Test Bank for Dewits Medical Surgical Nursing
Concepts and Practice| 5th Edition Stromberg |All
Chapters| Latest Update
4 main causes of edema - Correct Answer ✅💯increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure
a loss of plasma proteins
obstruction of lymphatic circulation
increase in capillary permeability
Acidosis - Correct Answer ✅💯Excess acid or depletion of alkaline substances in the blood and
body tissues
Acidosis levels - Correct Answer ✅💯pH below 7.35
Active Transport - Correct Answer ✅💯Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concentration difference, active transport may move substances from an area of
lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
Aldosterone - Correct Answer ✅💯"salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of Na+ by
the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and
pressure
Alkalosis - Correct Answer ✅💯excess of alkaline or decrease of acid substances in the blood and
body fluids
Alkalosis - Correct Answer ✅💯pH > 7.45
Anions - Correct Answer ✅💯negatively charged ions
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - Correct Answer ✅💯released by the posterior pituitary, controls how
much fluid leaves the body in the urine and causes reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules
Ascites - Correct Answer ✅💯abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) - Correct Answer ✅💯released to stimulate renal vasodilation when
there's too much volume and suppress Aldosterone. Increases urinary output. Congestive heart failure
patients have high levels of ANP.
Carpopedal spasm (Trousseau Sign) - Correct Answer ✅💯A spasm of the hand, thumbs, foot, or
toes that accompanies tetany.
Cations - Correct Answer ✅💯positively charged ions
Dehydration - Correct Answer ✅💯water moves from the cells into interstitial and intravascular
spaces, this movement of water out of the cells causes:
Diffusion - Correct Answer ✅💯process by which substances move across the membranes until they
are evenly distributed in the available space
Edema associated with retention of water, sodium and chloride is: - Correct Answer ✅💯defined as
an accumulation of freely moving interstitial fluid(fluid surrounding the cells)
, Electrolytes - Correct Answer ✅💯minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the
body's fluid balance
Extracellular fluid (ECF) - Correct Answer ✅💯body fluids located outside of cells, 1/3 of body's
total water, transports water, nutrients, oxygen, waste, etc, to and from the cells. Regulated by renal,
metabolic and neurologic factors, high in NA+ content
Filtration - Correct Answer ✅💯movement of water and solutes through a semipermeable membrane
as a result of a pushing force on one side of the membrane. Occurs in the kidney, where waste
substances and excess water are eliminated
Functions of water in the body - Correct Answer ✅💯Transporting nutrients to cells and wastes from
cells
Transporting hormones, enzymes, blood platelets, and red and white blood cells
Serve as a medium for the enzymatic action of digestion
Helping maintain normal body temperature
Assists in maintenance of Hydrogen balance in the body
Hydrostatic pressure (HP) - Correct Answer ✅💯pressure exerted by fluid within the capillaries, HP
causes fluid to press outward on the vessel
Hypercalcemia - Correct Answer ✅💯an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood (serum
levels above 10.6mg/dl) can occur during lengthy periods of immobilization when calcium is
mobilized from the bone, or when an excess of Calcium or Vit D is taken into the body.
Hyperchloremia - Correct Answer ✅💯an excess of chloride in the blood plasma (serum levels
above 103mEq/l) that coincides with hypernatremia a form of metabolic acidosis
Hyperkalemia - Correct Answer ✅💯excessive potassium in the blood (serum levels >5.0mEq/L)
causes a shift of the potassium from ICF to ECF
Hyperkalemia causes - Correct Answer ✅💯usually treatment related, impaired renal function, tissue
trauma, acidosis
Hyperkalemia signs and symptoms - Correct Answer ✅💯Muscular: weakness, flaccid paralysis,
decreased deep tendon reflexes, smooth muscle hyperactivity (in GI tract, cramping and diarrhea).
Cardiac: bradycardia, irregular pulse, decreased cardiac output, hypotension, cardiac arrest, ECG
changes.
Hypermagnesemia - Correct Answer ✅💯A serum magnesium level that exceeds 2.1 mEq/L.
Hypermagnesemia causes - Correct Answer ✅💯Overuse of antacids or laxatives that contain
magnesium
Renal insufficiency and renal failure
*Treatment of preeclampsia with magnesium*
Aspiration of sea water, as in near drowning
Hypermagnesmia S/S - Correct Answer ✅💯R reflexes decreased/decreased nerve
impulse/respiratory depression
Concepts and Practice| 5th Edition Stromberg |All
Chapters| Latest Update
4 main causes of edema - Correct Answer ✅💯increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure
a loss of plasma proteins
obstruction of lymphatic circulation
increase in capillary permeability
Acidosis - Correct Answer ✅💯Excess acid or depletion of alkaline substances in the blood and
body tissues
Acidosis levels - Correct Answer ✅💯pH below 7.35
Active Transport - Correct Answer ✅💯Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concentration difference, active transport may move substances from an area of
lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
Aldosterone - Correct Answer ✅💯"salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of Na+ by
the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and
pressure
Alkalosis - Correct Answer ✅💯excess of alkaline or decrease of acid substances in the blood and
body fluids
Alkalosis - Correct Answer ✅💯pH > 7.45
Anions - Correct Answer ✅💯negatively charged ions
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - Correct Answer ✅💯released by the posterior pituitary, controls how
much fluid leaves the body in the urine and causes reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules
Ascites - Correct Answer ✅💯abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) - Correct Answer ✅💯released to stimulate renal vasodilation when
there's too much volume and suppress Aldosterone. Increases urinary output. Congestive heart failure
patients have high levels of ANP.
Carpopedal spasm (Trousseau Sign) - Correct Answer ✅💯A spasm of the hand, thumbs, foot, or
toes that accompanies tetany.
Cations - Correct Answer ✅💯positively charged ions
Dehydration - Correct Answer ✅💯water moves from the cells into interstitial and intravascular
spaces, this movement of water out of the cells causes:
Diffusion - Correct Answer ✅💯process by which substances move across the membranes until they
are evenly distributed in the available space
Edema associated with retention of water, sodium and chloride is: - Correct Answer ✅💯defined as
an accumulation of freely moving interstitial fluid(fluid surrounding the cells)
, Electrolytes - Correct Answer ✅💯minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the
body's fluid balance
Extracellular fluid (ECF) - Correct Answer ✅💯body fluids located outside of cells, 1/3 of body's
total water, transports water, nutrients, oxygen, waste, etc, to and from the cells. Regulated by renal,
metabolic and neurologic factors, high in NA+ content
Filtration - Correct Answer ✅💯movement of water and solutes through a semipermeable membrane
as a result of a pushing force on one side of the membrane. Occurs in the kidney, where waste
substances and excess water are eliminated
Functions of water in the body - Correct Answer ✅💯Transporting nutrients to cells and wastes from
cells
Transporting hormones, enzymes, blood platelets, and red and white blood cells
Serve as a medium for the enzymatic action of digestion
Helping maintain normal body temperature
Assists in maintenance of Hydrogen balance in the body
Hydrostatic pressure (HP) - Correct Answer ✅💯pressure exerted by fluid within the capillaries, HP
causes fluid to press outward on the vessel
Hypercalcemia - Correct Answer ✅💯an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood (serum
levels above 10.6mg/dl) can occur during lengthy periods of immobilization when calcium is
mobilized from the bone, or when an excess of Calcium or Vit D is taken into the body.
Hyperchloremia - Correct Answer ✅💯an excess of chloride in the blood plasma (serum levels
above 103mEq/l) that coincides with hypernatremia a form of metabolic acidosis
Hyperkalemia - Correct Answer ✅💯excessive potassium in the blood (serum levels >5.0mEq/L)
causes a shift of the potassium from ICF to ECF
Hyperkalemia causes - Correct Answer ✅💯usually treatment related, impaired renal function, tissue
trauma, acidosis
Hyperkalemia signs and symptoms - Correct Answer ✅💯Muscular: weakness, flaccid paralysis,
decreased deep tendon reflexes, smooth muscle hyperactivity (in GI tract, cramping and diarrhea).
Cardiac: bradycardia, irregular pulse, decreased cardiac output, hypotension, cardiac arrest, ECG
changes.
Hypermagnesemia - Correct Answer ✅💯A serum magnesium level that exceeds 2.1 mEq/L.
Hypermagnesemia causes - Correct Answer ✅💯Overuse of antacids or laxatives that contain
magnesium
Renal insufficiency and renal failure
*Treatment of preeclampsia with magnesium*
Aspiration of sea water, as in near drowning
Hypermagnesmia S/S - Correct Answer ✅💯R reflexes decreased/decreased nerve
impulse/respiratory depression
