Chapter 18 The Human Heart Study Guide 2026/2027 | Anatomy, Function & Circulatory Pathways
What are the two main circuits of the The pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit.
heart?
What type of blood does the right Oxygen-poor blood from body tissues.
side of the heart receive?
What is the function of the pulmonary To carry blood to and from the lungs to eliminate
circuit? CO2 and pick up O2.
What type of blood does the left side Oxygenated blood from the lungs.
of the heart receive?
What are the receiving chambers of The right atrium and left atrium.
the heart?
What are the pumping chambers of The right ventricle and left ventricle.
the heart?
Where is the heart located? In the mediastinum between the second rib and fifth
intercostal space.
,Chapter 18 The Human Heart Study Guide 2026/2027 | Anatomy, Function & Circulatory Pathways
What is the size and shape of the Roughly the size of a fist, hollow and cone-shaped.
heart?
What is the pericardium? A double-walled sac that surrounds the heart.
What are the two layers of the serous The parietal layer and the visceral layer
pericardium? (epicardium).
What is pericarditis? Inflammation of the pericardium that can cause
friction rub heard with a stethoscope.
What is the myocardium? The middle layer of the heart wall made mostly of
cardiac muscle cells.
What is the endocardium? The innermost layer of the heart wall that lines heart
chambers.
What separates the right and left The interatrial septum.
atria?
, Chapter 18 The Human Heart Study Guide 2026/2027 | Anatomy, Function & Circulatory Pathways
What is the fossa ovalis? A remnant of the foramen ovale of the fetal heart
located in the interatrial septum.
What are the three systemic veins that The superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and
empty into the right atrium? coronary sinus.
What is the function of the left To pump oxygenated blood into the aorta, starting
ventricle? the systemic circuit.
What are trabeculae carneae? Irregular ridges of muscle marking the internal walls
of the ventricles.
What is the role of papillary muscles? To project into the ventricular cavity and anchor
valve cusps via chordae tendineae.
What is the largest artery in the The aorta.
body?
What is the apical impulse? The point where the heartbeat can be palpated,
located between the fifth and sixth ribs, just below
the left nipple.
What are the two main circuits of the The pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit.
heart?
What type of blood does the right Oxygen-poor blood from body tissues.
side of the heart receive?
What is the function of the pulmonary To carry blood to and from the lungs to eliminate
circuit? CO2 and pick up O2.
What type of blood does the left side Oxygenated blood from the lungs.
of the heart receive?
What are the receiving chambers of The right atrium and left atrium.
the heart?
What are the pumping chambers of The right ventricle and left ventricle.
the heart?
Where is the heart located? In the mediastinum between the second rib and fifth
intercostal space.
,Chapter 18 The Human Heart Study Guide 2026/2027 | Anatomy, Function & Circulatory Pathways
What is the size and shape of the Roughly the size of a fist, hollow and cone-shaped.
heart?
What is the pericardium? A double-walled sac that surrounds the heart.
What are the two layers of the serous The parietal layer and the visceral layer
pericardium? (epicardium).
What is pericarditis? Inflammation of the pericardium that can cause
friction rub heard with a stethoscope.
What is the myocardium? The middle layer of the heart wall made mostly of
cardiac muscle cells.
What is the endocardium? The innermost layer of the heart wall that lines heart
chambers.
What separates the right and left The interatrial septum.
atria?
, Chapter 18 The Human Heart Study Guide 2026/2027 | Anatomy, Function & Circulatory Pathways
What is the fossa ovalis? A remnant of the foramen ovale of the fetal heart
located in the interatrial septum.
What are the three systemic veins that The superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and
empty into the right atrium? coronary sinus.
What is the function of the left To pump oxygenated blood into the aorta, starting
ventricle? the systemic circuit.
What are trabeculae carneae? Irregular ridges of muscle marking the internal walls
of the ventricles.
What is the role of papillary muscles? To project into the ventricular cavity and anchor
valve cusps via chordae tendineae.
What is the largest artery in the The aorta.
body?
What is the apical impulse? The point where the heartbeat can be palpated,
located between the fifth and sixth ribs, just below
the left nipple.
