ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (OPENSTAX)
EXAM 1: CHAPTERS 1-4, EXAM WITH
ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS|FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|NEWEST|GUARANTEED PASS
2026/2027
The smallest independently functioning unit of an organism is a(n) __________.
a. cell
b. molecule
c. organ
d. tissue
a. cell
A collection of similar tissues that performs a specific function is an __________.
a. organ
b. organelle
c. muscular system
d. organ system
a. organ
The body system is responsible for structural support and movement is the ___________.
a. cardiovascular system
b. endocrine system
c. muscular system
d. skeletal system
d. skeletal system
Metabolism can be defined as the __________.
a. adjustment by an organism to external or internal changes
b. process by whereby all unspecialized cells become specialized to perform distinct functions
c. process whereby new cells are formed to replace worn-out cells
d. sum of all chemical reactions in an organism
d. sum of all chemical reactions in an organism
1|Page
,Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important molecule because it _________.
a. is the result of catabolism
b. release energy in uncontrolled bursts
c. stores energy for use by body cells
d. All of the above
c. stores energy for use by body cells
Cancer cells can be characterized as "generic" cells that perform no specialized body function. Thus
cancer cells lack ___________.
a. differentiation
b. reproduction
c. responsiveness
d. both reproduction and responsiveness
a. differentiation
Humans have the most urgent need for a continuous supply of ___________.
a. food
b. nitrogen
c. oxygen
d. water
c. oxygen
Which of the following statements about nutrients is true?
a. All classes of nutrients are essential to human survival.
b. Because the body cannot store any micronutrients, they need to be consumed nearly every day.
c. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are micronutrients.
d. Macronutrients are vitamins and minerals.
a. All classes of nutrients are essential to human survival.
C.J. is stuck in her car during a bitterly cold blizzard. Her body responds to the cold by __________.
a. increasing the blood to her hands and feet
b. becoming lethargic to conserve heat
c. breaking down stored energy
d. significantly increasing blood oxygen levels
c. breaking down stored energy
After you eat lunch, nerve cells in your stomach respond to the dissension (the stimulus) resulting from
the food. They relay this information to _______________.
a. a control center
b. a set point
c. effectors
d. sensors
a. a control center
2|Page
, Stimulation of the heat-loss center cause _____________.
a. blood vessels in the skin to constrict
b. breathing to become slow
c. sweat glands to increase their output
d. All of the above
c. sweat glands to increase their output
Which of the following is an example of a normal physiological process that uses a positive feedback
loop?
a. blood pressure regulation
b. childbirth
c. regulation of fluid balance
d. temperature regulation
b. childbirth
What is the position of the body when it is in the "normal anatomical position?"
a. The person is prone with upper limbs, including palms, touching sides and lower limbs touching at
sides.
b. The person is standing facing the observer, with upper limbs extended out at a ninety-degree angle
from the torso and lower limbs in a wide stance with feet pointing laterally.
c. The person is supine with upper limbs, including palms, touching sides and lower limbs touching at
sides.
d. None of the above.
d. None of the above.
normal anatomical position: that of the body standing upright, with the feet at shoulder width and
parallel, toes forward. The upper limbs are held out to each side, and the palms of the hands face
forward.
To make a banana split, you halve a banana into two long, thin, right and left sides along the
___________.
a. coronal plane
b. longitudinal plane
c. midsagittal plane
d. transverse plane
a. coronal plane
The lumbar region is _________.
a. inferior to the gluteal region
b. inferior to the umbilical region
c. superior to the cervical region
d. superior to the popliteal region
d. superior to the popliteal region
3|Page
EXAM 1: CHAPTERS 1-4, EXAM WITH
ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS|FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|NEWEST|GUARANTEED PASS
2026/2027
The smallest independently functioning unit of an organism is a(n) __________.
a. cell
b. molecule
c. organ
d. tissue
a. cell
A collection of similar tissues that performs a specific function is an __________.
a. organ
b. organelle
c. muscular system
d. organ system
a. organ
The body system is responsible for structural support and movement is the ___________.
a. cardiovascular system
b. endocrine system
c. muscular system
d. skeletal system
d. skeletal system
Metabolism can be defined as the __________.
a. adjustment by an organism to external or internal changes
b. process by whereby all unspecialized cells become specialized to perform distinct functions
c. process whereby new cells are formed to replace worn-out cells
d. sum of all chemical reactions in an organism
d. sum of all chemical reactions in an organism
1|Page
,Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important molecule because it _________.
a. is the result of catabolism
b. release energy in uncontrolled bursts
c. stores energy for use by body cells
d. All of the above
c. stores energy for use by body cells
Cancer cells can be characterized as "generic" cells that perform no specialized body function. Thus
cancer cells lack ___________.
a. differentiation
b. reproduction
c. responsiveness
d. both reproduction and responsiveness
a. differentiation
Humans have the most urgent need for a continuous supply of ___________.
a. food
b. nitrogen
c. oxygen
d. water
c. oxygen
Which of the following statements about nutrients is true?
a. All classes of nutrients are essential to human survival.
b. Because the body cannot store any micronutrients, they need to be consumed nearly every day.
c. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are micronutrients.
d. Macronutrients are vitamins and minerals.
a. All classes of nutrients are essential to human survival.
C.J. is stuck in her car during a bitterly cold blizzard. Her body responds to the cold by __________.
a. increasing the blood to her hands and feet
b. becoming lethargic to conserve heat
c. breaking down stored energy
d. significantly increasing blood oxygen levels
c. breaking down stored energy
After you eat lunch, nerve cells in your stomach respond to the dissension (the stimulus) resulting from
the food. They relay this information to _______________.
a. a control center
b. a set point
c. effectors
d. sensors
a. a control center
2|Page
, Stimulation of the heat-loss center cause _____________.
a. blood vessels in the skin to constrict
b. breathing to become slow
c. sweat glands to increase their output
d. All of the above
c. sweat glands to increase their output
Which of the following is an example of a normal physiological process that uses a positive feedback
loop?
a. blood pressure regulation
b. childbirth
c. regulation of fluid balance
d. temperature regulation
b. childbirth
What is the position of the body when it is in the "normal anatomical position?"
a. The person is prone with upper limbs, including palms, touching sides and lower limbs touching at
sides.
b. The person is standing facing the observer, with upper limbs extended out at a ninety-degree angle
from the torso and lower limbs in a wide stance with feet pointing laterally.
c. The person is supine with upper limbs, including palms, touching sides and lower limbs touching at
sides.
d. None of the above.
d. None of the above.
normal anatomical position: that of the body standing upright, with the feet at shoulder width and
parallel, toes forward. The upper limbs are held out to each side, and the palms of the hands face
forward.
To make a banana split, you halve a banana into two long, thin, right and left sides along the
___________.
a. coronal plane
b. longitudinal plane
c. midsagittal plane
d. transverse plane
a. coronal plane
The lumbar region is _________.
a. inferior to the gluteal region
b. inferior to the umbilical region
c. superior to the cervical region
d. superior to the popliteal region
d. superior to the popliteal region
3|Page
