ACSM CLINICAL EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGIST
UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
●● What is the function of prime movers (agonists)?
Answer: Agonist, active, eccentric, and a major force of specific
movement.
●● What is the function of the antagonists?
Answer: Oppose prime movers, stretch reflex and includes active
relaxation.
●● What is the function of the synergist?
Answer: Cross multiple joints, prevents unwanted action and known as a
fixator & anatagonist.
●● What is the function of the fixator?
Answer: Stabilizer of proximal joints.
●● Explain the Sliding Filament Theory.
Answer: Explains how muscles produce force and contractions occur
which shorten the muscle. The thick filaments are myosin and the the
,thin filaments are actin. Both filaments are within the sarcomere and
slide past one another, shortening the entire length of the sarcomere.
●● What is Trp? (Troponin)
Answer: Controls Trm, regualated by Calcium and is involved in the
cross-bridging cycle.
●● What is Trm (Tropomyosin)?
Answer: Controlled by Trp,covers myosin binding sites and inhibits
muscle contraction.
●● What is an isometric contraction?
Answer: Same distance, no movement, no changes in muscle length.
●● What is an isotonic contraction?
Answer: Same tension, depends on direction of movement and length
changes (concentric vs eccentric).
●● What is an isokinetic contraction?
Answer: Same speed, contracts maximally, full ROM and increases
muscle length.
●● What is a static exercise?
,Answer: Isometric, high strength and intensity and stationary.
●● What is a dynamic exercise?
Answer: Isotonic, active ROM, slow & controlled movement and
continuous movement.
●● Difference between concentric vs eccentric?
Answer: Concentric (shortening, contraction).
Eccentric (lengthening, relaxation).
●● Type 1 Fiber
Answer: Slow, oxidative fibers, tonic, aerobic exercise, resistant to
fatigue and primarily used in distance runners.
●● Type 2A Fiber
Answer: Intermediate, 1/2 oxidative 1/2 anaerobic, 75% fatigue resistant
and used for intermediate sports.
●● Type 2X Fiber
Answer: Fast,'Phasic', lots of glycogen, quick to fatigue, little
mitochondria, capillaries and myoglobin primarily used by sprinters.
●● What muscle type has a mix of fiber types?
, Answer: Skeletal.
●● A single motor unit contains how many fiber types?
Answer: One.
●● If you train your body a certain way, some _________ fiber types
can become more type 1 or 2x depending on training.
Answer: Type 2.
●● What is the Golgi Tendon Organ?
Answer: The muscle messenger, connects the muscle to the mind, and
gives locomotion direction.
●● What is the autogenic inhibition/inverse stretch reflex?
Answer: Reflex inhibition of a motor unit in response to excessive
tension in the muscle fibers it supplies.
●● What is IB Afferent?
Answer: It is the sensory axon that innervates GTO and carries a signal
to the spinal cord.
●● What is the contract-relax technique?
UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
●● What is the function of prime movers (agonists)?
Answer: Agonist, active, eccentric, and a major force of specific
movement.
●● What is the function of the antagonists?
Answer: Oppose prime movers, stretch reflex and includes active
relaxation.
●● What is the function of the synergist?
Answer: Cross multiple joints, prevents unwanted action and known as a
fixator & anatagonist.
●● What is the function of the fixator?
Answer: Stabilizer of proximal joints.
●● Explain the Sliding Filament Theory.
Answer: Explains how muscles produce force and contractions occur
which shorten the muscle. The thick filaments are myosin and the the
,thin filaments are actin. Both filaments are within the sarcomere and
slide past one another, shortening the entire length of the sarcomere.
●● What is Trp? (Troponin)
Answer: Controls Trm, regualated by Calcium and is involved in the
cross-bridging cycle.
●● What is Trm (Tropomyosin)?
Answer: Controlled by Trp,covers myosin binding sites and inhibits
muscle contraction.
●● What is an isometric contraction?
Answer: Same distance, no movement, no changes in muscle length.
●● What is an isotonic contraction?
Answer: Same tension, depends on direction of movement and length
changes (concentric vs eccentric).
●● What is an isokinetic contraction?
Answer: Same speed, contracts maximally, full ROM and increases
muscle length.
●● What is a static exercise?
,Answer: Isometric, high strength and intensity and stationary.
●● What is a dynamic exercise?
Answer: Isotonic, active ROM, slow & controlled movement and
continuous movement.
●● Difference between concentric vs eccentric?
Answer: Concentric (shortening, contraction).
Eccentric (lengthening, relaxation).
●● Type 1 Fiber
Answer: Slow, oxidative fibers, tonic, aerobic exercise, resistant to
fatigue and primarily used in distance runners.
●● Type 2A Fiber
Answer: Intermediate, 1/2 oxidative 1/2 anaerobic, 75% fatigue resistant
and used for intermediate sports.
●● Type 2X Fiber
Answer: Fast,'Phasic', lots of glycogen, quick to fatigue, little
mitochondria, capillaries and myoglobin primarily used by sprinters.
●● What muscle type has a mix of fiber types?
, Answer: Skeletal.
●● A single motor unit contains how many fiber types?
Answer: One.
●● If you train your body a certain way, some _________ fiber types
can become more type 1 or 2x depending on training.
Answer: Type 2.
●● What is the Golgi Tendon Organ?
Answer: The muscle messenger, connects the muscle to the mind, and
gives locomotion direction.
●● What is the autogenic inhibition/inverse stretch reflex?
Answer: Reflex inhibition of a motor unit in response to excessive
tension in the muscle fibers it supplies.
●● What is IB Afferent?
Answer: It is the sensory axon that innervates GTO and carries a signal
to the spinal cord.
●● What is the contract-relax technique?
