Galen College NU 131 Exam 1 (pdf) | 2026/2027 | Nursing and
Healthcare I Q&A | Nursing
1. Which historical figure is considered the founder of modern nursing and
emphasized the impact of environment on health?
A) Clara Barton
B) Lillian Wald
C) Florence Nightingale
D) Dorothea Dix
Correct Answer: Florence Nightingale
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is recognized as the founder of modern
nursing. She established modern nursing principles, stressing the importance
of cleanliness, fresh air, light, careful observation, and holistic care. She
reformed hospital sanitation and founded the first secular nursing school.
2. Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing included all of the following
EXCEPT:
A) Stressing the importance of a clean environment
B) Promoting frequent hand washing
C) Founding the American Red Cross
D) Using evidence-based practice and critical thinking
Correct Answer: Founding the American Red Cross
Rationale: Florence Nightingale lowered the death rate of hospitalized
soldiers by providing clean water, promoting frequent hand washing, and
establishing appropriate sanitation measures. She cared for the whole person
and emphasized evidence-based practice and critical thinking. The American
Red Cross was founded by Clara Barton in 1881.
,3. Who founded the American Red Cross in 1881?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Mary Seacole
C) Clara Barton
D) Linda Richards
Correct Answer: Clara Barton
Rationale: Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in 1881. Florence
Nightingale is known as the founder of modern nursing, Mary Seacole was a
Jamaican nurse who treated soldiers during the Crimean War, and Linda
Richards was the first trained nurse in the United States.
4. Lillian Wald is best known for her contributions to:
A) Military nursing
B) Public health nursing
C) Nursing education
D) Hospital administration
Correct Answer: Public health nursing
Rationale: Lillian Wald pioneered public health nursing. She founded the
Henry Street Settlement to provide nursing services to immigrants,
emphasizing community health and preventive care.
5. Dorothea Dix is known for her advocacy for:
A) The American Red Cross
,B) The mentally ill
C) Public health nursing
D) Nursing education
Correct Answer: The mentally ill
Rationale: Dorothea Dix advocated for the mentally ill and organized a corps
of female nurses during the Civil War. She was a key figure in the movement
to improve conditions for individuals with mental illness.
6. Mary Seacole was a Jamaican nurse who treated soldiers during which
war?
A) American Civil War
B) World War I
C) Crimean War
D) World War II
Correct Answer: Crimean War
Rationale: Mary Seacole was a Jamaican nurse who treated soldiers during
the Crimean War using tropical medicine and herbs. She was a contemporary
of Florence Nightingale.
7. The first school of nursing, where Florence Nightingale received training,
was located in:
A) London, England
B) Kaiserswerth, Germany
C) Paris, France
D) Edinburgh, Scotland
, Correct Answer: Kaiserswerth, Germany
Rationale: The Kaiserswerth Deaconess Institute, founded in 1836, trained
Nightingale and influenced her later work. She attended for several months
in 1851, learning basic nursing care and hospital organization.
8. Why is it important for nurses to study the history of nursing?
A) To memorize dates and names for exams
B) To understand how far the profession has come and current issues
C) To learn about medical treatments
D) To understand hospital administration
Correct Answer: To understand how far the profession has come and current
issues
Rationale: Studying the history of nursing helps nurses understand the
profession's current issues, such as education, regulation, pay, and
autonomy. It provides context for the evolution of nursing practice.
9. Which state passed the first practical nurse licensure law in 1914?
A) New York
B) California
C) Mississippi
D) Massachusetts
Correct Answer: Mississippi
Healthcare I Q&A | Nursing
1. Which historical figure is considered the founder of modern nursing and
emphasized the impact of environment on health?
A) Clara Barton
B) Lillian Wald
C) Florence Nightingale
D) Dorothea Dix
Correct Answer: Florence Nightingale
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is recognized as the founder of modern
nursing. She established modern nursing principles, stressing the importance
of cleanliness, fresh air, light, careful observation, and holistic care. She
reformed hospital sanitation and founded the first secular nursing school.
2. Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing included all of the following
EXCEPT:
A) Stressing the importance of a clean environment
B) Promoting frequent hand washing
C) Founding the American Red Cross
D) Using evidence-based practice and critical thinking
Correct Answer: Founding the American Red Cross
Rationale: Florence Nightingale lowered the death rate of hospitalized
soldiers by providing clean water, promoting frequent hand washing, and
establishing appropriate sanitation measures. She cared for the whole person
and emphasized evidence-based practice and critical thinking. The American
Red Cross was founded by Clara Barton in 1881.
,3. Who founded the American Red Cross in 1881?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Mary Seacole
C) Clara Barton
D) Linda Richards
Correct Answer: Clara Barton
Rationale: Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in 1881. Florence
Nightingale is known as the founder of modern nursing, Mary Seacole was a
Jamaican nurse who treated soldiers during the Crimean War, and Linda
Richards was the first trained nurse in the United States.
4. Lillian Wald is best known for her contributions to:
A) Military nursing
B) Public health nursing
C) Nursing education
D) Hospital administration
Correct Answer: Public health nursing
Rationale: Lillian Wald pioneered public health nursing. She founded the
Henry Street Settlement to provide nursing services to immigrants,
emphasizing community health and preventive care.
5. Dorothea Dix is known for her advocacy for:
A) The American Red Cross
,B) The mentally ill
C) Public health nursing
D) Nursing education
Correct Answer: The mentally ill
Rationale: Dorothea Dix advocated for the mentally ill and organized a corps
of female nurses during the Civil War. She was a key figure in the movement
to improve conditions for individuals with mental illness.
6. Mary Seacole was a Jamaican nurse who treated soldiers during which
war?
A) American Civil War
B) World War I
C) Crimean War
D) World War II
Correct Answer: Crimean War
Rationale: Mary Seacole was a Jamaican nurse who treated soldiers during
the Crimean War using tropical medicine and herbs. She was a contemporary
of Florence Nightingale.
7. The first school of nursing, where Florence Nightingale received training,
was located in:
A) London, England
B) Kaiserswerth, Germany
C) Paris, France
D) Edinburgh, Scotland
, Correct Answer: Kaiserswerth, Germany
Rationale: The Kaiserswerth Deaconess Institute, founded in 1836, trained
Nightingale and influenced her later work. She attended for several months
in 1851, learning basic nursing care and hospital organization.
8. Why is it important for nurses to study the history of nursing?
A) To memorize dates and names for exams
B) To understand how far the profession has come and current issues
C) To learn about medical treatments
D) To understand hospital administration
Correct Answer: To understand how far the profession has come and current
issues
Rationale: Studying the history of nursing helps nurses understand the
profession's current issues, such as education, regulation, pay, and
autonomy. It provides context for the evolution of nursing practice.
9. Which state passed the first practical nurse licensure law in 1914?
A) New York
B) California
C) Mississippi
D) Massachusetts
Correct Answer: Mississippi
