NURS 753 Final Exam Study
Guide 2026/2027 Exam
Questions and Answers | 100%
Pass
What is innate immunity? - ANSWER ✔✔provides immediate
protection and is nonspecific, meaning it provides protection against all
invaders.
What is adaptative immunity? - ANSWER ✔✔Can take 7-10 days to
provide protection, but it is specific to the antigens.
,What is antigen? - ANSWER ✔✔a foreign agent that triggers the
production of antibodies by the immune system
What is antibody (immunoglobulin)? - ANSWER ✔✔a protein used by
the immune system to identify and neutralized foreign agents, such as
viruses and bacteria
What is autoantibody? - ANSWER ✔✔an antibody made by the
immune system that attacks an individual's own proteins
What is lysozyme? - ANSWER ✔✔an enzyme that dissolves bacterial
cell walls.
What is pyrogens? - ANSWER ✔✔Molecules that cause the systemic
response of fever
What is Humoral immunity? - ANSWER ✔✔interaction to produce
antibodies against the antigen (B-Cell function or humoral immunity)
What is cell-mediated immunity? - ANSWER ✔✔is the main
mechanism by which the body fights the tubercle bacillus and starts a
few weeks after infection.
What is Human Leukocyte antigen system? - ANSWER ✔✔known as
major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in humans, HLA system as the
genes are expressed on the surface of the WBC.
,What is alloimmunity? - ANSWER ✔✔Four types of tissue transplants
are possible—allogeneic, syngeneic, autologous, and xenogenic.
§ Allogeneic transplants are those in which the tissue used is from the
same species and is of similar tissue type, but it is not identical.
What is autoimmunity? - ANSWER ✔✔Failure of central and
peripheral tolerance, sequestration, and regulatory mechanisms
§ Central tolerance occurs in primary lymphoid tissue (thymus for T cells
and bone marrow for B cells) when lymphocytes are maturing. With
central tolerance, B or T cells that are autoreactive (bind to self) are
destroyed or suppressed.
§ In the secondary lymphoid tissue (e.g., lymph nodes, spleen) where B
and T cells migrate, peripheral tolerance and self-antigens are simply not
recognized.
§ In normal immunity, self-antigens are often sequestered, and the
immune system has regulatory mechanisms that limit the degree of
immune reactivity
§ Exogenous triggers or endogenous abnormalities
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3
, What is allogenic? - ANSWER ✔✔Those in which tissue used is from
the same species and is of similar tissue type but it is not identical. Most
transplants are allogenic.
What is autologous? - ANSWER ✔✔hosts and donor are the same
person for transplants.
DESCRIBE THE PROCESS OF THE LOCAL INFLAMMATORY
RESPONSE - ANSWER ✔✔o The same sequence of response
occurs no matter the type of injury or prior exposure as there is no
memory involved.
o Part of the body's innate immunity and is non-discriminatory.
o When cells and body tissues are injured, regardless of the cause, the
inflammatory response is triggered.
Describe the Acute phase of inflammation - ANSWER ✔✔Starts
immediately after the injury and continues until the threat is eliminated
(hours to days)
Describe the chronic phase of inflammation - ANSWER ✔✔o Takes
over until healing and repair are complete (weeks or months).
o Both acute and chronic inflammation lead to local and systemic effects
Guide 2026/2027 Exam
Questions and Answers | 100%
Pass
What is innate immunity? - ANSWER ✔✔provides immediate
protection and is nonspecific, meaning it provides protection against all
invaders.
What is adaptative immunity? - ANSWER ✔✔Can take 7-10 days to
provide protection, but it is specific to the antigens.
,What is antigen? - ANSWER ✔✔a foreign agent that triggers the
production of antibodies by the immune system
What is antibody (immunoglobulin)? - ANSWER ✔✔a protein used by
the immune system to identify and neutralized foreign agents, such as
viruses and bacteria
What is autoantibody? - ANSWER ✔✔an antibody made by the
immune system that attacks an individual's own proteins
What is lysozyme? - ANSWER ✔✔an enzyme that dissolves bacterial
cell walls.
What is pyrogens? - ANSWER ✔✔Molecules that cause the systemic
response of fever
What is Humoral immunity? - ANSWER ✔✔interaction to produce
antibodies against the antigen (B-Cell function or humoral immunity)
What is cell-mediated immunity? - ANSWER ✔✔is the main
mechanism by which the body fights the tubercle bacillus and starts a
few weeks after infection.
What is Human Leukocyte antigen system? - ANSWER ✔✔known as
major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in humans, HLA system as the
genes are expressed on the surface of the WBC.
,What is alloimmunity? - ANSWER ✔✔Four types of tissue transplants
are possible—allogeneic, syngeneic, autologous, and xenogenic.
§ Allogeneic transplants are those in which the tissue used is from the
same species and is of similar tissue type, but it is not identical.
What is autoimmunity? - ANSWER ✔✔Failure of central and
peripheral tolerance, sequestration, and regulatory mechanisms
§ Central tolerance occurs in primary lymphoid tissue (thymus for T cells
and bone marrow for B cells) when lymphocytes are maturing. With
central tolerance, B or T cells that are autoreactive (bind to self) are
destroyed or suppressed.
§ In the secondary lymphoid tissue (e.g., lymph nodes, spleen) where B
and T cells migrate, peripheral tolerance and self-antigens are simply not
recognized.
§ In normal immunity, self-antigens are often sequestered, and the
immune system has regulatory mechanisms that limit the degree of
immune reactivity
§ Exogenous triggers or endogenous abnormalities
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, What is allogenic? - ANSWER ✔✔Those in which tissue used is from
the same species and is of similar tissue type but it is not identical. Most
transplants are allogenic.
What is autologous? - ANSWER ✔✔hosts and donor are the same
person for transplants.
DESCRIBE THE PROCESS OF THE LOCAL INFLAMMATORY
RESPONSE - ANSWER ✔✔o The same sequence of response
occurs no matter the type of injury or prior exposure as there is no
memory involved.
o Part of the body's innate immunity and is non-discriminatory.
o When cells and body tissues are injured, regardless of the cause, the
inflammatory response is triggered.
Describe the Acute phase of inflammation - ANSWER ✔✔Starts
immediately after the injury and continues until the threat is eliminated
(hours to days)
Describe the chronic phase of inflammation - ANSWER ✔✔o Takes
over until healing and repair are complete (weeks or months).
o Both acute and chronic inflammation lead to local and systemic effects
