Wilkes University NSG 240 Final Exam (pdf) | 2026/2027 | NSG 240
Exam 1 Q&A | Nursing
1. Which concept refers to a state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being, not merely the absence of disease?
A) Illness
B) Wellness
C) Health
D) Homeostasis
Correct Answer: Health
Rationale: The World Health Organization defines health as a state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence
of disease. Wellness is an active process of becoming aware of and making
choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life.
2. A nurse is developing a plan of care for an older adult. Which information
will the nurse consider?
A) Should be standardized because most geriatric patients have the same
needs
B) Needs to be individualized to the patient's unique needs
C) Focuses on the disabilities that all aging persons face
D) Must be based on chronological age alone
Correct Answer: Needs to be individualized to the patient's unique needs
Rationale: Care plans must be individualized to each patient's unique needs,
preferences, and values. Standardized plans do not account for individual
differences, and focusing solely on disabilities or chronological age is limiting
and potentially ageist.
,3. A nurse is providing care to a culturally diverse population. Which action
indicates the nurse is successful in the role of providing culturally congruent
care?
A) Provides care that fits the patient's valued life patterns and set of
meanings
B) Provides care that is based on meanings generated by predetermined
criteria
C) Provides care that makes the nurse the leader in determining what is
needed
D) Provides care that is the same as the values of the professional health
care system
Correct Answer: Provides care that fits the patient's valued life patterns and
set of meanings
Rationale: Culturally congruent care involves providing care that fits the
patient's valued life patterns and set of meanings. This approach respects
the patient's cultural background and integrates it into the care plan. The
other options reflect ethnocentric or provider-centered approaches.
4. A patient asks the nurse what the term polypharmacy means. Which
information should the nurse share with the patient?
A) This is multiple side effects experienced when taking medications
B) This is many adverse drug effects reported to the pharmacy
C) This is the multiple risks of medication effects due to aging
D) This is concurrent use of many medications
Correct Answer: This is concurrent use of many medications
,Rationale: Polypharmacy is defined as the concurrent use of many
medications, often seen in older adults. It increases the risk of adverse drug
interactions and side effects. The other options describe side effects, adverse
effects, and age-related risks.
5. A female patient has been overweight for most of her life. She has tried
dieting in the past and has lost weight, only to regain it. She states she will
join a weight loss program right after the holidays, in 3 months. Which stage
of the transtheoretical model of change is the patient displaying?
A) Precontemplation
B) Contemplation
C) Preparation
D) Action
Correct Answer: Contemplation
Rationale: In the contemplation stage, the individual acknowledges the
problem and is considering making a change within the next 6 months but is
not yet ready to take action. Precontemplation involves no intention to
change, preparation involves planning to take action soon, and action
involves active behavior change.
6. Upon completion of the assessment, the nurse finds that the patient has
quit drinking and has been alcohol free for the past 2 years. Which stage of
the transtheoretical model best describes this finding?
A) Contemplation
B) Maintenance
C) Preparation
D) Action
Correct Answer: Maintenance
, Rationale: The maintenance stage involves sustaining behavior change for
more than 6 months. The patient has been alcohol-free for 2 years,
indicating successful maintenance. Action involves active change for less
than 6 months.
7. A patient had a colostomy placed 1 week ago. When approached by the
nurse, the patient and spouse refuse to talk about it and refuse to be taught
about how to care for it. Which stage of adjustment does this couple's
response reflect?
A) Shock
B) Withdrawal
C) Acceptance
D) Rehabilitation
Correct Answer: Withdrawal
Rationale: Withdrawal is a stage of adjustment characterized by refusal to
discuss the condition or participate in care. Shock involves disbelief,
acceptance involves acknowledging the condition, and rehabilitation involves
active participation in recovery.
8. A nurse is teaching about the transtheoretical model of change. In which
order will the nurse place the progression of the stages from beginning to
end?
1. Action 2. Preparation 3. Maintenance 4. Contemplation 5.
Precontemplation
A) 5, 4, 2, 1, 3
B) 2, 5, 4, 3, 1
C) 4, 5, 3, 1, 2
D) 1, 5, 2, 3, 4
Exam 1 Q&A | Nursing
1. Which concept refers to a state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being, not merely the absence of disease?
A) Illness
B) Wellness
C) Health
D) Homeostasis
Correct Answer: Health
Rationale: The World Health Organization defines health as a state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence
of disease. Wellness is an active process of becoming aware of and making
choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life.
2. A nurse is developing a plan of care for an older adult. Which information
will the nurse consider?
A) Should be standardized because most geriatric patients have the same
needs
B) Needs to be individualized to the patient's unique needs
C) Focuses on the disabilities that all aging persons face
D) Must be based on chronological age alone
Correct Answer: Needs to be individualized to the patient's unique needs
Rationale: Care plans must be individualized to each patient's unique needs,
preferences, and values. Standardized plans do not account for individual
differences, and focusing solely on disabilities or chronological age is limiting
and potentially ageist.
,3. A nurse is providing care to a culturally diverse population. Which action
indicates the nurse is successful in the role of providing culturally congruent
care?
A) Provides care that fits the patient's valued life patterns and set of
meanings
B) Provides care that is based on meanings generated by predetermined
criteria
C) Provides care that makes the nurse the leader in determining what is
needed
D) Provides care that is the same as the values of the professional health
care system
Correct Answer: Provides care that fits the patient's valued life patterns and
set of meanings
Rationale: Culturally congruent care involves providing care that fits the
patient's valued life patterns and set of meanings. This approach respects
the patient's cultural background and integrates it into the care plan. The
other options reflect ethnocentric or provider-centered approaches.
4. A patient asks the nurse what the term polypharmacy means. Which
information should the nurse share with the patient?
A) This is multiple side effects experienced when taking medications
B) This is many adverse drug effects reported to the pharmacy
C) This is the multiple risks of medication effects due to aging
D) This is concurrent use of many medications
Correct Answer: This is concurrent use of many medications
,Rationale: Polypharmacy is defined as the concurrent use of many
medications, often seen in older adults. It increases the risk of adverse drug
interactions and side effects. The other options describe side effects, adverse
effects, and age-related risks.
5. A female patient has been overweight for most of her life. She has tried
dieting in the past and has lost weight, only to regain it. She states she will
join a weight loss program right after the holidays, in 3 months. Which stage
of the transtheoretical model of change is the patient displaying?
A) Precontemplation
B) Contemplation
C) Preparation
D) Action
Correct Answer: Contemplation
Rationale: In the contemplation stage, the individual acknowledges the
problem and is considering making a change within the next 6 months but is
not yet ready to take action. Precontemplation involves no intention to
change, preparation involves planning to take action soon, and action
involves active behavior change.
6. Upon completion of the assessment, the nurse finds that the patient has
quit drinking and has been alcohol free for the past 2 years. Which stage of
the transtheoretical model best describes this finding?
A) Contemplation
B) Maintenance
C) Preparation
D) Action
Correct Answer: Maintenance
, Rationale: The maintenance stage involves sustaining behavior change for
more than 6 months. The patient has been alcohol-free for 2 years,
indicating successful maintenance. Action involves active change for less
than 6 months.
7. A patient had a colostomy placed 1 week ago. When approached by the
nurse, the patient and spouse refuse to talk about it and refuse to be taught
about how to care for it. Which stage of adjustment does this couple's
response reflect?
A) Shock
B) Withdrawal
C) Acceptance
D) Rehabilitation
Correct Answer: Withdrawal
Rationale: Withdrawal is a stage of adjustment characterized by refusal to
discuss the condition or participate in care. Shock involves disbelief,
acceptance involves acknowledging the condition, and rehabilitation involves
active participation in recovery.
8. A nurse is teaching about the transtheoretical model of change. In which
order will the nurse place the progression of the stages from beginning to
end?
1. Action 2. Preparation 3. Maintenance 4. Contemplation 5.
Precontemplation
A) 5, 4, 2, 1, 3
B) 2, 5, 4, 3, 1
C) 4, 5, 3, 1, 2
D) 1, 5, 2, 3, 4
