NUR 231 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 – COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & EXAM REVIEW
independent thinking - do not believe everything they are told; challenge actions and policies
intellectual curiosity - ask questions such as what if or how could this be done better?; want to learn
intellectual humility - ask for help when needed
intellectual empathy - understand the feelings of others
intellectual courage - unafraid of change or rejecting others ideas
intellectual perseverance - give important questions/situations serious thought
fair mindedness - make impartial judgements; realize their own personal biases and beliefs
Phases of the Nursing Process - Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
assessment - Systematic gathering of information related to the physiological, psychological,
sociocultural, developmental, & spiritual status of an individual, group, or community
subjective data - as told by the patient; reveal perspective
objective data - Gathered through physical assessment or from lab/diagnostic tests
initial assessment - completed when client first comes to facility; provides guidance for care & determine
the need for further assessment
ongoing assessment - Performed as needed; observations at each contact
comprehensive assessment - Provides holistic information about the client's overall health status;
observation, physical assessment, & nursing interview
focused assessment - obtain information about actual or possible problem
special needs assessment - Provides in-depth information about area of client functioning
directive interview - obtain factual, easily categorized information (age, sex) or in an emergency
situation; asks closed questions
, nondirective interview - allow patient to control subject matter, ask open-ended questions, allows you to
find out what is important to the patient but can be time consuming
nursing diagnosis - A statement of client health status that nurses can identify, prevent, or treat
independently
types of nursing diagnosis - Actual
Risk
Possible
Syndrome
Wellness
NANDA-1 Nursing Diagnosis Components - diagnostic label, definition, defining characteristics, related
factors, risk factors
discharge planning - need to know what to do when they get home; discharge planning begins at initial
assessment and throughout hospital stay to prevent fire hosing them with information
short term goals - To be achieved within a few hours or days
long term goals - to be achieved over a longer period of time; weeks-months
components of a goal statement - Subject
Action
Performance criteria
Target time
Special conditions
NOC - Nursing Outcomes Classification; outcome label, indicators, measurement scale
The Clinical Care Classification System - home health; individualized
The Omaha System - community health; education oriented
independent intervention - those that nurses are licensed to prescribe, perform or delegate based on
their knowledge and skills
dependent intervention - prescribed by MD but carried out by bedside nurse
interdependent intervention - carried out in collaboration with other health team members
NANDA - diagnosis
NOC is used for? - outcomes
NIC - Nursing Interventions Classification; interventions
5 rights of delegation - right task
QUESTIONS & EXAM REVIEW
independent thinking - do not believe everything they are told; challenge actions and policies
intellectual curiosity - ask questions such as what if or how could this be done better?; want to learn
intellectual humility - ask for help when needed
intellectual empathy - understand the feelings of others
intellectual courage - unafraid of change or rejecting others ideas
intellectual perseverance - give important questions/situations serious thought
fair mindedness - make impartial judgements; realize their own personal biases and beliefs
Phases of the Nursing Process - Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
assessment - Systematic gathering of information related to the physiological, psychological,
sociocultural, developmental, & spiritual status of an individual, group, or community
subjective data - as told by the patient; reveal perspective
objective data - Gathered through physical assessment or from lab/diagnostic tests
initial assessment - completed when client first comes to facility; provides guidance for care & determine
the need for further assessment
ongoing assessment - Performed as needed; observations at each contact
comprehensive assessment - Provides holistic information about the client's overall health status;
observation, physical assessment, & nursing interview
focused assessment - obtain information about actual or possible problem
special needs assessment - Provides in-depth information about area of client functioning
directive interview - obtain factual, easily categorized information (age, sex) or in an emergency
situation; asks closed questions
, nondirective interview - allow patient to control subject matter, ask open-ended questions, allows you to
find out what is important to the patient but can be time consuming
nursing diagnosis - A statement of client health status that nurses can identify, prevent, or treat
independently
types of nursing diagnosis - Actual
Risk
Possible
Syndrome
Wellness
NANDA-1 Nursing Diagnosis Components - diagnostic label, definition, defining characteristics, related
factors, risk factors
discharge planning - need to know what to do when they get home; discharge planning begins at initial
assessment and throughout hospital stay to prevent fire hosing them with information
short term goals - To be achieved within a few hours or days
long term goals - to be achieved over a longer period of time; weeks-months
components of a goal statement - Subject
Action
Performance criteria
Target time
Special conditions
NOC - Nursing Outcomes Classification; outcome label, indicators, measurement scale
The Clinical Care Classification System - home health; individualized
The Omaha System - community health; education oriented
independent intervention - those that nurses are licensed to prescribe, perform or delegate based on
their knowledge and skills
dependent intervention - prescribed by MD but carried out by bedside nurse
interdependent intervention - carried out in collaboration with other health team members
NANDA - diagnosis
NOC is used for? - outcomes
NIC - Nursing Interventions Classification; interventions
5 rights of delegation - right task
