HESI MED-SURG practice EXAM LATEST 140 QUESTIONS
AND 100% Verified ANSWERS JUST RELEASED
The nurse knows that lab values sometimes vary for the older client. Which data would the nurse
expect to find when reviewing laboratory values of an 80-year-old male?
Increased WBC, decreased RBC.
Increased serum bilirubin, slightly increased liver enzymes.
Increased protein in the urine, slightly increased serum glucose levels.
Decreased serum sodium, an increased urine specific gravity. - answer>>Increased protein in the
urine, slightly increased serum glucose levels.
As older adults age, the protein found in urine slightly rises as a result of kidney changes, and the
serum glucose increases slightly, also due to changes in the kidney.
The nurse is planning to initiate a socialization group for older residents of a long-term facility. Which
information would be most useful to the nurse when planning activities for the group?
The length of time each group member has resided at the nursing home.
A brief description of each resident's family life.
The age of each group member.
The usual activity patterns of each member of the group. - answer>>The usual activity patterns of each
member of the group.
An older person's level of activity is a determining factor in adjustment to aging as described by the
Activity Theory of Aging. The most useful information initially would be an assessment of each
individual's adjustment to the aging process.
While working in the emergency room, the nurse is exposed to a client with active tuberculosis. When
should the nurse plan to obtain a tuberculin skin test?
,Immediately after the exposure.
Within one week of the exposure.
Four to six weeks after the exposure.
Three months after the exposure. - answer>>Four to six weeks after the exposure.
A tuberculin skin test is effective 4 to 6 weeks after an exposure, so the individual with a known
exposure should wait 4 to 6 weeks before having a tuberculin skin test.
A client has taken steroids for 12 years to help manage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
When making a home visit, which nursing assessment is of greatest importance to this client?
pulse rate, both apically and radially.
blood pressure, both standing and sitting.
temperature.
skin color and turgor. - answer>>temperature.
Long term use of steroids by COPD clients is effective in suppressing inflammation in their airways
making it easier for them to breath, but at the same time suppresses the immune system, placing the
client at risk for infection, so it is very important to obtain the client's temperature.
During lung assessment, the nurse places a stethoscope on a client's chest and instructs him/her to say
"99" each time the chest is touched with the stethoscope. Which would be the correct interpretation if
the nurse hears the spoken words "99" very clearly through the stethoscope?
This is a normal auscultatory finding.
May indicate pneumothorax.
May indicate pneumonia.
May indicate severe emphysema. - answer>>May indicate pneumonia.
,This test (whispered pectoriloquy) demonstrates hyperresonance and helps determine the clarity with
which spoken words are heard upon auscultation. Normally, the spoken word is not well transmitted
through lung tissue, and is heard as a muffled or unclear transmission of the spoken word. Increased
clarity of a spoken word is indicative of some sort of consolidation process (e. g., tumor, pneumonia),
and is not a normal finding.
The nurse is performing an ophthalmoscopic examination on a hypertensive client. When assessing the
client, which finding indicates the severity of hypertension?
Opague color of the sclera.
Transparency of the cornea.
Amount of retinal vessel damage that has occurred.
Constriction and dilatation of the pupils. - answer>>Amount of retinal vessel damage that has
occurred.
Examination of the blood vessels of the retina reveal any damange to the retinal vessels. This is a
significant indication about how much damage the client's high blood pressure has done to vessels
throughout the body. Retinal damage indicates that hypertension is moderate to severe.
The nurse is receiving report from surgery about a client with a penrose drain who is to be admitted to
the postoperative unit. Before choosing a room for this client, which information is most important for
the nurse to obtain?
If suctioning will be needed for drainage of the wound.
If the family would prefer a private or semi-private room.
Prescription for removal of the drain.
If the client's wound is infected. - answer>>If the client's wound is infected.
Penrose drains provide a sinus tract or opening and are often used to provide drainage of an abscess.
The fact that the client has a penrose drain should alert the nurse to the possibility that the client is
infected. To avoid contamination of another postoperative client, it is most for the nurse to verify the
condition of the wound and if infected, important to place client in a private room.
, The nurse notes that the only ECG for a 55-year-old male client scheduled for surgery in two hours is
dated two years ago. The client reports that he has a history of "heart trouble," but has no problems at
present. Hospital protocol requires that those over 50 years of age have a recent ECG prior to surgery.
Which nursing action is best for the nurse to implement?
Ask the client what he means by "heart trouble."
Call for an ECG to be performed immediately.
Notify surgery that the ECG is over two years old.
Notify the client's surgeon immediately. - answer>>Call for an ECG to be performed immediately.
According to the hospital policy, clients over the age of 50 and/or with a history of cardiovascular
disease, should receive ECG evaluation prior to surgery, generally 24 hours to two weeks before. The
nurse needs to first arrange for an ECG to be performed immediately prior to surgery.
The nurse is interviewing a male client with hypertension. Which additional medical diagnosis in the
client's history presents the greatest risk for developing a cerebral vascular accident (CVA)?
Diabetes mellitus.
Hypothyroidism.
Parkinson's disease.
Recurring pneumonia. - answer>>Diabetes mellitus.
According to the National Stroke Association (2013), history of diabetes mellitus poses the greatest risk
for developing a CVA, 2-4Xs more than those who do not have diabetes mellitus. The reason for this
occurrence is related to the excess glucose circulating throughout the body not being utilized by the
cells, leading to increased fatty deposits or clots inside the blood vessels in the brain or neck,
eventually causing a stroke.
The nurse is completing an admission interview and assessment on a client with a history of
Parkinson's disease. Which question provides information relevant to the client's plan of care?
AND 100% Verified ANSWERS JUST RELEASED
The nurse knows that lab values sometimes vary for the older client. Which data would the nurse
expect to find when reviewing laboratory values of an 80-year-old male?
Increased WBC, decreased RBC.
Increased serum bilirubin, slightly increased liver enzymes.
Increased protein in the urine, slightly increased serum glucose levels.
Decreased serum sodium, an increased urine specific gravity. - answer>>Increased protein in the
urine, slightly increased serum glucose levels.
As older adults age, the protein found in urine slightly rises as a result of kidney changes, and the
serum glucose increases slightly, also due to changes in the kidney.
The nurse is planning to initiate a socialization group for older residents of a long-term facility. Which
information would be most useful to the nurse when planning activities for the group?
The length of time each group member has resided at the nursing home.
A brief description of each resident's family life.
The age of each group member.
The usual activity patterns of each member of the group. - answer>>The usual activity patterns of each
member of the group.
An older person's level of activity is a determining factor in adjustment to aging as described by the
Activity Theory of Aging. The most useful information initially would be an assessment of each
individual's adjustment to the aging process.
While working in the emergency room, the nurse is exposed to a client with active tuberculosis. When
should the nurse plan to obtain a tuberculin skin test?
,Immediately after the exposure.
Within one week of the exposure.
Four to six weeks after the exposure.
Three months after the exposure. - answer>>Four to six weeks after the exposure.
A tuberculin skin test is effective 4 to 6 weeks after an exposure, so the individual with a known
exposure should wait 4 to 6 weeks before having a tuberculin skin test.
A client has taken steroids for 12 years to help manage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
When making a home visit, which nursing assessment is of greatest importance to this client?
pulse rate, both apically and radially.
blood pressure, both standing and sitting.
temperature.
skin color and turgor. - answer>>temperature.
Long term use of steroids by COPD clients is effective in suppressing inflammation in their airways
making it easier for them to breath, but at the same time suppresses the immune system, placing the
client at risk for infection, so it is very important to obtain the client's temperature.
During lung assessment, the nurse places a stethoscope on a client's chest and instructs him/her to say
"99" each time the chest is touched with the stethoscope. Which would be the correct interpretation if
the nurse hears the spoken words "99" very clearly through the stethoscope?
This is a normal auscultatory finding.
May indicate pneumothorax.
May indicate pneumonia.
May indicate severe emphysema. - answer>>May indicate pneumonia.
,This test (whispered pectoriloquy) demonstrates hyperresonance and helps determine the clarity with
which spoken words are heard upon auscultation. Normally, the spoken word is not well transmitted
through lung tissue, and is heard as a muffled or unclear transmission of the spoken word. Increased
clarity of a spoken word is indicative of some sort of consolidation process (e. g., tumor, pneumonia),
and is not a normal finding.
The nurse is performing an ophthalmoscopic examination on a hypertensive client. When assessing the
client, which finding indicates the severity of hypertension?
Opague color of the sclera.
Transparency of the cornea.
Amount of retinal vessel damage that has occurred.
Constriction and dilatation of the pupils. - answer>>Amount of retinal vessel damage that has
occurred.
Examination of the blood vessels of the retina reveal any damange to the retinal vessels. This is a
significant indication about how much damage the client's high blood pressure has done to vessels
throughout the body. Retinal damage indicates that hypertension is moderate to severe.
The nurse is receiving report from surgery about a client with a penrose drain who is to be admitted to
the postoperative unit. Before choosing a room for this client, which information is most important for
the nurse to obtain?
If suctioning will be needed for drainage of the wound.
If the family would prefer a private or semi-private room.
Prescription for removal of the drain.
If the client's wound is infected. - answer>>If the client's wound is infected.
Penrose drains provide a sinus tract or opening and are often used to provide drainage of an abscess.
The fact that the client has a penrose drain should alert the nurse to the possibility that the client is
infected. To avoid contamination of another postoperative client, it is most for the nurse to verify the
condition of the wound and if infected, important to place client in a private room.
, The nurse notes that the only ECG for a 55-year-old male client scheduled for surgery in two hours is
dated two years ago. The client reports that he has a history of "heart trouble," but has no problems at
present. Hospital protocol requires that those over 50 years of age have a recent ECG prior to surgery.
Which nursing action is best for the nurse to implement?
Ask the client what he means by "heart trouble."
Call for an ECG to be performed immediately.
Notify surgery that the ECG is over two years old.
Notify the client's surgeon immediately. - answer>>Call for an ECG to be performed immediately.
According to the hospital policy, clients over the age of 50 and/or with a history of cardiovascular
disease, should receive ECG evaluation prior to surgery, generally 24 hours to two weeks before. The
nurse needs to first arrange for an ECG to be performed immediately prior to surgery.
The nurse is interviewing a male client with hypertension. Which additional medical diagnosis in the
client's history presents the greatest risk for developing a cerebral vascular accident (CVA)?
Diabetes mellitus.
Hypothyroidism.
Parkinson's disease.
Recurring pneumonia. - answer>>Diabetes mellitus.
According to the National Stroke Association (2013), history of diabetes mellitus poses the greatest risk
for developing a CVA, 2-4Xs more than those who do not have diabetes mellitus. The reason for this
occurrence is related to the excess glucose circulating throughout the body not being utilized by the
cells, leading to increased fatty deposits or clots inside the blood vessels in the brain or neck,
eventually causing a stroke.
The nurse is completing an admission interview and assessment on a client with a history of
Parkinson's disease. Which question provides information relevant to the client's plan of care?
