WGU D570 Cognitive Psychology Unit 13 PA
|Pre Assessment -Solved
long-term memory (LTM) - stage of memory that can hold a large amount of
information for years or even decades, as proposed in the modal model of memory
Modal Model of Memory - introduced by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in
1968, illustrates the flow of information through three types of memory: sensory
memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory
Neural dynamics of working memory - processes involving neural activity that
contribute to holding information in working memory, including continuous firing
and short-term changes in neural networks
Persistence of Vision - continued perception of a visual stimulus after it is no longer
present, lasting only a fraction of a second
Phonological loop - holds verbal and auditory information; consists of the
phonological store and the articulatory rehearsal process
recall - memory task in which participants are presented with stimuli and after a
delay asked to report back as many of the stimuli as possible
rehearsal - control process involving the repetition of a stimulus, such as repeating
a phone number to keep int in STM as depicted in the Modal Model
adaptive process - process that contributes to an organism's ability to adjust to its
environment and enhance its changes of survival
Auditory coding - representation of information in the mind in the form of sound,
observed in both STM and LTM
autobiographical memory - memory for specific experiences from one's own life,
containing both episodic and semantic components
double dissociation - phenomenon where two functions, STM and LTM are affected
independently, demonstrating their separation
episodic memory - memory for events in your life like what you did last weekend
episodic long-term memory - stores personally experienced events and episodes
within the LTM
explicit memory - memory that involves conscious awareness and the ability to
articulate memories, such as episodic and semantic memories
, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) - neuro-imaging technique that
measures and maps brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow
hippocampus - brain structure involved in the formation of new long-term
memories, also showing activity during the maintenance of novel information in
short-term memory
procedural memory - memory for physical actions such as how to ride a bike or
play a piano
repetition priming - type of priming where the test stimulus is the same as or
resembles the priming stimulus, leading to an increased response or processing
speed
recency effect - phenomenon where participants are more likely to remember words
presented at the end of a sequence, often associated with STM
Semantic Coding - representation of information based on meaning, observed in
both STM and LTM
visual viewpoint - perspective from which a person "sees" or observes an event,
whether from above, at eye level, or below eye level
episodic memories - memories of specific events, including the time and place of an
event
fragile state - state in which a memory becomes susceptible to change or disruption
free recall - procedure where participants are asked to recall words or events
without specific cues
generation effect - enhancing learning and retention by actively generating material
yourself rather than passively receiving it
graded amnesia - characteristic of retrograde amnesia where the amnesia tends to
be most severe for events that happened just before the injury and becomes less
severe for earlier events
illusion of learning - phenomenon where certain study techniques, such as
rereading or highlighting, may create the illusion of effective learning without
necessarily resulting in better memory for the material
Long-term Potentiation (LTP) - enhanced firing of neurons after repeated
stimulation, resulting in the strengthening of synaptic transmission
memory reactivation - process during consolidation where the hippocampus replays
neural activity associated with a memory and sends this information to the cortex
|Pre Assessment -Solved
long-term memory (LTM) - stage of memory that can hold a large amount of
information for years or even decades, as proposed in the modal model of memory
Modal Model of Memory - introduced by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in
1968, illustrates the flow of information through three types of memory: sensory
memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory
Neural dynamics of working memory - processes involving neural activity that
contribute to holding information in working memory, including continuous firing
and short-term changes in neural networks
Persistence of Vision - continued perception of a visual stimulus after it is no longer
present, lasting only a fraction of a second
Phonological loop - holds verbal and auditory information; consists of the
phonological store and the articulatory rehearsal process
recall - memory task in which participants are presented with stimuli and after a
delay asked to report back as many of the stimuli as possible
rehearsal - control process involving the repetition of a stimulus, such as repeating
a phone number to keep int in STM as depicted in the Modal Model
adaptive process - process that contributes to an organism's ability to adjust to its
environment and enhance its changes of survival
Auditory coding - representation of information in the mind in the form of sound,
observed in both STM and LTM
autobiographical memory - memory for specific experiences from one's own life,
containing both episodic and semantic components
double dissociation - phenomenon where two functions, STM and LTM are affected
independently, demonstrating their separation
episodic memory - memory for events in your life like what you did last weekend
episodic long-term memory - stores personally experienced events and episodes
within the LTM
explicit memory - memory that involves conscious awareness and the ability to
articulate memories, such as episodic and semantic memories
, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) - neuro-imaging technique that
measures and maps brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow
hippocampus - brain structure involved in the formation of new long-term
memories, also showing activity during the maintenance of novel information in
short-term memory
procedural memory - memory for physical actions such as how to ride a bike or
play a piano
repetition priming - type of priming where the test stimulus is the same as or
resembles the priming stimulus, leading to an increased response or processing
speed
recency effect - phenomenon where participants are more likely to remember words
presented at the end of a sequence, often associated with STM
Semantic Coding - representation of information based on meaning, observed in
both STM and LTM
visual viewpoint - perspective from which a person "sees" or observes an event,
whether from above, at eye level, or below eye level
episodic memories - memories of specific events, including the time and place of an
event
fragile state - state in which a memory becomes susceptible to change or disruption
free recall - procedure where participants are asked to recall words or events
without specific cues
generation effect - enhancing learning and retention by actively generating material
yourself rather than passively receiving it
graded amnesia - characteristic of retrograde amnesia where the amnesia tends to
be most severe for events that happened just before the injury and becomes less
severe for earlier events
illusion of learning - phenomenon where certain study techniques, such as
rereading or highlighting, may create the illusion of effective learning without
necessarily resulting in better memory for the material
Long-term Potentiation (LTP) - enhanced firing of neurons after repeated
stimulation, resulting in the strengthening of synaptic transmission
memory reactivation - process during consolidation where the hippocampus replays
neural activity associated with a memory and sends this information to the cortex
