NUR 6011 Exam 2 – (2026/2027) Actual Questions with
Verified Answers (William Paterson University) |
Guarantee Pass
SECTION 1: ENDOCRINE PHARMACOLOGY
Question 1
A patient is diagnosed with hypothyroidism and prescribed levothyroxine 0.05
mg/day. After one week, she reports no improvement and wants to discontinue
the medication. What is the best response?
A) Add propranolol to her regimen
B) Change to desiccated thyroid
C) Increase her dosage to 0.125 mg/day
D) Encourage her to take this dose for at least another week
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clinical improvement from levothyroxine therapy is usually not
apparent until about 2 weeks after starting treatment because of its long half-life.
The patient should be encouraged to continue the current dose and be
reassessed after adequate time has passed.
Question 2
A patient with hyperthyroidism is started on methimazole. Which adverse effect
requires immediate discontinuation?
A) Mild nausea
B) Agranulocytosis (fever, sore throat)
C) Hair loss
D) Weight gain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methimazole can cause agranulocytosis, a serious adverse effect
presenting with fever and sore throat. This requires immediate discontinuation
and urgent evaluation. Mild nausea, hair loss, and weight changes are less severe
and do not warrant immediate drug cessation.
,Question 3
A patient with Cushing's syndrome is likely to exhibit which laboratory finding?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hyponatremia
D) Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cushing's syndrome (excess cortisol) causes hypokalemia due to
cortisol's mineralocorticoid activity—cortisol binds to mineralocorticoid
receptors, causing potassium wasting. Hyperglycemia (not hypoglycemia) occurs
due to gluconeogenesis.
Question 4
A patient with Addison's disease (primary adrenal insufficiency) is expected to
have which laboratory abnormalities?
A) Hypokalemia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Primary adrenal insufficiency results in both cortisol and aldosterone
deficiency. Aldosterone deficiency causes sodium wasting (hyponatremia) and
potassium retention (hyperkalemia). Hypokalemia and hypernatremia occur in
Cushing's syndrome.
Question 5
A patient with SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone) is
expected to have which laboratory finding?
A) Hypernatremia and concentrated urine
B) Hyponatremia and concentrated urine
,C) Hypernatremia and dilute urine
D) Hyponatremia and dilute urine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SIADH is characterized by excessive ADH secretion, leading to water
retention, dilutional hyponatremia, and inappropriately concentrated urine (urine
osmolality >100 mOsm/kg despite low serum osmolality).
Question 6
A patient with diabetes insipidus is expected to have which laboratory finding?
A) Hyperglycemia
B) Hypernatremia and dilute urine
C) Hyponatremia and concentrated urine
D) Metabolic acidosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus (central or nephrogenic) results from ADH
deficiency or resistance, causing excessive water loss in urine (polyuria). This leads
to hypernatremia with dilute urine (low specific gravity and low osmolality).
Question 7
A client develops hypothyroidism after a thyroidectomy. Which medication will
the provider prescribe?
A) Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
B) Vasopressin (Pitressin)
C) Potassium iodide (SSKI)
D) Methimazole
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Levothyroxine is the standard thyroid hormone replacement for
hypothyroidism. Vasopressin is a pituitary hormone. Methimazole and potassium
iodide are used for hyperthyroidism.
, Question 8
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for a patient presenting with
fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, bradycardia, and delayed reflexes?
A) Graves' disease
B) Hypothyroidism
C) Subacute thyroiditis
D) Toxic multinodular goiter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: These are classic signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism. Graves'
disease and toxic multinodular goiter cause hyperthyroidism.
Question 9
What method is the most reliable measure for assessing a patient's diabetes
control over the preceding 3-month period?
A) Self-monitoring blood glucose graph report
B) Random blood glucose level
C) Fasting blood glucose level
D) Glycosylated hemoglobin level (A1c)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) indicates glucose control over the past
60–90 days, reflecting average blood glucose during that period. It is the gold
standard for assessing long-term glycemic control.
Question 10
The provider prescribed one tube of glucose gel to a client with type 1 diabetes.
What is the primary reason for this prescription?
A) Diabetic acidosis
B) Hyperinsulin secretion
C) Insulin-induced hypoglycemia
D) Idiosyncratic reaction to insulin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oral glucose gel provides rapidly absorbable carbohydrate to quickly
Verified Answers (William Paterson University) |
Guarantee Pass
SECTION 1: ENDOCRINE PHARMACOLOGY
Question 1
A patient is diagnosed with hypothyroidism and prescribed levothyroxine 0.05
mg/day. After one week, she reports no improvement and wants to discontinue
the medication. What is the best response?
A) Add propranolol to her regimen
B) Change to desiccated thyroid
C) Increase her dosage to 0.125 mg/day
D) Encourage her to take this dose for at least another week
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clinical improvement from levothyroxine therapy is usually not
apparent until about 2 weeks after starting treatment because of its long half-life.
The patient should be encouraged to continue the current dose and be
reassessed after adequate time has passed.
Question 2
A patient with hyperthyroidism is started on methimazole. Which adverse effect
requires immediate discontinuation?
A) Mild nausea
B) Agranulocytosis (fever, sore throat)
C) Hair loss
D) Weight gain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methimazole can cause agranulocytosis, a serious adverse effect
presenting with fever and sore throat. This requires immediate discontinuation
and urgent evaluation. Mild nausea, hair loss, and weight changes are less severe
and do not warrant immediate drug cessation.
,Question 3
A patient with Cushing's syndrome is likely to exhibit which laboratory finding?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hyponatremia
D) Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cushing's syndrome (excess cortisol) causes hypokalemia due to
cortisol's mineralocorticoid activity—cortisol binds to mineralocorticoid
receptors, causing potassium wasting. Hyperglycemia (not hypoglycemia) occurs
due to gluconeogenesis.
Question 4
A patient with Addison's disease (primary adrenal insufficiency) is expected to
have which laboratory abnormalities?
A) Hypokalemia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Primary adrenal insufficiency results in both cortisol and aldosterone
deficiency. Aldosterone deficiency causes sodium wasting (hyponatremia) and
potassium retention (hyperkalemia). Hypokalemia and hypernatremia occur in
Cushing's syndrome.
Question 5
A patient with SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone) is
expected to have which laboratory finding?
A) Hypernatremia and concentrated urine
B) Hyponatremia and concentrated urine
,C) Hypernatremia and dilute urine
D) Hyponatremia and dilute urine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SIADH is characterized by excessive ADH secretion, leading to water
retention, dilutional hyponatremia, and inappropriately concentrated urine (urine
osmolality >100 mOsm/kg despite low serum osmolality).
Question 6
A patient with diabetes insipidus is expected to have which laboratory finding?
A) Hyperglycemia
B) Hypernatremia and dilute urine
C) Hyponatremia and concentrated urine
D) Metabolic acidosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus (central or nephrogenic) results from ADH
deficiency or resistance, causing excessive water loss in urine (polyuria). This leads
to hypernatremia with dilute urine (low specific gravity and low osmolality).
Question 7
A client develops hypothyroidism after a thyroidectomy. Which medication will
the provider prescribe?
A) Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
B) Vasopressin (Pitressin)
C) Potassium iodide (SSKI)
D) Methimazole
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Levothyroxine is the standard thyroid hormone replacement for
hypothyroidism. Vasopressin is a pituitary hormone. Methimazole and potassium
iodide are used for hyperthyroidism.
, Question 8
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for a patient presenting with
fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, bradycardia, and delayed reflexes?
A) Graves' disease
B) Hypothyroidism
C) Subacute thyroiditis
D) Toxic multinodular goiter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: These are classic signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism. Graves'
disease and toxic multinodular goiter cause hyperthyroidism.
Question 9
What method is the most reliable measure for assessing a patient's diabetes
control over the preceding 3-month period?
A) Self-monitoring blood glucose graph report
B) Random blood glucose level
C) Fasting blood glucose level
D) Glycosylated hemoglobin level (A1c)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) indicates glucose control over the past
60–90 days, reflecting average blood glucose during that period. It is the gold
standard for assessing long-term glycemic control.
Question 10
The provider prescribed one tube of glucose gel to a client with type 1 diabetes.
What is the primary reason for this prescription?
A) Diabetic acidosis
B) Hyperinsulin secretion
C) Insulin-induced hypoglycemia
D) Idiosyncratic reaction to insulin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oral glucose gel provides rapidly absorbable carbohydrate to quickly
