PPN 102 EXAM REVIEW WEEKS 1–3 2026/2027 – STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & TEST PREP
Person centered care relationships - correct answer ✔✔- critical to healing and satisfaction
- Nurses are in a unique position to gather, provide and explain essential information throughout a care
experience
- categorized as a "therapeutic alliance" and is linked to helping people achieve identifiable health goals
- begins with the expectation that ppl will take an active participatory role in self managing their health
(Locatelli, 2015)
- PCC's are time limited. Occur episodically at schedule times or could be a single encounter, could also
be long term
Components of PCC relationships - correct answer ✔✔- considers each patient as a person first and
foremost with distinctive personally held values, beliefs and life goals
- Each relationship represents a unique relational encounter- An interaction/ intervention that might be
supportive fo one patient/family may not be for another
- Nurses support ppl's self management and problem solving skills and help build confidence in their
ability to manage their own health
- Caring- represents a core foundational value in therapeutic nursing relationships and is the component
best remembered by the patients, families and nurse
PC vs social relationships (SR) - correct answer ✔✔- SR's are established or maintained to meet a mutual
need or friendship
- Therapeutic PCC relationships are established for professional health related purposes within a specific
time setting
- The focus of PCC is always on pt health concerns and the actions needed to help them identify and
resolve issues related to health and wellbeing
- Therapeutic relationships are subject to ethical and legal standards
The importance of communication - correct answer ✔✔- All relationships work better when participants
are actively engaged , listen carefully and respect each other as equal partners
- Communication strengths such as: empathy, positive regards, presence, authenticity, acceptance,
respect, self awareness and competence, when deliberately employed, contribute to the success of
therapeutic relationships
Guidelines for Nurses using social media - correct answer ✔✔- Refrain from posting identifiable personal
info (photos and videos includes even if you do not show the persons face) bc posts are bound by
confidentiality and privacy laws within each province and territory
- seperate personal from professional info; do not cross from professional into social relationships
- any disparaging comments are considered cyber bullying, use the highest privacy settings
6 P's of social media use - correct answer ✔✔- professional
- positive
- patient/person free
- protect yourself
- privacy
, - pause before you post
Peplau's Interpersonal Nursing Theory - correct answer ✔✔Peplau (1997) identified four sequential
phases of a nurse- patient relationship. Each phase serves to broaden as well as deepen the emotional
connection between nurses and patients
1. Preinteraction: reviewing the pt's chart/report; affords greater interprofessional sensitivity prior to
meeting; allows you to reflect and review your professional goals and potential biases
2. Orientation: developing conversational ease with your pt and the trust needed to deepen
communication
3. working phase: working together to help your pt discover solutions that best fit and engage them in
determining and implementing activities to meet therapeutic goals
4. Termination: evaluating together the pt's responses to tx and what goals have been achieved;
reviewing instructions and newly developed skill; identifying support systems
- termination of a PCC should be final
CNO standards: 5 components of therapeutic relationships (TNCR) - correct answer ✔✔PPERT
power
professional intimacy
empathy
respect
trust
CNO standards: what a nurse is accountable for in the TNCR - correct answer ✔✔therapeutic
communication
PCC
maintaining boundaries
protecting the client from abuse
Maintaining professional boundaries - correct answer ✔✔- professional boundaries respect the rights
and privacy of the pt and protects the functional/ emotional integrity of the alliance between the nurse
and patient
- these boundaries represent invisible structures imposed by legal, ethical and professional standards
that all nurses must meet
- the nurse (not the pt) is responsible for creating and maintaining professional boundaries
TR: implications for practice ( Zou (2016)) - correct answer ✔✔relational practice has important
implications in nursing clinical practice:
- look beyond the surface of ppl , situations and relationships to understand contextual factors that
impact health
- take responsibility in articulating personal/societal biases and discrimination in order to provide
culturally safe care
- demonstrate respect for pt culture, age, sex, beliefs and values, HC decisions and preferences
- abide by nursing codes and standards and engaging in reflective practice
QUESTIONS & TEST PREP
Person centered care relationships - correct answer ✔✔- critical to healing and satisfaction
- Nurses are in a unique position to gather, provide and explain essential information throughout a care
experience
- categorized as a "therapeutic alliance" and is linked to helping people achieve identifiable health goals
- begins with the expectation that ppl will take an active participatory role in self managing their health
(Locatelli, 2015)
- PCC's are time limited. Occur episodically at schedule times or could be a single encounter, could also
be long term
Components of PCC relationships - correct answer ✔✔- considers each patient as a person first and
foremost with distinctive personally held values, beliefs and life goals
- Each relationship represents a unique relational encounter- An interaction/ intervention that might be
supportive fo one patient/family may not be for another
- Nurses support ppl's self management and problem solving skills and help build confidence in their
ability to manage their own health
- Caring- represents a core foundational value in therapeutic nursing relationships and is the component
best remembered by the patients, families and nurse
PC vs social relationships (SR) - correct answer ✔✔- SR's are established or maintained to meet a mutual
need or friendship
- Therapeutic PCC relationships are established for professional health related purposes within a specific
time setting
- The focus of PCC is always on pt health concerns and the actions needed to help them identify and
resolve issues related to health and wellbeing
- Therapeutic relationships are subject to ethical and legal standards
The importance of communication - correct answer ✔✔- All relationships work better when participants
are actively engaged , listen carefully and respect each other as equal partners
- Communication strengths such as: empathy, positive regards, presence, authenticity, acceptance,
respect, self awareness and competence, when deliberately employed, contribute to the success of
therapeutic relationships
Guidelines for Nurses using social media - correct answer ✔✔- Refrain from posting identifiable personal
info (photos and videos includes even if you do not show the persons face) bc posts are bound by
confidentiality and privacy laws within each province and territory
- seperate personal from professional info; do not cross from professional into social relationships
- any disparaging comments are considered cyber bullying, use the highest privacy settings
6 P's of social media use - correct answer ✔✔- professional
- positive
- patient/person free
- protect yourself
- privacy
, - pause before you post
Peplau's Interpersonal Nursing Theory - correct answer ✔✔Peplau (1997) identified four sequential
phases of a nurse- patient relationship. Each phase serves to broaden as well as deepen the emotional
connection between nurses and patients
1. Preinteraction: reviewing the pt's chart/report; affords greater interprofessional sensitivity prior to
meeting; allows you to reflect and review your professional goals and potential biases
2. Orientation: developing conversational ease with your pt and the trust needed to deepen
communication
3. working phase: working together to help your pt discover solutions that best fit and engage them in
determining and implementing activities to meet therapeutic goals
4. Termination: evaluating together the pt's responses to tx and what goals have been achieved;
reviewing instructions and newly developed skill; identifying support systems
- termination of a PCC should be final
CNO standards: 5 components of therapeutic relationships (TNCR) - correct answer ✔✔PPERT
power
professional intimacy
empathy
respect
trust
CNO standards: what a nurse is accountable for in the TNCR - correct answer ✔✔therapeutic
communication
PCC
maintaining boundaries
protecting the client from abuse
Maintaining professional boundaries - correct answer ✔✔- professional boundaries respect the rights
and privacy of the pt and protects the functional/ emotional integrity of the alliance between the nurse
and patient
- these boundaries represent invisible structures imposed by legal, ethical and professional standards
that all nurses must meet
- the nurse (not the pt) is responsible for creating and maintaining professional boundaries
TR: implications for practice ( Zou (2016)) - correct answer ✔✔relational practice has important
implications in nursing clinical practice:
- look beyond the surface of ppl , situations and relationships to understand contextual factors that
impact health
- take responsibility in articulating personal/societal biases and discrimination in order to provide
culturally safe care
- demonstrate respect for pt culture, age, sex, beliefs and values, HC decisions and preferences
- abide by nursing codes and standards and engaging in reflective practice
