VATI: Fundamentals – Pre-Assessment Quiz 2026/2027 A+ Grade Verified
Questions & Answers with Rationales
A nurse is caring for a client who has returned to the unit following a surgical procedure. The client's
oxygen saturation is 85%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first ?
A. Administer O2 at 2L/min
B. Administer prescribed analgesic med
C. Encourage coughing and deep breathing
D. Raise the head of the bed - (answer)D. Raise the head of the bed
Elevating the head of the bed uses gravity to reduce pressure on the diaphragm from the abdominal
organs and allows for increased expansion of the lungs. The head and neck can be extended, which
promotes a patent airway. This is the first action the nurse should take and is the least invasive.
A. The nurse should assess the client further and implement less invasive interventions before applying
oxygen at 2 L/min.
B. Pain management promotes increased participation by the client in coughing and deep breathing,
frequent position changes and use of the incentive spirometer, but this is not the first action the nurse
should take.
C. Coughing and deep breathing promotes lung expansion and prevents respiratory infection, but these
actions are not effective immediately in increasing oxygen saturation.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has neutropenia. Which of the following information should
the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables
B. Avoid crowds
C. Perform mild exercise, such as gardening
D. Take temperatures weekly - (answer)B. Avoid crowds
The nurse should inform the client to avoid crowds due to his suppressed immune system.
A. The nurse should inform a client who is neutropenic to avoid fresh fruits and vegetables due to the
bacteria they can carry.
C. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid gardening due bacteria contained in the soil.
,VATI: Fundamentals – Pre-Assessment Quiz 2026/2027 A+ Grade Verified
Questions & Answers with Rationales
D. A client who is neutropenic can experience a 1° increase from his baseline temperature, even in the
presence of infection. Therefore, the nurse should recommend the client take his temperature at least
once daily.
A nurse is assessing a client following the application of an aquathermia pad. Which of the following is
the first indication to the nurse that the client is experiencing a superficial burn injury to the application
site?
A. Blistering
B. Erythema
C. Eschar
D. Absence of pain - (answer)B. Erythema
Erythema is an indication that the client has experienced a superficial burn with damage limited to the
epidermis. Other manifestations include edema, pain, and increased sensitivity to heat.
A. Blistering is an indication of a superficial partial thickness burn, involving injury to the upper third of
the dermis. These injuries also are pink and moist, blanch to pressure and are very painful.
C. Eschar is seen in clients who have a full thickness wound involving the epidermis and dermis. This is
dead tissue that must be removed for healing to occur
D. A thermal injury that is not painful can be classified as a deep full-thickness burn which extends into
muscle, bone, or tendons.
A nurse in a long-tern care facility enters the day room and finds the window curtains on fire. Clients are
panicking and the room is filling with smoke. Indicate the emergency actions the nurse must take.
Activate the fire alarm.
Extinguish the fire.
Close the door.
Remove the clients from the room. - (answer)Remove the clients from the room.
Activate the fire alarm.
, VATI: Fundamentals – Pre-Assessment Quiz 2026/2027 A+ Grade Verified
Questions & Answers with Rationales
Close the door.
Extinguish the fire.
In the event of a fire, it is helpful to recall the mnemonic RACE to prioritize the actions to take: R - Rescue
and remove the clients, A - Activate the alarm, C - Confine the fire, and E - Extinguish the fire. The nurse's
priority action is to remove the clients from the room. The nurse should then sound the fire alarm and
close the door to confine the fire. Finally and if possible, the nurse should extinguish the fire.
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who is postoperative. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include in the plan of prevent pulmonary complications?
A. Perform ROM exercises
B. Place suction equipment at the bedside
C. Encourage the use of an incentive spirometer
D. Administer an expectorant - (answer)C. Encourage the use of an incentive spirometer.
Incentive spirometry expands the lungs and promotes gas exchange after surgery which can help prevent
pulmonary complications.
A. This is not indicated to prevent pulmonary complications, but early ambulation is helpful to promote
lung expansion and remove secretions.
B. Suction equipment should be readily available if needed, but its presence does not prevent pulmonary
complications.
D. Administering an expectorant is not indicated to prevent pulmonary complications, but the nurse
should encourage the client to cough and deep breathe.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following information
should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "You can expect fecal output within 24 hours."
B. "You will need to increase your dietary intake of raw vegetables."
C. "You can expect the stoma to be purplish in color for the first week."
Questions & Answers with Rationales
A nurse is caring for a client who has returned to the unit following a surgical procedure. The client's
oxygen saturation is 85%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first ?
A. Administer O2 at 2L/min
B. Administer prescribed analgesic med
C. Encourage coughing and deep breathing
D. Raise the head of the bed - (answer)D. Raise the head of the bed
Elevating the head of the bed uses gravity to reduce pressure on the diaphragm from the abdominal
organs and allows for increased expansion of the lungs. The head and neck can be extended, which
promotes a patent airway. This is the first action the nurse should take and is the least invasive.
A. The nurse should assess the client further and implement less invasive interventions before applying
oxygen at 2 L/min.
B. Pain management promotes increased participation by the client in coughing and deep breathing,
frequent position changes and use of the incentive spirometer, but this is not the first action the nurse
should take.
C. Coughing and deep breathing promotes lung expansion and prevents respiratory infection, but these
actions are not effective immediately in increasing oxygen saturation.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has neutropenia. Which of the following information should
the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables
B. Avoid crowds
C. Perform mild exercise, such as gardening
D. Take temperatures weekly - (answer)B. Avoid crowds
The nurse should inform the client to avoid crowds due to his suppressed immune system.
A. The nurse should inform a client who is neutropenic to avoid fresh fruits and vegetables due to the
bacteria they can carry.
C. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid gardening due bacteria contained in the soil.
,VATI: Fundamentals – Pre-Assessment Quiz 2026/2027 A+ Grade Verified
Questions & Answers with Rationales
D. A client who is neutropenic can experience a 1° increase from his baseline temperature, even in the
presence of infection. Therefore, the nurse should recommend the client take his temperature at least
once daily.
A nurse is assessing a client following the application of an aquathermia pad. Which of the following is
the first indication to the nurse that the client is experiencing a superficial burn injury to the application
site?
A. Blistering
B. Erythema
C. Eschar
D. Absence of pain - (answer)B. Erythema
Erythema is an indication that the client has experienced a superficial burn with damage limited to the
epidermis. Other manifestations include edema, pain, and increased sensitivity to heat.
A. Blistering is an indication of a superficial partial thickness burn, involving injury to the upper third of
the dermis. These injuries also are pink and moist, blanch to pressure and are very painful.
C. Eschar is seen in clients who have a full thickness wound involving the epidermis and dermis. This is
dead tissue that must be removed for healing to occur
D. A thermal injury that is not painful can be classified as a deep full-thickness burn which extends into
muscle, bone, or tendons.
A nurse in a long-tern care facility enters the day room and finds the window curtains on fire. Clients are
panicking and the room is filling with smoke. Indicate the emergency actions the nurse must take.
Activate the fire alarm.
Extinguish the fire.
Close the door.
Remove the clients from the room. - (answer)Remove the clients from the room.
Activate the fire alarm.
, VATI: Fundamentals – Pre-Assessment Quiz 2026/2027 A+ Grade Verified
Questions & Answers with Rationales
Close the door.
Extinguish the fire.
In the event of a fire, it is helpful to recall the mnemonic RACE to prioritize the actions to take: R - Rescue
and remove the clients, A - Activate the alarm, C - Confine the fire, and E - Extinguish the fire. The nurse's
priority action is to remove the clients from the room. The nurse should then sound the fire alarm and
close the door to confine the fire. Finally and if possible, the nurse should extinguish the fire.
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who is postoperative. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include in the plan of prevent pulmonary complications?
A. Perform ROM exercises
B. Place suction equipment at the bedside
C. Encourage the use of an incentive spirometer
D. Administer an expectorant - (answer)C. Encourage the use of an incentive spirometer.
Incentive spirometry expands the lungs and promotes gas exchange after surgery which can help prevent
pulmonary complications.
A. This is not indicated to prevent pulmonary complications, but early ambulation is helpful to promote
lung expansion and remove secretions.
B. Suction equipment should be readily available if needed, but its presence does not prevent pulmonary
complications.
D. Administering an expectorant is not indicated to prevent pulmonary complications, but the nurse
should encourage the client to cough and deep breathe.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following information
should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "You can expect fecal output within 24 hours."
B. "You will need to increase your dietary intake of raw vegetables."
C. "You can expect the stoma to be purplish in color for the first week."
