PAEA OBGYN EOR TOPICS EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST 2026 UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED 100% SOLUTIONS (2026/2027) GRADE:
A+|STATUS: GUARANTEED PASS
syphilis is an infection caused by - Answers -the spirochete Treponema pallidum
how is syphilis transmitted? - Answers -direct contact through sexual activity or mucous
membranes- forms a chancre at inoculation site and from there goes to regional lymph nodes
before disseminating (incubation period b/t 3d-3mos in 3 phases)
what are the phases of syphilis? - Answers -1. primary: (3-4wks) *chancre* and nontender LAD
near it
2. secondary: (3wks-6mos after) maculopapular rash (palms/soles common), condyloma lata
(wart-like lesions on mucous membranes), systemic sx (fever, LAD, arthritis, meningitis, HA,
hepatitis/ inc alk phos)
3. tertiary: (1-20yrs after infxn) gumma (noncancerous granulomas). neurosyphilis (HA,
meningitis, dementia, vision/hearing loss, incontinence, tabes dorsalis), Argyll-Robertson pupil
(small, irregular pupil), cardiovascular (aortitis, AR, aortic aneurysms)
what are the tests and tx for syphilis? - Answers --tests: darkfield microscopy, EIA (enzyme
immunoassays), RPR
-tx: *PCN G* but if PCN allergic: Doxycycline, Macrolide, Ceftriaxone
dx? cause? tx? a soft, shallow, painful genital ulcer with painful inguinal LAD - Answers --dx:
chancroid
-cause: haemophilus ducreyi
1|Page
,-tx: Azithromycin
a painless genital ulcer with painful inguinal LAD caused by chlamydia is called? tx? - Answers --
lymphogranuloma venerum (seen in developing countries)
-Azithromycin 1g po once OR Doxycycline 100mg po BID x10d (same tx as for cervicitis d/t
chlamydia)
what is the highest mortality and 2nd MC gynecological cancer? - Answers -ovarian cancer
what are the risk factors for ovarian cancer? & protective factors? - Answers --RF: + FHx, inc # of
ovulatory cycles (infertility, nulliparity, >50y, late menopause), BRCA1/2, Peutz-Jehgers, Turner's
syndrome
-protective factors: OCPs (dec # of ovulatory cycles), high parity, TAH
although ovarian cancer is rarely symptomatic until late in dz course- what are some sx's? -
Answers --abdominal distention/pain
-back pain
-early satiety
-urinary frequency
-irregular menses
-menorrhagia
-post-menopausal bleeding
-constipation
2|Page
,dx/tx? palpable abdominal mass, +/- ascites, swollen umbilical lymph nodes (sister Mary
Joseph's node), back pain, post-menopausal bleeding - Answers --dx: ovarian cancer
-workup: biopsy (90% epithelial), TVUS, MMG
-tx: if early stage, TAH-BSO + selective lymphadenectomy; if later- tumor debulking & monitor
with serum CA-125; chemo- paclitaxel/Taxol + Cisplatin or Carboplatin
what are the 2 types of functional ovarian cysts? - Answers -1. follicular- follicles fail to rupture
and continue to grow
2. corpus luteal cysts- corpus luteum that fails to degenerate after ovulation
functional ovarian cysts (follicular & corpus luteal) are mostly asymptomatic until they undergo
what changes? then what will sx's be? - Answers --rupture
-undergo torsion
-become hemorrhagic
-sx: *unilateral lower quadrant pain*, AUB, dyspareunia
dx/tx? pt comes in with unilateral (R) pelvic pain and a mobile/palpable cystic adnexal mass;
pelvic US shows a smooth, thin-walled unilocular cyst on on the R ovary; there's also a complex,
thicker-walled cyst w/ peripheral vascularity on the L ovary - Answers --dx: R: follicular cyst, L:
corpus luteal cyst
-tx: supportive- most cysts <8cm are functional & usually resolve spontaneously (rest, NSAIDs,
rpt US in 6 wks, OCPs to prevent future cysts, if postmenopausal & >8cm do
laparoscopy/laparotomy)
3|Page
, what is the MC benign ovarian neoplasm? tx? - Answers -*dermoid cystic teratomas*
-tx: removal (d/t risk of torsion or malignancy development)
*90% of ovarian neoplasms are benign in reproductive age women!
what age range receives cytology (pap smear) w/o HPV testing for screening Q3yr? what age do
you start doing cytology + HPV co-testing? - Answers --cytology only: start at age 21 to 29
-cytology + HPV: 30 and up
27yo pt with ASCUS (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) on cytology; next
step? if she was 23? - Answers -≥25 w/ ASCUS do *HPV testing*- if (-) repeat co-testing in *3
yrs*; if (+) *colposcopy + Bx*
21-24 w/ ASCUS- *repeat pap in 1 yr* ...or can do HPV testing but not recommended
22yo w/ ASC-H (atypical squamous cells can't exclude HSIL) on cytology; next step? - Answers -
any age w/ ASC-H = *colposcopy + Bx*
27yo pt with LSIL (low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) on cytology; next step? if she was
23? if she was 33? - Answers -25-29 w/ LSIL do colposcopy + Bx
4|Page
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED 100% SOLUTIONS (2026/2027) GRADE:
A+|STATUS: GUARANTEED PASS
syphilis is an infection caused by - Answers -the spirochete Treponema pallidum
how is syphilis transmitted? - Answers -direct contact through sexual activity or mucous
membranes- forms a chancre at inoculation site and from there goes to regional lymph nodes
before disseminating (incubation period b/t 3d-3mos in 3 phases)
what are the phases of syphilis? - Answers -1. primary: (3-4wks) *chancre* and nontender LAD
near it
2. secondary: (3wks-6mos after) maculopapular rash (palms/soles common), condyloma lata
(wart-like lesions on mucous membranes), systemic sx (fever, LAD, arthritis, meningitis, HA,
hepatitis/ inc alk phos)
3. tertiary: (1-20yrs after infxn) gumma (noncancerous granulomas). neurosyphilis (HA,
meningitis, dementia, vision/hearing loss, incontinence, tabes dorsalis), Argyll-Robertson pupil
(small, irregular pupil), cardiovascular (aortitis, AR, aortic aneurysms)
what are the tests and tx for syphilis? - Answers --tests: darkfield microscopy, EIA (enzyme
immunoassays), RPR
-tx: *PCN G* but if PCN allergic: Doxycycline, Macrolide, Ceftriaxone
dx? cause? tx? a soft, shallow, painful genital ulcer with painful inguinal LAD - Answers --dx:
chancroid
-cause: haemophilus ducreyi
1|Page
,-tx: Azithromycin
a painless genital ulcer with painful inguinal LAD caused by chlamydia is called? tx? - Answers --
lymphogranuloma venerum (seen in developing countries)
-Azithromycin 1g po once OR Doxycycline 100mg po BID x10d (same tx as for cervicitis d/t
chlamydia)
what is the highest mortality and 2nd MC gynecological cancer? - Answers -ovarian cancer
what are the risk factors for ovarian cancer? & protective factors? - Answers --RF: + FHx, inc # of
ovulatory cycles (infertility, nulliparity, >50y, late menopause), BRCA1/2, Peutz-Jehgers, Turner's
syndrome
-protective factors: OCPs (dec # of ovulatory cycles), high parity, TAH
although ovarian cancer is rarely symptomatic until late in dz course- what are some sx's? -
Answers --abdominal distention/pain
-back pain
-early satiety
-urinary frequency
-irregular menses
-menorrhagia
-post-menopausal bleeding
-constipation
2|Page
,dx/tx? palpable abdominal mass, +/- ascites, swollen umbilical lymph nodes (sister Mary
Joseph's node), back pain, post-menopausal bleeding - Answers --dx: ovarian cancer
-workup: biopsy (90% epithelial), TVUS, MMG
-tx: if early stage, TAH-BSO + selective lymphadenectomy; if later- tumor debulking & monitor
with serum CA-125; chemo- paclitaxel/Taxol + Cisplatin or Carboplatin
what are the 2 types of functional ovarian cysts? - Answers -1. follicular- follicles fail to rupture
and continue to grow
2. corpus luteal cysts- corpus luteum that fails to degenerate after ovulation
functional ovarian cysts (follicular & corpus luteal) are mostly asymptomatic until they undergo
what changes? then what will sx's be? - Answers --rupture
-undergo torsion
-become hemorrhagic
-sx: *unilateral lower quadrant pain*, AUB, dyspareunia
dx/tx? pt comes in with unilateral (R) pelvic pain and a mobile/palpable cystic adnexal mass;
pelvic US shows a smooth, thin-walled unilocular cyst on on the R ovary; there's also a complex,
thicker-walled cyst w/ peripheral vascularity on the L ovary - Answers --dx: R: follicular cyst, L:
corpus luteal cyst
-tx: supportive- most cysts <8cm are functional & usually resolve spontaneously (rest, NSAIDs,
rpt US in 6 wks, OCPs to prevent future cysts, if postmenopausal & >8cm do
laparoscopy/laparotomy)
3|Page
, what is the MC benign ovarian neoplasm? tx? - Answers -*dermoid cystic teratomas*
-tx: removal (d/t risk of torsion or malignancy development)
*90% of ovarian neoplasms are benign in reproductive age women!
what age range receives cytology (pap smear) w/o HPV testing for screening Q3yr? what age do
you start doing cytology + HPV co-testing? - Answers --cytology only: start at age 21 to 29
-cytology + HPV: 30 and up
27yo pt with ASCUS (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) on cytology; next
step? if she was 23? - Answers -≥25 w/ ASCUS do *HPV testing*- if (-) repeat co-testing in *3
yrs*; if (+) *colposcopy + Bx*
21-24 w/ ASCUS- *repeat pap in 1 yr* ...or can do HPV testing but not recommended
22yo w/ ASC-H (atypical squamous cells can't exclude HSIL) on cytology; next step? - Answers -
any age w/ ASC-H = *colposcopy + Bx*
27yo pt with LSIL (low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) on cytology; next step? if she was
23? if she was 33? - Answers -25-29 w/ LSIL do colposcopy + Bx
4|Page
