BIO 201 EXAM SCRIPT TESTED QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS 100 PERCENT CORRECT
◉ Caudal. Answer: toward the tail
◉ Major portions of the brain. Answer: Brain stem, Cerebrum,
cerebellum
◉ Cerebrum is ___% of brain volume. Answer: 83
◉ Cerebellum contains ___% of the neurons. Answer: 50
◉ The brain weighs ___ pounds. Answer: 3.5
◉ Longitudinal Fissure. Answer: separates 2 cerebral hemispheres
(left/right)
◉ Central Sulcus. Answer: Separates frontal & parietal lobe
◉ Gyri. Answer: folds
◉ Sulci. Answer: grooves
,◉ cortex. Answer: surface layer of gray matter
◉ nuclei. Answer: deeper masses of gray matter
◉ tracts. Answer: bundles of axons
◉ gray matter. Answer: neuron cell bodies, dendrites & synapses
-forms cortex over cerebrum & cerebellum
-forms nuclei deep with in brain
◉ white matter. Answer: bundles of axons
-forms tracts that connect parts of the brain
◉ Meninges. Answer: Dura Mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
◉ Dura mater. Answer: outermost, tough membrane
-outer periosteal layer against bone
-inner meningeal layer
-subdural space (below dura mater)
-where separated from inner meningeal layer forms dural venous
sinusesdraining blood from brain
◉ supportive structures formed by dura mater. Answer: falx cerebri,
falx cerebelli & tentorium cerebelli
,◉ Arachnoid mater. Answer: spider web filamentous layer
◉ Pia mater. Answer: a thin vascular layer adherent to contours of
brain
◉ Meningitis. Answer: Inflammation of the meninges
-bacterial & virus invasion of the CNS by way of the nose & throat
-signs: high fever, stiff neck, drowsiness & intense headache which
could lead to coma
-diagnose by examining the CSF fluid for bacteria
◉ Lumbar puncture. Answer: (spinal tap) check spinal fluid
-draws fluid from subarachnoid space between two lumbar vertebrae
◉ Lateral ventricles. Answer: found inside the cerebral hemispheres
◉ Third ventricle. Answer: single vertical space under corpus
callosum
◉ Cerebral aqueduct. Answer: runs through the midbrain (connects
3rd & 4th ventricle)
◉ Central canal. Answer: runs down through spinal cord
, ◉ Ventricles. Answer: Internal chambers within the CNS
-lined with ependymal cells & containing choroid plexus of capillaries
that produce CSF
◉ Cerebrospinal fluid. Answer: clear liquid that fills ventricles &
canals & bathes in its external surface (in subarachnoid space)
◉ The brain produces & absorbs ___ml/day of CSF. Answer: 500
◉ Functions of CSF. Answer: Buoyancy: floats brain so its neutrally
buoyant
Protection: cushions from hitting inside of skull
Chemical stability: rinses away wastes
◉ CSF escapes from ___ to surround the brain & is absorbed by ___
into venous sinus. Answer: 4th ventricle/ arachnoid villi
◉ Circumventricular organs.... Answer: ...in 3rd & 4th ventricles are
breaks in the barrier where blood has direct access
-monitoring of glucose, pH, osmolarity & other variations
-allows route for HIV to invade the brain
◉ Blood-brain & Blood-CSF barriers. Answer: Tightly joined
endothelium
AND SOLUTIONS 100 PERCENT CORRECT
◉ Caudal. Answer: toward the tail
◉ Major portions of the brain. Answer: Brain stem, Cerebrum,
cerebellum
◉ Cerebrum is ___% of brain volume. Answer: 83
◉ Cerebellum contains ___% of the neurons. Answer: 50
◉ The brain weighs ___ pounds. Answer: 3.5
◉ Longitudinal Fissure. Answer: separates 2 cerebral hemispheres
(left/right)
◉ Central Sulcus. Answer: Separates frontal & parietal lobe
◉ Gyri. Answer: folds
◉ Sulci. Answer: grooves
,◉ cortex. Answer: surface layer of gray matter
◉ nuclei. Answer: deeper masses of gray matter
◉ tracts. Answer: bundles of axons
◉ gray matter. Answer: neuron cell bodies, dendrites & synapses
-forms cortex over cerebrum & cerebellum
-forms nuclei deep with in brain
◉ white matter. Answer: bundles of axons
-forms tracts that connect parts of the brain
◉ Meninges. Answer: Dura Mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
◉ Dura mater. Answer: outermost, tough membrane
-outer periosteal layer against bone
-inner meningeal layer
-subdural space (below dura mater)
-where separated from inner meningeal layer forms dural venous
sinusesdraining blood from brain
◉ supportive structures formed by dura mater. Answer: falx cerebri,
falx cerebelli & tentorium cerebelli
,◉ Arachnoid mater. Answer: spider web filamentous layer
◉ Pia mater. Answer: a thin vascular layer adherent to contours of
brain
◉ Meningitis. Answer: Inflammation of the meninges
-bacterial & virus invasion of the CNS by way of the nose & throat
-signs: high fever, stiff neck, drowsiness & intense headache which
could lead to coma
-diagnose by examining the CSF fluid for bacteria
◉ Lumbar puncture. Answer: (spinal tap) check spinal fluid
-draws fluid from subarachnoid space between two lumbar vertebrae
◉ Lateral ventricles. Answer: found inside the cerebral hemispheres
◉ Third ventricle. Answer: single vertical space under corpus
callosum
◉ Cerebral aqueduct. Answer: runs through the midbrain (connects
3rd & 4th ventricle)
◉ Central canal. Answer: runs down through spinal cord
, ◉ Ventricles. Answer: Internal chambers within the CNS
-lined with ependymal cells & containing choroid plexus of capillaries
that produce CSF
◉ Cerebrospinal fluid. Answer: clear liquid that fills ventricles &
canals & bathes in its external surface (in subarachnoid space)
◉ The brain produces & absorbs ___ml/day of CSF. Answer: 500
◉ Functions of CSF. Answer: Buoyancy: floats brain so its neutrally
buoyant
Protection: cushions from hitting inside of skull
Chemical stability: rinses away wastes
◉ CSF escapes from ___ to surround the brain & is absorbed by ___
into venous sinus. Answer: 4th ventricle/ arachnoid villi
◉ Circumventricular organs.... Answer: ...in 3rd & 4th ventricles are
breaks in the barrier where blood has direct access
-monitoring of glucose, pH, osmolarity & other variations
-allows route for HIV to invade the brain
◉ Blood-brain & Blood-CSF barriers. Answer: Tightly joined
endothelium
