FINAL EXAMINATION PAPER km km
km WGU D094 km
STUDENT NAME: ________________________________
km km DATE: _____________ km
COURSE: HDFS 420 exam 1 km km km km TIME: _____________ km
EXAM CODE: WGU D094-101
km km km
EXAM INSTRUCTIONS:
km
1. Print your full name and date clearly in the header above.
km km km km km km km km km km km
2. This exam booklet contains both Test Questions (Part I) and Verified Solutions (Part II).
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
3. Answer all multiple-choice questions clearly. Double-check your work.
km km km km km km km km
4. Do not break the seal or open this booklet until instructed to do so by the proctor.
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
Q1. bioecological systems theory:
kmkm km km
[Verified Solution]: "The lives of important caregivers matter" -
km kmkm km km km km km km
Children's development is *directly* influenced by the people in their everyday life (the "microsyste
km km km km km km km km km km km km km
m") -But also there are important *indirect* influences- for example: >Parent-
km km km km km km km km km km
teacher relationship >Parents' or teachers' working conditions >Neighborhood resources and safety >A
km km km km km km km km km km km
vailability of health services >Policies to protect the welfare of babies -
km km km km km km km km km km km
Influences can change over TIME the ecology-- the personal and physical environment --
km km km km km km km km km km km km
influences the nature of the relationships that the child experiences. these relationships are most infl
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
uenced by the immediate settings: namely, family, community, and the early care and learning progra
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
m that the child is experiencing
km km km km km
Q2. caregiver:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: any adult who takes care of and cares about young children. caregivers include
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km k
mparents, teachers, grandparents, and others
km km km km
Q3. continuity of care:
kmkm km km
[Verified Solution]: involves uninterrupted, continuous adult-
km kmkm km km km
child and peer relationships. a teacher(s) moves to a new room with a group of children as they age.
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
Q4. culturally competent:
kmkm km
[Verified Solution]: implies that the caregivers understand and attend to the total context of the ind
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km km
ividual's situation, including awareness of immigration status, stress factors, other social factors, and c
km km km km km km km km km km km km km
ultural similarities and differences -
km km km km
culturally competent teacher learns and is respectful of children's and families' cultures.
km km km km km km km km km km km
,Q5. culture:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: the values and beliefs about what is important in life, including traditions, cele
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km
brations, languages, and styles of interacting with others. -
km km km km km km km km
includes: abstract values, beliefs, and perceptions of the world that lie behind people's behavior, and
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
which are reflected in their behavior
km km km km km
Q6. domains: -physical, perceptual, motor -language and literacy -cognitive -emotional -
kmkm km km km km km km km km km
social
[Verified Solution]: physical, perceptual, motor: -perception-action -balance -locomotion -
km kmkm km km km km km km
manipulation language and literacy: -receptive language -expressive language -pragmatics -prosodoy -
km km km km km km km km km km
literacy development cognitive: -perceptual -active -approaches to learning -concepts emotional: -
km km km km km km km km km km
attachment -emotional expression and understanding -regulation -identity development social: -
km km km km km km km km km
peer interactions -prosocial development -conflicts -challenging behavior
km km km km km km
Q7. epigenetics:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km
DNA change -experiences affects whether some genes will be activated
km km km km km km km km km
Q8. quality infant and toddler care and learning programs:
kmkm km km km km km km km
[Verified Solution]: quality programs that support parent can reduce infants' and toddlers' exposure
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km
to risk factors and build resiliency and positive relationships. quality programs support infants' and to
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
ddlers' learning and sense of well being -
km km km km km km km
infant and toddler care and learning programs offer varying hours of care for infants and toddlers, us
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
ually during the day while parents are at work. these programs are often referred to as just "child ca
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
re" or even "day care"
km km km km
Q9. infant and toddler professional:
kmkm km km km
[Verified Solution]: broad range of specialist who teach or administer child learning and developme
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km
nt programs, which include center infant and toddler programs and family (home) child care program
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
s - km
also referred to as professionals who support families in the care of education of their children throu
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
gh home visits, early intervention, and family support programs
km km km km km km km km
Q10. infants:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: a baby from birth to approximately 12 months of age
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km
, Q11. irreducible needs: -define -list 7 needs
kmkm km km km km km
[Verified Solution]: needs of children that are absolutely necessary for them to survive and thrive 1
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km km
. ongoing nurturing relationships 2. physical protection, safety, and regulation 3. experiences tailored t
km km km km km km km km km km km km km
o individual differences 4. developmentally appropriate experiences 5. limit setting, structure, and exp
km km km km km km km km km km km km
ectations 6. stable communities and cultural continuity 7. adults to protect the future
km km km km km km km km km km km km
Q12. positive turnarounds:
kmkm km
[Verified Solution]: the resilience of a person to recover from challenging life experiences
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km
Q13. prenatal:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: development occurs prior to birth. from prenatal period to age 3, babies grow f
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km km
rom helpless dependency to children with a rich collection of relationships, skills, attitudes, and beha
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
viors
Q14. primary care:
kmkm km
[Verified Solution]: each infant or toddler is assigned a teacher who establishes an affectionate con
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km
nection (attachment relationship) with the child. This teacher tries to be the one to rock, feed, an tuc
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
k to sleep. This teacher establishes a connections with the family to respect the family's culture and
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
wishes
Q15. protective factors:
kmkm km
[Verified Solution]: factors that shield and protect the child
km kmkm km km km km km km
Q16. resilience:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: ability to thrive despite risk factors
km kmkm km km km km km
Q17. responsiveness:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: refers to both how well the adult understands what the infant or toddler is tryi
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
ng to communicate (the child's cues) and how effectively (promptly, contingently, and appropriately)
km km km km km km km km km km km km km
the adult acts in response to the child
km km km km km km km
Q18. risk factors:
kmkm km
[Verified Solution]: Actions or behaviors that represent a potential health threat ex: -
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km
poor nutrition -low birth weight, health, injury -living in poverty -lack of quality of child care
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
km WGU D094 km
STUDENT NAME: ________________________________
km km DATE: _____________ km
COURSE: HDFS 420 exam 1 km km km km TIME: _____________ km
EXAM CODE: WGU D094-101
km km km
EXAM INSTRUCTIONS:
km
1. Print your full name and date clearly in the header above.
km km km km km km km km km km km
2. This exam booklet contains both Test Questions (Part I) and Verified Solutions (Part II).
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
3. Answer all multiple-choice questions clearly. Double-check your work.
km km km km km km km km
4. Do not break the seal or open this booklet until instructed to do so by the proctor.
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
Q1. bioecological systems theory:
kmkm km km
[Verified Solution]: "The lives of important caregivers matter" -
km kmkm km km km km km km
Children's development is *directly* influenced by the people in their everyday life (the "microsyste
km km km km km km km km km km km km km
m") -But also there are important *indirect* influences- for example: >Parent-
km km km km km km km km km km
teacher relationship >Parents' or teachers' working conditions >Neighborhood resources and safety >A
km km km km km km km km km km km
vailability of health services >Policies to protect the welfare of babies -
km km km km km km km km km km km
Influences can change over TIME the ecology-- the personal and physical environment --
km km km km km km km km km km km km
influences the nature of the relationships that the child experiences. these relationships are most infl
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
uenced by the immediate settings: namely, family, community, and the early care and learning progra
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
m that the child is experiencing
km km km km km
Q2. caregiver:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: any adult who takes care of and cares about young children. caregivers include
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km k
mparents, teachers, grandparents, and others
km km km km
Q3. continuity of care:
kmkm km km
[Verified Solution]: involves uninterrupted, continuous adult-
km kmkm km km km
child and peer relationships. a teacher(s) moves to a new room with a group of children as they age.
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
Q4. culturally competent:
kmkm km
[Verified Solution]: implies that the caregivers understand and attend to the total context of the ind
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km km
ividual's situation, including awareness of immigration status, stress factors, other social factors, and c
km km km km km km km km km km km km km
ultural similarities and differences -
km km km km
culturally competent teacher learns and is respectful of children's and families' cultures.
km km km km km km km km km km km
,Q5. culture:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: the values and beliefs about what is important in life, including traditions, cele
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km
brations, languages, and styles of interacting with others. -
km km km km km km km km
includes: abstract values, beliefs, and perceptions of the world that lie behind people's behavior, and
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
which are reflected in their behavior
km km km km km
Q6. domains: -physical, perceptual, motor -language and literacy -cognitive -emotional -
kmkm km km km km km km km km km
social
[Verified Solution]: physical, perceptual, motor: -perception-action -balance -locomotion -
km kmkm km km km km km km
manipulation language and literacy: -receptive language -expressive language -pragmatics -prosodoy -
km km km km km km km km km km
literacy development cognitive: -perceptual -active -approaches to learning -concepts emotional: -
km km km km km km km km km km
attachment -emotional expression and understanding -regulation -identity development social: -
km km km km km km km km km
peer interactions -prosocial development -conflicts -challenging behavior
km km km km km km
Q7. epigenetics:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km
DNA change -experiences affects whether some genes will be activated
km km km km km km km km km
Q8. quality infant and toddler care and learning programs:
kmkm km km km km km km km
[Verified Solution]: quality programs that support parent can reduce infants' and toddlers' exposure
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km
to risk factors and build resiliency and positive relationships. quality programs support infants' and to
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
ddlers' learning and sense of well being -
km km km km km km km
infant and toddler care and learning programs offer varying hours of care for infants and toddlers, us
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
ually during the day while parents are at work. these programs are often referred to as just "child ca
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
re" or even "day care"
km km km km
Q9. infant and toddler professional:
kmkm km km km
[Verified Solution]: broad range of specialist who teach or administer child learning and developme
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km
nt programs, which include center infant and toddler programs and family (home) child care program
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
s - km
also referred to as professionals who support families in the care of education of their children throu
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
gh home visits, early intervention, and family support programs
km km km km km km km km
Q10. infants:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: a baby from birth to approximately 12 months of age
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km
, Q11. irreducible needs: -define -list 7 needs
kmkm km km km km km
[Verified Solution]: needs of children that are absolutely necessary for them to survive and thrive 1
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km km
. ongoing nurturing relationships 2. physical protection, safety, and regulation 3. experiences tailored t
km km km km km km km km km km km km km
o individual differences 4. developmentally appropriate experiences 5. limit setting, structure, and exp
km km km km km km km km km km km km
ectations 6. stable communities and cultural continuity 7. adults to protect the future
km km km km km km km km km km km km
Q12. positive turnarounds:
kmkm km
[Verified Solution]: the resilience of a person to recover from challenging life experiences
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km
Q13. prenatal:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: development occurs prior to birth. from prenatal period to age 3, babies grow f
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km km
rom helpless dependency to children with a rich collection of relationships, skills, attitudes, and beha
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
viors
Q14. primary care:
kmkm km
[Verified Solution]: each infant or toddler is assigned a teacher who establishes an affectionate con
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km
nection (attachment relationship) with the child. This teacher tries to be the one to rock, feed, an tuc
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
k to sleep. This teacher establishes a connections with the family to respect the family's culture and
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
wishes
Q15. protective factors:
kmkm km
[Verified Solution]: factors that shield and protect the child
km kmkm km km km km km km
Q16. resilience:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: ability to thrive despite risk factors
km kmkm km km km km km
Q17. responsiveness:
kmkm
[Verified Solution]: refers to both how well the adult understands what the infant or toddler is tryi
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
ng to communicate (the child's cues) and how effectively (promptly, contingently, and appropriately)
km km km km km km km km km km km km km
the adult acts in response to the child
km km km km km km km
Q18. risk factors:
kmkm km
[Verified Solution]: Actions or behaviors that represent a potential health threat ex: -
km kmkm km km km km km km km km km km
poor nutrition -low birth weight, health, injury -living in poverty -lack of quality of child care
km km km km km km km km km km km km km km km
