GMS 6121 Exam 2 Actual Exam Study
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Answers | Latest Version
1. Mononegavirales Order - ANSWER Includes Rhabdoviruses, filoviridae,
paramyxoviridae
Diseases: rabies, measle, mumps, human respiratory syncytial virus
2. Mononegavirales Characteristics - ANSWER Nonsegmented negative
strand RNA viruses
Envelopes from plasma membrane
Common RNA replication strategy
3. Replication of Mononegavirale - ANSWER -Packages RdRP synthesizes
viral mRNA inside the nucleocapsid after it enters the cell
-RdRP transcribes starting at the 3' end
-RdRP sequentially transcribes genes, terminating and releasing each mRNA
before starting the next one
4. Hendra and Nipah F proteins - ANSWER require endocytosis for cleavage
because they are not cleaved by furin
5. Measles (paramyxovirus) - ANSWER transmission: aerosol
Most contagious infectious agents
Childhood infection, lifelong immunity
,6. Measles infection cycle - ANSWER 1st cells- lung epithelial cells
Travel to alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells where they can travel to
lymph nodes. They can get into T and B cells, disseminate into the blood, then
spleen, liver, kidney, GI tract, thymus, skin, and rarely CNS.
7. Measles pathogenesis - ANSWER Rash due to immune complex formation
Kaplik's spots
8. Measles complications - ANSWER ear infections, deafness, pneumonia,
encephalitis, fatal, SSPE
9. SSPE (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) - ANSWER progressive
degenerative disease of the CNS that occurs 7-10 years after natural measles
infection, Neurons infected, but virus is not made
10.*Mumps virus (paramyxovirus) - ANSWER Transmission: aerosol
Similar pathogenic course as measles
Secondary tissues: partoid glands, CNS, gonads, kidneys, pancreas, heart, joints
11.Mumps complication - ANSWER Orchitis in gonads- sterility
meningitis
deafness
pancreatitis (rare)
death (very rare)
12.Paramyxovirus vaccine - ANSWER MMR
MMRV- adds varicella virus (chicken pox)
,13.Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) - ANSWER Transmission: aerosol and
fomites
Most common cause of pneumonia and fata acute respiratory tract infections in
infants
Highly infectious
14.Paramyxovirus genome organization - ANSWER Leader- initiating RNA
synthesis
Junction between genes- intergenic sequences that code for termination, PolyA,
and reinitiating
15.Trailor-noncoding UTR, contains promoter for genome replication
16.Paramyxovirus particles - ANSWER helical nucleocapsid, loose envelope
17.Paramyxovirus envelope proteins - ANSWER H and N- receptor binding
(some only H)
F-fusion, only active once fusion peptide is cleaved
18.Rhabdovirus particles - ANSWER - unusual bullet shape due to wrapping
of helical nucleocapsid in supercoil
- coiling mediated by matrix (M) protein
19.Paramyxovirus replication cycle - ANSWER transcription in core particle
Budding at plasma membrane
20.Paramyxovirus receptors - ANSWER Sialic acid
Measles-SLAM/CD150 on B, T, dendritic cells and some monocytes
, Fuses with membrane-no uncoating
21.Rhabdovirus entry and uncoating - ANSWER - rhabdovirus only have a
single envelope glycoprotein (G) that mediates receptor binding and fusion
- fuse in endosomes, not plasma membrane-uncoating happens
22.Single entry model for mononegavirus transcription - ANSWER Only 3'
end can act as promoter
23.Paramyxovirus transcription - ANSWER The transition from transcription
to replication is controlled by N protein levels L stutters on poly(U) template
so genes on the 3' end are produced more
24.P/C/V gene - ANSWER - multiple in-frame start sites of the mRNA allow
for this set of proteins
25.Paramyxovirus genome replication - ANSWER N protein encapsulates
RNA and hides the intergenic sequences from RdRP
26.Paramyxovirus assembly and release - ANSWER -envelope glycoproteins
insert into ER membranes and glycosylated in Golgi
- F proteins cleaved by furin to prevent premature fusion
- transported to plasma membrane
-Matrix protein associates with envelope
-nucleocapsids associated with matrix
-fusion protein can cause syncytia formation
RSV pathogenesis - ANSWER -virus causes syncytia to form in the lungs
-cell-cell spread in epithelial cells in lungs only
Questions with Expert Graded A+
Answers | Latest Version
1. Mononegavirales Order - ANSWER Includes Rhabdoviruses, filoviridae,
paramyxoviridae
Diseases: rabies, measle, mumps, human respiratory syncytial virus
2. Mononegavirales Characteristics - ANSWER Nonsegmented negative
strand RNA viruses
Envelopes from plasma membrane
Common RNA replication strategy
3. Replication of Mononegavirale - ANSWER -Packages RdRP synthesizes
viral mRNA inside the nucleocapsid after it enters the cell
-RdRP transcribes starting at the 3' end
-RdRP sequentially transcribes genes, terminating and releasing each mRNA
before starting the next one
4. Hendra and Nipah F proteins - ANSWER require endocytosis for cleavage
because they are not cleaved by furin
5. Measles (paramyxovirus) - ANSWER transmission: aerosol
Most contagious infectious agents
Childhood infection, lifelong immunity
,6. Measles infection cycle - ANSWER 1st cells- lung epithelial cells
Travel to alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells where they can travel to
lymph nodes. They can get into T and B cells, disseminate into the blood, then
spleen, liver, kidney, GI tract, thymus, skin, and rarely CNS.
7. Measles pathogenesis - ANSWER Rash due to immune complex formation
Kaplik's spots
8. Measles complications - ANSWER ear infections, deafness, pneumonia,
encephalitis, fatal, SSPE
9. SSPE (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) - ANSWER progressive
degenerative disease of the CNS that occurs 7-10 years after natural measles
infection, Neurons infected, but virus is not made
10.*Mumps virus (paramyxovirus) - ANSWER Transmission: aerosol
Similar pathogenic course as measles
Secondary tissues: partoid glands, CNS, gonads, kidneys, pancreas, heart, joints
11.Mumps complication - ANSWER Orchitis in gonads- sterility
meningitis
deafness
pancreatitis (rare)
death (very rare)
12.Paramyxovirus vaccine - ANSWER MMR
MMRV- adds varicella virus (chicken pox)
,13.Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) - ANSWER Transmission: aerosol and
fomites
Most common cause of pneumonia and fata acute respiratory tract infections in
infants
Highly infectious
14.Paramyxovirus genome organization - ANSWER Leader- initiating RNA
synthesis
Junction between genes- intergenic sequences that code for termination, PolyA,
and reinitiating
15.Trailor-noncoding UTR, contains promoter for genome replication
16.Paramyxovirus particles - ANSWER helical nucleocapsid, loose envelope
17.Paramyxovirus envelope proteins - ANSWER H and N- receptor binding
(some only H)
F-fusion, only active once fusion peptide is cleaved
18.Rhabdovirus particles - ANSWER - unusual bullet shape due to wrapping
of helical nucleocapsid in supercoil
- coiling mediated by matrix (M) protein
19.Paramyxovirus replication cycle - ANSWER transcription in core particle
Budding at plasma membrane
20.Paramyxovirus receptors - ANSWER Sialic acid
Measles-SLAM/CD150 on B, T, dendritic cells and some monocytes
, Fuses with membrane-no uncoating
21.Rhabdovirus entry and uncoating - ANSWER - rhabdovirus only have a
single envelope glycoprotein (G) that mediates receptor binding and fusion
- fuse in endosomes, not plasma membrane-uncoating happens
22.Single entry model for mononegavirus transcription - ANSWER Only 3'
end can act as promoter
23.Paramyxovirus transcription - ANSWER The transition from transcription
to replication is controlled by N protein levels L stutters on poly(U) template
so genes on the 3' end are produced more
24.P/C/V gene - ANSWER - multiple in-frame start sites of the mRNA allow
for this set of proteins
25.Paramyxovirus genome replication - ANSWER N protein encapsulates
RNA and hides the intergenic sequences from RdRP
26.Paramyxovirus assembly and release - ANSWER -envelope glycoproteins
insert into ER membranes and glycosylated in Golgi
- F proteins cleaved by furin to prevent premature fusion
- transported to plasma membrane
-Matrix protein associates with envelope
-nucleocapsids associated with matrix
-fusion protein can cause syncytia formation
RSV pathogenesis - ANSWER -virus causes syncytia to form in the lungs
-cell-cell spread in epithelial cells in lungs only
