Ch. 19-21 Cardiovascular System Multiple Choice
— Anatomy & Physiology — Exam Practice
Questions and Answers
E
Correct answer — Which of the following is a function of the blood? A) transport of nutrients and wastes B) transport of body
heat C) transport of gases D) defense against toxins and pathogens E) all of the above
B
Correct answer — Which of the following statements about blood is false? A) contains buffers that control pH B) normal pH is
6.8 to 7.0 C) is more viscous than water D) is about 55 percent plasma E) None of the above is false; all are true.
D
Correct answer — Formed elements make up about what percentage of blood? A) 55 percent B) 78 percent C) 60 percent
D) 45 percent E) 20 percent
C
Correct answer — The combination of plasma and formed elements is called A) serum. B) lymph. C) whole blood. D)
extracellular fluid. E) packed blood.
D
Correct answer — The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the A) viscosity. B) specific gravity. C)
packed volume. D) hematocrit. E) differential cell count.
D
Correct answer — A typical adult hematocrit is around A) 85. B) 75. C) 65. D) 45. E) 25.
E
Correct answer — Platelets are A) red cells that lack a nucleus. B) blue cells that have a nucleus. C) large cells with a
prominent, concave nucleus. D) tiny cells with a polynucleus. E) cytoplasmic fragments of large cells.
C
Correct answer — The total volume of blood in the body of an adult male is approximately ________ liters. A) 10 B) 6 to 8 C) 5
to 6 D) 4 E) 3
E
Correct answer — Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins? A) pancreas B) heart C) kidney D) brain E) liver
D
Correct answer — The chief differences between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the A) concentration of water. B)
concentration of electrolytes. C) concentration of nitrogen wastes. D) concentration of proteins. E) concentration of glucose.
C
Correct answer — The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are A) globulins. B) transport proteins. C) albumins. D)
lipoproteins. E) fibrinogens.
C
Correct answer — Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the A) albumins. B) fibrinogens. C) immunoglobulins. D)
metalloproteins. E) lipoproteins.
B
1
,Correct answer — A plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is A) albumin alpha. B) fibrinogen. C) immunoglobulin
D) metalloprotein E) lipoprotein
C
Correct answer — The most abundant component of plasma is A) ions. B) proteins. C) water. D) gases. E) nutrients.
C
Correct answer — A hematocrit provides information on A) blood type. B) clotting factors. C) formed elements abundance. D)
plasma composition. E) sedimentation rate
B
Correct answer — Which of the following is not a component of plasma? A) electrolytes B) platelets C) fibrinogen D) albumin E)
amino acids
C
Correct answer — Which of these is not one of the formed elements of blood? A) RBCs B) platelets C) antibodies D)
lymphocytes E) basophils
A
Correct answer — Plasma composes about ________ percent of whole blood, and water composes ________ percent of the
plasma volume. A) 55, 92 B) 92, 7 C) 92, 55 D) 45, 55 E) 50, 50
D
Correct answer — Which plasma protein is a major contributor to the osmotic pressure of plasma? A) translipin B)
steroid-binding protein C) hormone-binding protein D) albumin E) gamma globulin
C
Correct answer — Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by A) platelets.
B) megakaryocytes. C) the liver. D) the kidneys. E) the spleen.
E
Correct answer — Plasma is closest in composition to A) urine. B) isotonic saline solution. C) sterile water. D) CSF. E)
interstitial fluid.
E
Correct answer — You are caring for a female adult patient who weighs 40 kg (90 lbs). Assuming no loss of blood, what would
her approximate blood volume be? A) 6.6 L B) 6.0 L C) 5.6 L D) 1.8 L E) 3.8 L
B
Correct answer — Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a A) temperature of approximately 38
degrees Celsius. B) viscosity about the same as water. C) pH of 7.4.
D) built-in system for clotting. E) deep red color from hemoglobin.
C
Correct answer — Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false? A) Red cells are biconcave discs. B)
Red cells lack mitochondria. C) Red cells are about 18 µm in diameter. D) Red cells are specialized for carrying oxygen. E)
Red cells can form stacks called rouleaux.
B
Correct answer — The function of red blood cells is to A) carry carbon dioxide from the lungs to the body's cells. B) carry
oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells. C) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body's cells. D) defend the body
against infectious organisms. E) both carry carbon dioxide from the lungs to the body's cells and carry oxygen from the lungs to
the body's cells.
C
2
, Correct answer — More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is A) albumin. B) porphyrin. C) hemoglobin. D)
immunoglobulin.
E) fibrinogen.
A
Correct answer — The function of hemoglobin is to A) carry oxygen. B) defend against infection. C) aid in the process of blood
clotting. D) all of the above E) none of the above
C
Correct answer — Each hemoglobin molecule contains A) four alpha chains. B) one alpha and one beta chain. C) four iron
atoms. D) one heme group. E) none of the above
C
Correct answer — Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of A) magnesium. B) calcium. C) iron. D) sodium. E)
copper.
E
Correct answer — Mary is tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level
is 16 g/dL of blood. This value indicates that A) she is suffering from anemia. B) she has fewer red blood cells than normal. C)
her hematocrit is probably lower than normal. D) she may be suffering from a form of leukemia. E) her hemoglobin level is
normal.
D
Correct answer — All the circulating red blood cells originate in the A) heart. B) thymus. C) spleen. D) red bone marrow. E)
lymph tissue.
C
Correct answer — The average lifespan of a red blood cell is A) 24 hours. B) 1 month. C) 4 months. D) about 1 year. E) many
years.
D
Correct answer — Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the A) spleen.
B) liver. C) bone marrow. D) all of the above E) none of the above
C
Correct answer — The waste product bilirubin is produced from A) globin chains of hemoglobin. B) heme molecules plus iron.
C) heme molecules lacking iron. D) iron found in hemoglobin molecules. E) abnormal proteins found in red blood cells.
D
Correct answer — Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is A) excreted by the kidneys. B) excreted by the
liver. C) excreted by the intestines. D) recycled to the red bone marrow. E) stored in yellow bone marrow.
C
Correct answer — In adults, erythropoiesis exclusively takes place in A) the liver. B) yellow bone marrow. C) red bone marrow.
D) the spleen.
E) lymphoid tissue
D
Correct answer — The process of red blood cell production is called A) erythrocytosis. B) erythropenia. C) hemocytosis. D)
erythropoiesis. E) hematopenia.
B
Correct answer — The developmental stage at which erythrocytes enter the circulation is as A) hemocytoblasts. B)
reticulocytes. C) band forms. D) myeloid cells. E) proerythrocytes.
3
— Anatomy & Physiology — Exam Practice
Questions and Answers
E
Correct answer — Which of the following is a function of the blood? A) transport of nutrients and wastes B) transport of body
heat C) transport of gases D) defense against toxins and pathogens E) all of the above
B
Correct answer — Which of the following statements about blood is false? A) contains buffers that control pH B) normal pH is
6.8 to 7.0 C) is more viscous than water D) is about 55 percent plasma E) None of the above is false; all are true.
D
Correct answer — Formed elements make up about what percentage of blood? A) 55 percent B) 78 percent C) 60 percent
D) 45 percent E) 20 percent
C
Correct answer — The combination of plasma and formed elements is called A) serum. B) lymph. C) whole blood. D)
extracellular fluid. E) packed blood.
D
Correct answer — The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the A) viscosity. B) specific gravity. C)
packed volume. D) hematocrit. E) differential cell count.
D
Correct answer — A typical adult hematocrit is around A) 85. B) 75. C) 65. D) 45. E) 25.
E
Correct answer — Platelets are A) red cells that lack a nucleus. B) blue cells that have a nucleus. C) large cells with a
prominent, concave nucleus. D) tiny cells with a polynucleus. E) cytoplasmic fragments of large cells.
C
Correct answer — The total volume of blood in the body of an adult male is approximately ________ liters. A) 10 B) 6 to 8 C) 5
to 6 D) 4 E) 3
E
Correct answer — Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins? A) pancreas B) heart C) kidney D) brain E) liver
D
Correct answer — The chief differences between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the A) concentration of water. B)
concentration of electrolytes. C) concentration of nitrogen wastes. D) concentration of proteins. E) concentration of glucose.
C
Correct answer — The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are A) globulins. B) transport proteins. C) albumins. D)
lipoproteins. E) fibrinogens.
C
Correct answer — Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the A) albumins. B) fibrinogens. C) immunoglobulins. D)
metalloproteins. E) lipoproteins.
B
1
,Correct answer — A plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is A) albumin alpha. B) fibrinogen. C) immunoglobulin
D) metalloprotein E) lipoprotein
C
Correct answer — The most abundant component of plasma is A) ions. B) proteins. C) water. D) gases. E) nutrients.
C
Correct answer — A hematocrit provides information on A) blood type. B) clotting factors. C) formed elements abundance. D)
plasma composition. E) sedimentation rate
B
Correct answer — Which of the following is not a component of plasma? A) electrolytes B) platelets C) fibrinogen D) albumin E)
amino acids
C
Correct answer — Which of these is not one of the formed elements of blood? A) RBCs B) platelets C) antibodies D)
lymphocytes E) basophils
A
Correct answer — Plasma composes about ________ percent of whole blood, and water composes ________ percent of the
plasma volume. A) 55, 92 B) 92, 7 C) 92, 55 D) 45, 55 E) 50, 50
D
Correct answer — Which plasma protein is a major contributor to the osmotic pressure of plasma? A) translipin B)
steroid-binding protein C) hormone-binding protein D) albumin E) gamma globulin
C
Correct answer — Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by A) platelets.
B) megakaryocytes. C) the liver. D) the kidneys. E) the spleen.
E
Correct answer — Plasma is closest in composition to A) urine. B) isotonic saline solution. C) sterile water. D) CSF. E)
interstitial fluid.
E
Correct answer — You are caring for a female adult patient who weighs 40 kg (90 lbs). Assuming no loss of blood, what would
her approximate blood volume be? A) 6.6 L B) 6.0 L C) 5.6 L D) 1.8 L E) 3.8 L
B
Correct answer — Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a A) temperature of approximately 38
degrees Celsius. B) viscosity about the same as water. C) pH of 7.4.
D) built-in system for clotting. E) deep red color from hemoglobin.
C
Correct answer — Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false? A) Red cells are biconcave discs. B)
Red cells lack mitochondria. C) Red cells are about 18 µm in diameter. D) Red cells are specialized for carrying oxygen. E)
Red cells can form stacks called rouleaux.
B
Correct answer — The function of red blood cells is to A) carry carbon dioxide from the lungs to the body's cells. B) carry
oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells. C) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body's cells. D) defend the body
against infectious organisms. E) both carry carbon dioxide from the lungs to the body's cells and carry oxygen from the lungs to
the body's cells.
C
2
, Correct answer — More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is A) albumin. B) porphyrin. C) hemoglobin. D)
immunoglobulin.
E) fibrinogen.
A
Correct answer — The function of hemoglobin is to A) carry oxygen. B) defend against infection. C) aid in the process of blood
clotting. D) all of the above E) none of the above
C
Correct answer — Each hemoglobin molecule contains A) four alpha chains. B) one alpha and one beta chain. C) four iron
atoms. D) one heme group. E) none of the above
C
Correct answer — Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of A) magnesium. B) calcium. C) iron. D) sodium. E)
copper.
E
Correct answer — Mary is tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level
is 16 g/dL of blood. This value indicates that A) she is suffering from anemia. B) she has fewer red blood cells than normal. C)
her hematocrit is probably lower than normal. D) she may be suffering from a form of leukemia. E) her hemoglobin level is
normal.
D
Correct answer — All the circulating red blood cells originate in the A) heart. B) thymus. C) spleen. D) red bone marrow. E)
lymph tissue.
C
Correct answer — The average lifespan of a red blood cell is A) 24 hours. B) 1 month. C) 4 months. D) about 1 year. E) many
years.
D
Correct answer — Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the A) spleen.
B) liver. C) bone marrow. D) all of the above E) none of the above
C
Correct answer — The waste product bilirubin is produced from A) globin chains of hemoglobin. B) heme molecules plus iron.
C) heme molecules lacking iron. D) iron found in hemoglobin molecules. E) abnormal proteins found in red blood cells.
D
Correct answer — Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is A) excreted by the kidneys. B) excreted by the
liver. C) excreted by the intestines. D) recycled to the red bone marrow. E) stored in yellow bone marrow.
C
Correct answer — In adults, erythropoiesis exclusively takes place in A) the liver. B) yellow bone marrow. C) red bone marrow.
D) the spleen.
E) lymphoid tissue
D
Correct answer — The process of red blood cell production is called A) erythrocytosis. B) erythropenia. C) hemocytosis. D)
erythropoiesis. E) hematopenia.
B
Correct answer — The developmental stage at which erythrocytes enter the circulation is as A) hemocytoblasts. B)
reticulocytes. C) band forms. D) myeloid cells. E) proerythrocytes.
3
