Stimulate osteoblast activity and bone formation causing increased bone density
q q q q q q q q q




B) Promote cartilage growth and joint lubrication
q q q q q




C) Enhance calcium absorption and bone mineralization
q q q q q




D) Inhibit osteoclast activity and bone resorption causing reduced bone turnover
q q q q q q q q q




q and improving bone mineral density
q q q q




Correct Answer: D) Inhibit osteoclast activity and bone resorption causing reduced
q q q q q q q q q q q




q bone turnover and improving bone mineral density
q q q q q q




Rationale: Bisphosphonates work by inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption.
q q q q q q q




q They bind to hydroxyapatite in bone and are ingested by osteoclasts during resorption,
q q q q q q q q q q q q




q leading to osteoclast apoptosis. This reduces bone turnover and preserves bone mineral
q q q q q q q q q q q




q density. They do NOT stimulate bone formation (that's PTH analogs).
q q q q q q q q q




QUESTION 6 q




Pharmacogenomics is the study of? q q q q




A) How genetic mutations affect drug safety
q q q q q




B) How environmental factors alter drug metabolism
q q q q q




C) The influence of diet on drug effectiveness
q q q q q q




D) How certain genetic traits affect drug response
q q q q q q




Correct Answer: D) How certain genetic traits affect drug response
q q q q q q q q q




Rationale: Pharmacogenomics studies how an individual's genetic makeup influences
q q q q q q q q




their response to drugs, including efficacy, metabolism, and adverse effects. It looks
q q q q q q q q q q q q




q at multiple genes and their interactions (whereas pharmacogenetics focuses on
q q q q q q q q q




q single gene variations).
q q