NU 189 / NU189 Galen College of Nursing – Complete 200-Question Exam Study Document

NU 189 / NU189 Galen College of Nursing – Complete 200-Question Exam Study Document SECTION 1: Pediatric & Prioritization Question 1. In a pediatric emergency, which patient should the nurse prioritize? A. A 2-year-old with a fever of 101°F B. A 5-year-old with cystic fibrosis C. A 10-year-old with a fractured arm D. A 3-month-old with mild dehydration Correct Answer: B Rationale: The 5-year-old with cystic fibrosis (CF) is at highest risk for respiratory compromise and should be prioritized. CF patients have thick secretions and are prone to pulmonary exacerbations that can rapidly become life-threatening. Question 2. What position should the patient be placed in for NG tube insertion? A. Supine position B. Trendelenburg position C. High Fowler’s position D. Side-lying position Correct Answer: C Rationale: High Fowler’s position (sitting at 90 degrees) facilitates passage of the NG tube through the esophagus and into the stomach by aligning the GI tract and reducing the risk of aspiration. Question 3. Which of the following is the correct sequence for NG tube placement? A. Attach to suction → Tilt head forward → Measure and mark tube → Lubricate tip → Ask client to drink/swallow B. Lubricate tip → Tilt head forward → Ask client to drink/swallow → Attach to low suction C. Lubricate tip → Measure and mark tube with tape → Tilt head forward → Ask client to drink/swallow → Attach to low suction D. Measure and mark tube → Lubricate tip → Ask client to drink/swallow → Attach to suction → Tilt head forward Correct Answer: C Rationale: The proper sequence is: lubricate the tip, measure and mark the tube with tape, tilt the head forward, ask the client to drink or swallow, then attach to low suction. This ensures proper placement and patient comfort. Question 4. What should be monitored regularly in a patient with Addison’s disease? A. Blood glucose levels B. Blood pressure regularly C. Serum potassium levels D. Respiratory rate Correct Answer: B Rationale: Addison’s disease involves adrenal insufficiency leading to hypotension. Blood pressure should be monitored regularly to detect and prevent hypovolemic shock and adrenal crisis. Question 5. What is a complication of acute kidney injury in the post-operative period? A. Serum potassium of 3.5 mEq/L B. Creatinine level of 2.1 mg/dL C. BUN of 8 mg/dL D. Urine output of 60 mL/hour Correct Answer: B Rationale: A creatinine level of 2.1 mg/dL is elevated and indicates acute kidney injury. Normal creatinine ranges from 0.6–1.2 mg/dL, and elevation suggests impaired kidney function. Question 6. Which signs/symptoms indicate a complication of an IV infusion site with superficial thrombophlebitis? A. Pallor and coolness B. Warmth around the insertion site C. Severe itching and rash D. Numbness and tingling Correct Answer: B Rationale: Superficial thrombophlebitis is characterized by warmth, redness, tenderness, and a palpable cord along the vein at the IV site. This indicates inflammation and clot formation. Question 7. What is a thoracotomy? A. Incision into the chest cavity B. Removal of a lung lobe C. Drainage of pleural fluid D. Surgical repair of the heart Correct Answer: A Rationale: A thoracotomy is a surgical incision into the chest cavity, typically performed to access the lungs, heart, or esophagus for various procedures. SECTION 2: Respiratory & Chest Tubes Question 8. What should the nurse continue to monitor for someone with a closed chest tube drainage system? A. Fluid intake and output B. Respiratory status C. Blood glucose levels D. Bowel sounds Correct Answer: B Rationale: Respiratory status is critical to monitor in a patient with a chest tube to detect pneumothorax, hemothorax, or reaccumulation of fluid that could compromise breathing. Question 9. If you observe slow, steady bubbling in the suction control chamber of a closed chest tube drainage system, what does this indicate? A. An air leak in the system B. A blockage in the chest tube C. It is normal D. The suction pressure is too high Correct Answer: C Rationale: Slow, steady bubbling in the suction control chamber is normal and indicates that suction is being appropriately applied. Continuous, vigorous bubbling or intermittent bubbling may indicate an air leak.