MMSC 433 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
iron absorption -
correct answer ✅-ferric iron is taken in from diet
-ferric iron is reduced by duodenal cytochrome B to become ferrous
iron
-ferrous iron is absorbed into enterocytes by DMT 1
-absorbed iron is stored as ferritin, or sent into portal hepatic
circulation and carried by transferrin to developing RBCs
transferrin -
correct answer ✅plasma carrier protein for ferrous iron
high iron level regulation -
correct answer ✅-hepcidin is released from hepatocytes
-ferroportin is inactivated, leading to decreased iron being
transported into circulation
low iron level regulation -
correct answer ✅-hepcidin is down regulated by hepatocytes
-ferroportin becomes activated and transports iron out of the
enterocytes and into circulation
,MMSC 433 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
ferrous iron -
correct answer ✅the form of iron that is able to be utilized in the
body for developing red cells
prussian blue stain -
correct answer ✅stain that is used to identify iron in tissues and
bone marrow
stage 1 iron deficiency (progressive loss of storage iron) -
correct answer ✅-asymptomatic
-RBCs develop normally
-*serum ferritin low*
stage 2 iron deficiency (exhaustion of iron storage pool) -
correct answer ✅-subclinical symptoms
-hemoglobin in retics is decreased, *hemogram appears normal
still*
-iron deficiency erythropoiesis is occurring
-hepcidin decreased
-serum iron and ferritin decreased
-RDW, TIBC and sTRs increased
,MMSC 433 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
-prussian blue stain of BM is negative for iron
stage 3 iron deficiency (frank anemia) -
correct answer ✅-patient exhibits fatigue, weakness, pallor,
glossitis, koilonychia and pica
-*H/H decreased*
-*hypochromic/ microcytic anemia*
-FEP, TIBC and sTR increased
-ferritin, hepcidin and serum iron decreased
sideroblastic anemia -
correct answer ✅-iron deposits in the mitochondria of
erythroblast cells in the bone marrow interfere with biosynthesis of
heme
-caused by genetic inheritance, drugs/ bone marrow toxins (*lead*,
antibiotics, chemotherapeutics)
-*ringed sideroblasts* are highly indicative of the disease
-basophillic stippling is common in lead poisoning
-normocytic normochromic cells
, MMSC 433 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
iron deficiency anemia (IDA) -
correct answer ✅-caused by inadequate intake, increased need or
malabsorption of iron, poor diet or chronic blood loss
-symptoms: fatigue, weakness, pallor, spooning of the nails
(koilonychia) and pica
-*H/H decreased*
-microcytic, hypochromic cells
-marked poikilocytosis (target cells, spherocytes, tear drop cells and
schistocytes)
-FEP, sTR and TIBC increased
-ferritin, hepcidin and serum iron decreased
anemia of chronic inflammation -
correct answer ✅-anemia occurring secondary to underlying
condition (chronic inflammatory disease, chronic infection or
malignancy) that causes release of cell products
-hepcidin, lactoferrin and inflammatory cytokines cause decreased
iron status and anemia
-low Hgb
-*low TIBC* (hepcidin is increased due to acute phase reaction)
-normocytic normochromic anemia
Answers (Grade A+)
iron absorption -
correct answer ✅-ferric iron is taken in from diet
-ferric iron is reduced by duodenal cytochrome B to become ferrous
iron
-ferrous iron is absorbed into enterocytes by DMT 1
-absorbed iron is stored as ferritin, or sent into portal hepatic
circulation and carried by transferrin to developing RBCs
transferrin -
correct answer ✅plasma carrier protein for ferrous iron
high iron level regulation -
correct answer ✅-hepcidin is released from hepatocytes
-ferroportin is inactivated, leading to decreased iron being
transported into circulation
low iron level regulation -
correct answer ✅-hepcidin is down regulated by hepatocytes
-ferroportin becomes activated and transports iron out of the
enterocytes and into circulation
,MMSC 433 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
ferrous iron -
correct answer ✅the form of iron that is able to be utilized in the
body for developing red cells
prussian blue stain -
correct answer ✅stain that is used to identify iron in tissues and
bone marrow
stage 1 iron deficiency (progressive loss of storage iron) -
correct answer ✅-asymptomatic
-RBCs develop normally
-*serum ferritin low*
stage 2 iron deficiency (exhaustion of iron storage pool) -
correct answer ✅-subclinical symptoms
-hemoglobin in retics is decreased, *hemogram appears normal
still*
-iron deficiency erythropoiesis is occurring
-hepcidin decreased
-serum iron and ferritin decreased
-RDW, TIBC and sTRs increased
,MMSC 433 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
-prussian blue stain of BM is negative for iron
stage 3 iron deficiency (frank anemia) -
correct answer ✅-patient exhibits fatigue, weakness, pallor,
glossitis, koilonychia and pica
-*H/H decreased*
-*hypochromic/ microcytic anemia*
-FEP, TIBC and sTR increased
-ferritin, hepcidin and serum iron decreased
sideroblastic anemia -
correct answer ✅-iron deposits in the mitochondria of
erythroblast cells in the bone marrow interfere with biosynthesis of
heme
-caused by genetic inheritance, drugs/ bone marrow toxins (*lead*,
antibiotics, chemotherapeutics)
-*ringed sideroblasts* are highly indicative of the disease
-basophillic stippling is common in lead poisoning
-normocytic normochromic cells
, MMSC 433 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
iron deficiency anemia (IDA) -
correct answer ✅-caused by inadequate intake, increased need or
malabsorption of iron, poor diet or chronic blood loss
-symptoms: fatigue, weakness, pallor, spooning of the nails
(koilonychia) and pica
-*H/H decreased*
-microcytic, hypochromic cells
-marked poikilocytosis (target cells, spherocytes, tear drop cells and
schistocytes)
-FEP, sTR and TIBC increased
-ferritin, hepcidin and serum iron decreased
anemia of chronic inflammation -
correct answer ✅-anemia occurring secondary to underlying
condition (chronic inflammatory disease, chronic infection or
malignancy) that causes release of cell products
-hepcidin, lactoferrin and inflammatory cytokines cause decreased
iron status and anemia
-low Hgb
-*low TIBC* (hepcidin is increased due to acute phase reaction)
-normocytic normochromic anemia
