BSN 146 HESI REVIEW PRACTICE QUESTIONS &
VERIFIED ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE (2026)
A client is newly diagnosed with diverticulosis. The registered nurse (RN)is
assessing the client's basic knowledge about the disease process. Which statement
by the client conveys the client's understanding of the etiology of diverticula?
-Over use of laxatives for bowel regularity result in loss of peristaltic tone.
-Inflammation of the colon mucosa cause growths that protrude into the colon
lumen.
-Diverticulosis is the result of high fiber diet and sedentary life style.
-Chronic constipation causes weakening of colon wall which result in out-
pouching sacs.
- answer-Chronic constipation causes weakening of colon wall which result in out-
pouching sacs.
Rationale
A client who has chronic constipation often strains to pass constipated stool which
increases intestinal pressure that weakens the intestinal walls and causes out-
pouching sacs, called diverticula which commonly occur in the sigmoid.
A client with cirrhosis of the liver asks the registered nurse (RN) to explain how
varicose veins can occur in the esophagus. Which statement should the RN provide
to teach the client about the physiological etiology?
-The enlarged liver presses on the lower half of the esophagus which weakens
blood vessel walls.
-Abnormal vessels form as a result of liver damage that causes chronic low serum
protein levels.
-Esophageal swelling and tissue damage causes blood to circulate blood back
through the stomach.
-Increased portal pressure causes blood flow through liver to be shunted to the
esophageal vessels.
- answer-Increased portal pressure causes blood flow through liver to be shunted to
the esophageal vessels.
Rationale
Cirrhotic and fibrosed liver damage causes obstructed blood flow through portal
vessels to the liver which increases the portal pressurecausing the blood flow
through the liver to be shunted to the esophageal vessels. The result of this
shunting of blood causes the esophageal vessels (veins) to balloon out and weaken.
, As the portal hypertension increases, these esophageal varices can rupture and
cause bleeding resulting in bloody emesis and black tarry stools.
A client with progressive hearing loss appears distressed when the registered nurse
(RN) asks open-ended questions about the client's health history. Which forms of
communication should the RN use?
Select all that apply
-Face the client so the client can see the RN's mouth.
-Increase one's speech volume when interacting with the client.
-Repeat information to the client if misunderstood.
-Check if the client's hearing aides are working properly.
-Reduce environmental noise surrounding the client.
- answer--Face the client so the client can see the RN's mouth.
-Check if the client's hearing aides are working properly.
-Reduce environmental noise surrounding the client.
Rationale
A client with hearing loss can develop the ability to read "lips," so facing the client
during conversation allows visualization of the lips and directs the sound towards
the client. Inspection of the hearing aide device's functionality is a vital step in
communication. Hearing aides magnify all surrounding noise, so it is imperative to
reduce outside environmental noise during the interview process. Speaking clearly
with enunciation and in a regular tone is easier for a client to understand than
increasing the volume of speech. If a client shows signs of confusion, rephrasing
the question, instead of repeating, should be done to decrease client anxiety and
facilitate understanding.
A female client calls the clinic and talks with the registered nurse (RN) to inquire
about a possible reaction after taking amoxicillin for 5 days. She reports having
vaginal discomfort, itching, and a white discharge. The RN should discuss which
action with the client?
-Discontinue the antibiotic because original symptoms have subsided.
-Continue taking medication until finished until the symptoms subside.
-Consult with healthcare provider about another treatment for this effect.
-Use an over-the-counter (OTC) vaginal wash to flush out the secretions.
- answer-Consult with healthcare provider about another treatment for this effect.
Rationale
VERIFIED ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE (2026)
A client is newly diagnosed with diverticulosis. The registered nurse (RN)is
assessing the client's basic knowledge about the disease process. Which statement
by the client conveys the client's understanding of the etiology of diverticula?
-Over use of laxatives for bowel regularity result in loss of peristaltic tone.
-Inflammation of the colon mucosa cause growths that protrude into the colon
lumen.
-Diverticulosis is the result of high fiber diet and sedentary life style.
-Chronic constipation causes weakening of colon wall which result in out-
pouching sacs.
- answer-Chronic constipation causes weakening of colon wall which result in out-
pouching sacs.
Rationale
A client who has chronic constipation often strains to pass constipated stool which
increases intestinal pressure that weakens the intestinal walls and causes out-
pouching sacs, called diverticula which commonly occur in the sigmoid.
A client with cirrhosis of the liver asks the registered nurse (RN) to explain how
varicose veins can occur in the esophagus. Which statement should the RN provide
to teach the client about the physiological etiology?
-The enlarged liver presses on the lower half of the esophagus which weakens
blood vessel walls.
-Abnormal vessels form as a result of liver damage that causes chronic low serum
protein levels.
-Esophageal swelling and tissue damage causes blood to circulate blood back
through the stomach.
-Increased portal pressure causes blood flow through liver to be shunted to the
esophageal vessels.
- answer-Increased portal pressure causes blood flow through liver to be shunted to
the esophageal vessels.
Rationale
Cirrhotic and fibrosed liver damage causes obstructed blood flow through portal
vessels to the liver which increases the portal pressurecausing the blood flow
through the liver to be shunted to the esophageal vessels. The result of this
shunting of blood causes the esophageal vessels (veins) to balloon out and weaken.
, As the portal hypertension increases, these esophageal varices can rupture and
cause bleeding resulting in bloody emesis and black tarry stools.
A client with progressive hearing loss appears distressed when the registered nurse
(RN) asks open-ended questions about the client's health history. Which forms of
communication should the RN use?
Select all that apply
-Face the client so the client can see the RN's mouth.
-Increase one's speech volume when interacting with the client.
-Repeat information to the client if misunderstood.
-Check if the client's hearing aides are working properly.
-Reduce environmental noise surrounding the client.
- answer--Face the client so the client can see the RN's mouth.
-Check if the client's hearing aides are working properly.
-Reduce environmental noise surrounding the client.
Rationale
A client with hearing loss can develop the ability to read "lips," so facing the client
during conversation allows visualization of the lips and directs the sound towards
the client. Inspection of the hearing aide device's functionality is a vital step in
communication. Hearing aides magnify all surrounding noise, so it is imperative to
reduce outside environmental noise during the interview process. Speaking clearly
with enunciation and in a regular tone is easier for a client to understand than
increasing the volume of speech. If a client shows signs of confusion, rephrasing
the question, instead of repeating, should be done to decrease client anxiety and
facilitate understanding.
A female client calls the clinic and talks with the registered nurse (RN) to inquire
about a possible reaction after taking amoxicillin for 5 days. She reports having
vaginal discomfort, itching, and a white discharge. The RN should discuss which
action with the client?
-Discontinue the antibiotic because original symptoms have subsided.
-Continue taking medication until finished until the symptoms subside.
-Consult with healthcare provider about another treatment for this effect.
-Use an over-the-counter (OTC) vaginal wash to flush out the secretions.
- answer-Consult with healthcare provider about another treatment for this effect.
Rationale
