BIOD 152 Module 3 Exam: Special Senses 2026/2027 UPDATE
1. Which layer of the eye is also known as the vascular tunic and
contains the choroid?
A. Fibrous tunic
B. Neural tunic
C. Vascular tunic
D. Sclera
Answer: C
Rationale: The vascular tunic (uvea) is the middle layer of the eye, containing the choroid,
ciliary body, and iris.
2. Which structure is responsible for the ‘blind spot’ in the visual field?
A. Fovea centralis
B. Ora serrata
C. Macula lutea
D. Optic disc
Answer: D
Rationale: The optic disc is the site where the optic nerve exits the eyeball; it lacks
photoreceptors, creating a blind spot.
,3. The adjustment of the lens shape to focus on near objects is called:
A. Accommodation
B. Convergence
C. Refraction
D. Adaptation
Answer: A
Rationale: Accommodation is the process by which the ciliary muscles change the
curvature of the lens to focus on objects at varying distances.
4. Which photoreceptors are highly sensitive to light and allow for vision in dim
light?
A. Cones
B. Rods
C. Bipolar cells
D. Ganglion cells
Answer: B
Rationale: Rods are responsible for vision in low-light conditions (scotopic vision),
whereas cones handle color and high-acuity vision.
5. The fluid found within the anterior cavity of the eye is known as:
A. Vitreous humor
B. Perilymph
C. Endolymph
D. Aqueous humor
Answer: D
Rationale: Aqueous humor fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the anterior cavity
and helps maintain intraocular pressure.
, 6. Which cranial nerve transmits sensory information for equilibrium from the
inner ear?
A. CN VIII
B. CN VII
C. CN II
D. CN X
Answer: A
Rationale: The vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) carries sensory information for both
hearing and equilibrium to the brain.
7. The auditory ossicle that attaches directly to the tympanic membrane is the:
A. Incus
B. Stapes
C. Malleus
D. Labyrinth
Answer: C
Rationale: The malleus (hammer) is the first of the three ossicles and is attached to the
inner surface of the eardrum.
8. What structure separates the external ear from the middle ear?
A. Oval window
B. Tympanic membrane
C. Round window
D. Auricle
Answer: B
Rationale: The tympanic membrane, or eardrum, serves as the boundary between the
external auditory canal and the middle ear cavity.
1. Which layer of the eye is also known as the vascular tunic and
contains the choroid?
A. Fibrous tunic
B. Neural tunic
C. Vascular tunic
D. Sclera
Answer: C
Rationale: The vascular tunic (uvea) is the middle layer of the eye, containing the choroid,
ciliary body, and iris.
2. Which structure is responsible for the ‘blind spot’ in the visual field?
A. Fovea centralis
B. Ora serrata
C. Macula lutea
D. Optic disc
Answer: D
Rationale: The optic disc is the site where the optic nerve exits the eyeball; it lacks
photoreceptors, creating a blind spot.
,3. The adjustment of the lens shape to focus on near objects is called:
A. Accommodation
B. Convergence
C. Refraction
D. Adaptation
Answer: A
Rationale: Accommodation is the process by which the ciliary muscles change the
curvature of the lens to focus on objects at varying distances.
4. Which photoreceptors are highly sensitive to light and allow for vision in dim
light?
A. Cones
B. Rods
C. Bipolar cells
D. Ganglion cells
Answer: B
Rationale: Rods are responsible for vision in low-light conditions (scotopic vision),
whereas cones handle color and high-acuity vision.
5. The fluid found within the anterior cavity of the eye is known as:
A. Vitreous humor
B. Perilymph
C. Endolymph
D. Aqueous humor
Answer: D
Rationale: Aqueous humor fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the anterior cavity
and helps maintain intraocular pressure.
, 6. Which cranial nerve transmits sensory information for equilibrium from the
inner ear?
A. CN VIII
B. CN VII
C. CN II
D. CN X
Answer: A
Rationale: The vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) carries sensory information for both
hearing and equilibrium to the brain.
7. The auditory ossicle that attaches directly to the tympanic membrane is the:
A. Incus
B. Stapes
C. Malleus
D. Labyrinth
Answer: C
Rationale: The malleus (hammer) is the first of the three ossicles and is attached to the
inner surface of the eardrum.
8. What structure separates the external ear from the middle ear?
A. Oval window
B. Tympanic membrane
C. Round window
D. Auricle
Answer: B
Rationale: The tympanic membrane, or eardrum, serves as the boundary between the
external auditory canal and the middle ear cavity.
