BSC2086 Endocrine System Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Update
QUESTION
Gap Junctions
Answer:
Pores in the cell membrane that allow signaling molecules, nutrients, and electrolytes to move
directly from cell to cell.
QUESTION
Hormones
Answer:
Chemical messengers transported by the bloodstream to stimulate physiological responses in cells
of another tissue or organ, often a considerable distance away.
QUESTION
Endocrine Glands
Answer:
Ductless organs that contain dense capillary networks for easy hormone uptake into the
bloodstream and produce "internal secretions".
QUESTION
Exocrine Glands
Answer:
Glands that use ducts to carry "external secretions" (like enzymes) to an epithelial surface or the
mucosa of the digestive tract.
QUESTION
Hypothalamus
Answer:
A brain region that secretes regulatory hormones to trigger the anterior pituitary and produces
ADH and Oxytocin.
QUESTION
Adenohypophysis
Answer:
The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, made of glandular tissue, which synthesizes and secretes
hormones like GH, TSH, and ACTH.
, QUESTION
Neurohypophysis
Answer:
The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neural tissue) that receives, stores, and releases ADH
and Oxytocin produced by the hypothalamus.
QUESTION
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Answer:
Also called vasopressin, it increases water retention by the kidneys to reduce urine volume and
prevent dehydration.
QUESTION
Oxytocin (OT)
Answer:
A hormone that stimulates labor contractions, milk flow during lactation, and is released during
sexual arousal.
QUESTION
Thyroid Gland
Answer:
The largest endocrine gland; its follicular cells secrete T3 and T4 to increase metabolic rate and
heat production.
QUESTION
Calcitonin
Answer:
A hormone secreted by parafollicular (C) cells of the thyroid when blood calcium rises to
stimulate bone formation.
QUESTION
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Answer:
Secreted in response to low blood calcium (hypocalcemia) to increase calcium by stimulating
osteoclasts and promoting calcitriol synthesis.
Solutions | Latest Update
QUESTION
Gap Junctions
Answer:
Pores in the cell membrane that allow signaling molecules, nutrients, and electrolytes to move
directly from cell to cell.
QUESTION
Hormones
Answer:
Chemical messengers transported by the bloodstream to stimulate physiological responses in cells
of another tissue or organ, often a considerable distance away.
QUESTION
Endocrine Glands
Answer:
Ductless organs that contain dense capillary networks for easy hormone uptake into the
bloodstream and produce "internal secretions".
QUESTION
Exocrine Glands
Answer:
Glands that use ducts to carry "external secretions" (like enzymes) to an epithelial surface or the
mucosa of the digestive tract.
QUESTION
Hypothalamus
Answer:
A brain region that secretes regulatory hormones to trigger the anterior pituitary and produces
ADH and Oxytocin.
QUESTION
Adenohypophysis
Answer:
The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, made of glandular tissue, which synthesizes and secretes
hormones like GH, TSH, and ACTH.
, QUESTION
Neurohypophysis
Answer:
The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neural tissue) that receives, stores, and releases ADH
and Oxytocin produced by the hypothalamus.
QUESTION
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Answer:
Also called vasopressin, it increases water retention by the kidneys to reduce urine volume and
prevent dehydration.
QUESTION
Oxytocin (OT)
Answer:
A hormone that stimulates labor contractions, milk flow during lactation, and is released during
sexual arousal.
QUESTION
Thyroid Gland
Answer:
The largest endocrine gland; its follicular cells secrete T3 and T4 to increase metabolic rate and
heat production.
QUESTION
Calcitonin
Answer:
A hormone secreted by parafollicular (C) cells of the thyroid when blood calcium rises to
stimulate bone formation.
QUESTION
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Answer:
Secreted in response to low blood calcium (hypocalcemia) to increase calcium by stimulating
osteoclasts and promoting calcitriol synthesis.
