FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
THE ART AND SCIENCE OF PERSON-
CENTERED CARE
10TH EDITION
AUTHOR(S)CAROL R TAYLOR; PAMELA
LYNN; JENNIFER BARTLETT
Question 1
Reference: Historical Perspectives on Nursing — Florence
Nightingale and the Birth of Modern Nursing
Clinical Scenario: A nurse manager is presenting a orientation
workshop on nursing history and professional identity to newly
hired staff nurses. During the discussion, a newly hired nurse
asks how Florence Nightingale's contributions directly impacted
the clinical structure of modern nursing care. Which response
by the nurse manager best reflects Nightingale’s foundational
contributions to the profession?
,Options: A. "Nightingale established nursing as an independent,
respected profession by emphasizing clean, healthy
environments and formal education."
B. "Nightingale developed the first set of standardized clinical
nursing diagnoses and medical care protocols used in
hospitals."
C. "Nightingale advocated for nurses to work under the direct
supervision and complete direction of physicians."
D. "Nightingale created the first master's degree program in
nursing to ensure nurses were prepared for advanced practice
roles."
Correct Answer: A. "Nightingale established nursing as an
independent, respected profession by emphasizing clean,
healthy environments and formal education."
Rationales:
• Correct Answer (A): Florence Nightingale defined nursing
as distinct from medicine, emphasized the importance of
environmental factors (such as clean air, water, and light)
on health, and established formal nursing education,
elevating nursing to a respected and honorable profession.
• Incorrect Options:
, o B: Standardized nursing diagnoses (such as NANDA)
were developed much later in the 20th century, not
by Nightingale.
o C: Nightingale promoted nursing as an independent
and distinct profession separate from medicine,
rather than an entity subservient to physicians.
o D: Graduate and advanced practice nursing education
developed in the mid-to-late 20th century, long after
Nightingale's initial educational reforms in the 19th
century.
Teaching Point: Florence Nightingale established nursing as a
distinct, educated profession focused on environmental control,
health promotion, and person-centered care.
Citation: Taylor, C. R., Lynn, P., & Bartlett, J. (2022).
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-
Centered Care (10th ed.). Historical Perspectives on Nursing.
Question 2
Reference: Definitions of Nursing — Nursing's Aims and
Competencies (Promoting Health)
Clinical Scenario: A nurse working in a community clinic is
organizing a wellness program for older adults. The nurse plans
to lead weekly group walking sessions, conduct nutritional
workshops, and offer stress-management seminars. Which
, primary aim of nursing is the nurse addressing through these
interventions?
Options: A. Restoring health
B. Preventing illness
C. Promoting health
D. Facilitating coping with disability
Correct Answer: C. Promoting health
Rationales:
• Correct Answer (C): Promoting health focuses on
encouraging wellness, maximum human potential, and
optimal quality of life through lifestyle choices such as
exercise, healthy nutrition, and stress management in
individuals who are currently well.
• Incorrect Options:
o A: Restoring health focuses on direct care activities
performed when a patient is already ill or injured,
such as administering medications or performing
wound care.
o B: Preventing illness focuses specifically on reducing
the risk of disease through targeted measures such as
immunizations, prenatal care, or safety education.
THE ART AND SCIENCE OF PERSON-
CENTERED CARE
10TH EDITION
AUTHOR(S)CAROL R TAYLOR; PAMELA
LYNN; JENNIFER BARTLETT
Question 1
Reference: Historical Perspectives on Nursing — Florence
Nightingale and the Birth of Modern Nursing
Clinical Scenario: A nurse manager is presenting a orientation
workshop on nursing history and professional identity to newly
hired staff nurses. During the discussion, a newly hired nurse
asks how Florence Nightingale's contributions directly impacted
the clinical structure of modern nursing care. Which response
by the nurse manager best reflects Nightingale’s foundational
contributions to the profession?
,Options: A. "Nightingale established nursing as an independent,
respected profession by emphasizing clean, healthy
environments and formal education."
B. "Nightingale developed the first set of standardized clinical
nursing diagnoses and medical care protocols used in
hospitals."
C. "Nightingale advocated for nurses to work under the direct
supervision and complete direction of physicians."
D. "Nightingale created the first master's degree program in
nursing to ensure nurses were prepared for advanced practice
roles."
Correct Answer: A. "Nightingale established nursing as an
independent, respected profession by emphasizing clean,
healthy environments and formal education."
Rationales:
• Correct Answer (A): Florence Nightingale defined nursing
as distinct from medicine, emphasized the importance of
environmental factors (such as clean air, water, and light)
on health, and established formal nursing education,
elevating nursing to a respected and honorable profession.
• Incorrect Options:
, o B: Standardized nursing diagnoses (such as NANDA)
were developed much later in the 20th century, not
by Nightingale.
o C: Nightingale promoted nursing as an independent
and distinct profession separate from medicine,
rather than an entity subservient to physicians.
o D: Graduate and advanced practice nursing education
developed in the mid-to-late 20th century, long after
Nightingale's initial educational reforms in the 19th
century.
Teaching Point: Florence Nightingale established nursing as a
distinct, educated profession focused on environmental control,
health promotion, and person-centered care.
Citation: Taylor, C. R., Lynn, P., & Bartlett, J. (2022).
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-
Centered Care (10th ed.). Historical Perspectives on Nursing.
Question 2
Reference: Definitions of Nursing — Nursing's Aims and
Competencies (Promoting Health)
Clinical Scenario: A nurse working in a community clinic is
organizing a wellness program for older adults. The nurse plans
to lead weekly group walking sessions, conduct nutritional
workshops, and offer stress-management seminars. Which
, primary aim of nursing is the nurse addressing through these
interventions?
Options: A. Restoring health
B. Preventing illness
C. Promoting health
D. Facilitating coping with disability
Correct Answer: C. Promoting health
Rationales:
• Correct Answer (C): Promoting health focuses on
encouraging wellness, maximum human potential, and
optimal quality of life through lifestyle choices such as
exercise, healthy nutrition, and stress management in
individuals who are currently well.
• Incorrect Options:
o A: Restoring health focuses on direct care activities
performed when a patient is already ill or injured,
such as administering medications or performing
wound care.
o B: Preventing illness focuses specifically on reducing
the risk of disease through targeted measures such as
immunizations, prenatal care, or safety education.
