EP IBHRE CARDIAC
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY REVIEW 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS TESTED
QUESTIONS.
◉ "In a normal axis on a 12 lead ECG:
a. Lead I is negative and AVR is positive
b. Lead I is positive and V1 is positive
c. Lead I is positive and AVF is positive
d. Lead I is positive and V5 and V6 are negative
". Answer: C. Lead I is positive and AVF is positive
◉ "What effect does Diltiazem have on the AV node?
a. Slows conduction by blocking calcium channels
b. Prolongs the refractory period by blocking the sodium channels
c. Increases the HV interval by blocking the calcium channels
d. None". Answer: a. slows conduction by blocking calcium channels
◉ "Class II AA drugs do all of the following except:
a. Decrease sympathetic tone
,b. Increase refractory period
c. Beta blockade
d. Affect SA and AV node". Answer: b. increase refractory period
◉ "Conduction times over a conventional pathway is typically rate
dependent, i.e., VA and AV times remain constant with incremental
pacing. A specific difference to this is demonstrated in what type of
pathway which demonstrate decremental property similar to the AV
node:
a. Mahaim fiber
b. James fiber
c. Nodofasicular fiber
d. Both A and C
e. None of the above
". Answer: d. Both A and C
◉ "All of the following are located at or near the CS os EXCEPT:
a. christa terminalis
b. tricuspid annulus
c. eustachian ridge
d. thebesian valve
". Answer: a. crista terminalis
,◉ "The time from electrical depolarization to mechanical systole is:
a. evoked response interval
b. pre-ejection interval
c. Q-T interval
d. dV/dT
". Answer: a. evoked response interval
◉ "What type of procedure would most likely be performed on a patient
with HOCM
a. mustard procedure
b. blalock taussing shunt
c. septal myectomy
d. fontan procedure
". Answer: c. septal myectomy
◉ "A new study showed the result of a head to head comparison of
DRUG A versus DRUG B outcomes. The difference between the two
drugs was shown to have P value of 0.15. Based on these findings:
a. DRUG A showed a significant outcome based on this trial
b. DRUG B showed a significant outcome based on this trial
c. Neither showed a significant outcome based on this trial
d. DRUG A showed an inferior outcome based on this trial
". Answer: c. neither showed a significant outcome based on this trial
, ◉ "A 30 year old patient with a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
and Ventricular tachycardia has been seen in the device clinic. The
interrogation shows an increase in the pacing threshold, as well as 2
failed shocks for VF which broke spontaneously after the episodes. The
patient states his cardiologist changed a drug to help with his atrial
fibrillation. Which drug would you suspect:
a. Amiodarone
b. Metoprolol
c. Flecainide
d. None
". Answer: c. Flecainide
◉ "Ablation of isthmus dependent typical flutter is performed by
connecting which two anatomic structures ?
a. The eustachian ridge to the tendon of todaro
b. The tricuspid valve to the foramen ovale
c. The mitral valve to the left inferior pulmonary vein
d. The tricuspid valve to the eustachian ridge
". Answer: d. The tricuspid valve to the eustachian ridge
◉ "The shortest coupling interval that allows impulse propagation is
termed:
a. Effective refractory period (ERP)
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY REVIEW 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS TESTED
QUESTIONS.
◉ "In a normal axis on a 12 lead ECG:
a. Lead I is negative and AVR is positive
b. Lead I is positive and V1 is positive
c. Lead I is positive and AVF is positive
d. Lead I is positive and V5 and V6 are negative
". Answer: C. Lead I is positive and AVF is positive
◉ "What effect does Diltiazem have on the AV node?
a. Slows conduction by blocking calcium channels
b. Prolongs the refractory period by blocking the sodium channels
c. Increases the HV interval by blocking the calcium channels
d. None". Answer: a. slows conduction by blocking calcium channels
◉ "Class II AA drugs do all of the following except:
a. Decrease sympathetic tone
,b. Increase refractory period
c. Beta blockade
d. Affect SA and AV node". Answer: b. increase refractory period
◉ "Conduction times over a conventional pathway is typically rate
dependent, i.e., VA and AV times remain constant with incremental
pacing. A specific difference to this is demonstrated in what type of
pathway which demonstrate decremental property similar to the AV
node:
a. Mahaim fiber
b. James fiber
c. Nodofasicular fiber
d. Both A and C
e. None of the above
". Answer: d. Both A and C
◉ "All of the following are located at or near the CS os EXCEPT:
a. christa terminalis
b. tricuspid annulus
c. eustachian ridge
d. thebesian valve
". Answer: a. crista terminalis
,◉ "The time from electrical depolarization to mechanical systole is:
a. evoked response interval
b. pre-ejection interval
c. Q-T interval
d. dV/dT
". Answer: a. evoked response interval
◉ "What type of procedure would most likely be performed on a patient
with HOCM
a. mustard procedure
b. blalock taussing shunt
c. septal myectomy
d. fontan procedure
". Answer: c. septal myectomy
◉ "A new study showed the result of a head to head comparison of
DRUG A versus DRUG B outcomes. The difference between the two
drugs was shown to have P value of 0.15. Based on these findings:
a. DRUG A showed a significant outcome based on this trial
b. DRUG B showed a significant outcome based on this trial
c. Neither showed a significant outcome based on this trial
d. DRUG A showed an inferior outcome based on this trial
". Answer: c. neither showed a significant outcome based on this trial
, ◉ "A 30 year old patient with a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
and Ventricular tachycardia has been seen in the device clinic. The
interrogation shows an increase in the pacing threshold, as well as 2
failed shocks for VF which broke spontaneously after the episodes. The
patient states his cardiologist changed a drug to help with his atrial
fibrillation. Which drug would you suspect:
a. Amiodarone
b. Metoprolol
c. Flecainide
d. None
". Answer: c. Flecainide
◉ "Ablation of isthmus dependent typical flutter is performed by
connecting which two anatomic structures ?
a. The eustachian ridge to the tendon of todaro
b. The tricuspid valve to the foramen ovale
c. The mitral valve to the left inferior pulmonary vein
d. The tricuspid valve to the eustachian ridge
". Answer: d. The tricuspid valve to the eustachian ridge
◉ "The shortest coupling interval that allows impulse propagation is
termed:
a. Effective refractory period (ERP)
