MCB 100 EXAM 2 ICLICKERS STUDY GUIDE LATEST 2026 UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED 100% SOLUTIONS (2026/2027) GRADE:
A+|STATUS: GUARANTEED PASS
Biofilm formation begins with ____________
free-floating cells attaching to a surface
Which of the following is NOT an advantage to life in a microbial biofilm?
increased predation by amoeba and other Eukaryotic microbes
Which of the following statements about biofilms is TRUE?
in biofilms there is often metabolic cooperation among bacteria
Biofilms can be found benefiting our bodies _______________
in the intestinal tract
What is the basis for assigning organisms into the three different domains of life (Bacteria,
Archaea, and Eukarya)?
rRNA gene sequences
The bacterial arrangement illustrated here is known as ___________
a chain of cocci
Which of the culture tubes (with soft agar gel medium) contains non-flagellated bacteria
(colored red)?
B
Which of the following capillary tubes contains a repellant?
D
Why do doctors caution patients who are pregnant to avoid deli meats, cold cuts, and soft
cheeses?
the Listeria bacteria can grow in the food when stored in the refrigerator and then infect those
who are immune compromised
Which of the following statements about Gram-positive Listeria is TRUE?
they can invade and live within cells to avoid the host's immune system
1|Page
, Gram-negative bacteria can attach to surfaces via their ________________
fimbriae
A strain of the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which causes the diarrheal disease
cholera, has a mutation that causes the bacterium to lose the ability to produce fimbriae
which caused it to become less virulent. What function has this pathogen lost?
the ability to bind to a host target cell
Pathogenic strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus dissolve clots to help spread to
different regions of the body by producing and secreting ____________
a protease called staphylokinase
Gram-negative Haemophilus influenzae bacteria, which cause respiratory and ear infections,
require heme for their growth because _________________
they need heme to bind iron for transport and acquisition in the cell
Which of the following is a primary advantage for a bacterium having the ability to invade and
reside inside host cells?
the bacteria can hide and be protected from antibodies and immune cells
A strain of the Gram-negative bacterium Shigella flexneri, which causes the disease dysentery
(bloody diarrhea), has a mutation that causes this intracellular bacterium to lose the ability to
produce a pore-forming toxin that makes pores phagocytic membranes and so it has become
less virulent as a consequence. What function has this pathogen lost?
the ability to escape the phagosome and enter the cytosol
Lipid A is __________ that stimulates the body to release hormone-like chemicals (called
cytokines) that cause fever, inflammation, diarrhea, hemorrhaging, shock, and blood
coagulation
an endotoxin found in bacterial membranes
Which of the following bacterial virulence factors directly contributes to severe
inflammation?
a superantigen like toxic shock syndrome toxin
Diphtheria toxin is _________________ that _____________________ resulting in
_____________________________________
an AB-type toxin, ADP-ribosylates EF2, stopping protein synthesis
2|Page
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED 100% SOLUTIONS (2026/2027) GRADE:
A+|STATUS: GUARANTEED PASS
Biofilm formation begins with ____________
free-floating cells attaching to a surface
Which of the following is NOT an advantage to life in a microbial biofilm?
increased predation by amoeba and other Eukaryotic microbes
Which of the following statements about biofilms is TRUE?
in biofilms there is often metabolic cooperation among bacteria
Biofilms can be found benefiting our bodies _______________
in the intestinal tract
What is the basis for assigning organisms into the three different domains of life (Bacteria,
Archaea, and Eukarya)?
rRNA gene sequences
The bacterial arrangement illustrated here is known as ___________
a chain of cocci
Which of the culture tubes (with soft agar gel medium) contains non-flagellated bacteria
(colored red)?
B
Which of the following capillary tubes contains a repellant?
D
Why do doctors caution patients who are pregnant to avoid deli meats, cold cuts, and soft
cheeses?
the Listeria bacteria can grow in the food when stored in the refrigerator and then infect those
who are immune compromised
Which of the following statements about Gram-positive Listeria is TRUE?
they can invade and live within cells to avoid the host's immune system
1|Page
, Gram-negative bacteria can attach to surfaces via their ________________
fimbriae
A strain of the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which causes the diarrheal disease
cholera, has a mutation that causes the bacterium to lose the ability to produce fimbriae
which caused it to become less virulent. What function has this pathogen lost?
the ability to bind to a host target cell
Pathogenic strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus dissolve clots to help spread to
different regions of the body by producing and secreting ____________
a protease called staphylokinase
Gram-negative Haemophilus influenzae bacteria, which cause respiratory and ear infections,
require heme for their growth because _________________
they need heme to bind iron for transport and acquisition in the cell
Which of the following is a primary advantage for a bacterium having the ability to invade and
reside inside host cells?
the bacteria can hide and be protected from antibodies and immune cells
A strain of the Gram-negative bacterium Shigella flexneri, which causes the disease dysentery
(bloody diarrhea), has a mutation that causes this intracellular bacterium to lose the ability to
produce a pore-forming toxin that makes pores phagocytic membranes and so it has become
less virulent as a consequence. What function has this pathogen lost?
the ability to escape the phagosome and enter the cytosol
Lipid A is __________ that stimulates the body to release hormone-like chemicals (called
cytokines) that cause fever, inflammation, diarrhea, hemorrhaging, shock, and blood
coagulation
an endotoxin found in bacterial membranes
Which of the following bacterial virulence factors directly contributes to severe
inflammation?
a superantigen like toxic shock syndrome toxin
Diphtheria toxin is _________________ that _____________________ resulting in
_____________________________________
an AB-type toxin, ADP-ribosylates EF2, stopping protein synthesis
2|Page
