Prehospital Emergency Pharmacology, 8e (Bledsoe/Clayden)
Chapter 1 General Information
1) The study of natural drug sources that has been expanded to include chemicals developed and
used in laboratory research most correctly describes:
A) Pharmacology.
B) Pharmacodynamics.
C) Pharmacognosy.
D) Pharmacokinetics.
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their actions on the body.
B) Pharmacodynamics refers to the mechanisms by which medications produce biochemical or
physiological changes in the body.
C) Study of natural drug sources that has been expanded to include chemicals developed and
used in lab research.
D) The study of how medications enter the body, reach their site of action and eventually
become eliminated.
Page Ref: 2
2) Atropine is a powerful organic alkaloid that reacts with acid to form a salt that is readily
soluble in body fluids. From which of the following sources is atropine derived?
A) Plant
B) Animal
C) Mineral
D) Synthetic
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Atropine is developed from the plant Atropa belladonna.
B) Animal sources are extracted from the body fluids of animals.
C) Mineral sources provide inorganic material not available from plants or animals.
D) Synthetic sources are created in the lab using processes such as recombinant DNA. They may
be used in combination with natural sources.
Page Ref: 3
3) Examples of synthetically produced medications include:
A) Diazepam, fentanyl, and adenosine.
B) Pepsin, pancreatin, and oxytocin.
C) Atropine, morphine, and digitalis.
D) Magnesium, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium chloride.
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Diazepam, fentanyl, and adenosine are all produced synthetically.
B) Pepsin, pancreatin, and oxytocin are derived from animal sources.
C) Atropine, morphine, and digitalis are identified as plant sources.
D) Magnesium, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium chloride are identified as mineral sources of
drugs.
Page Ref: 3
1
Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 4) In order to obtain the MOST current information related to a medication, it is suggested that
the prehospital provider:
A) Use only local protocol as your source.
B) Use multiple sources and compare information in conjunction with medical direction.
C) Rely on an EMS guide as the sole source of information.
D) Utilize the internet as a resource because it is most correct.
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Local protocols may not encompass the many medications currently available.
B) Using multiple sources as well as comparing information will provide the provider with the
most current information. Medical direction is also imperative.
C) While EMS guides may provide some information, they may not include all relevant
information.
D) Internet sources are sometimes difficult to determine validity of information present and
should be verified.
Page Ref: 4, 5
5) A tool that may be readily available and carried by the prehospital provider for field use when
seeking information regarding an unknown medication is:
A) United States Pharmacopeia.
B) Physicians' Desk Reference.
C) Drug information/hospital formulary.
D) Smart phone.
Answer: D
Explanation: A) The United States Pharmacopeia contains all current drugs, but is not readily
available.
B) The Physicians' Desk Reference, while useful, is not typically readily available or practical at
the scene of an emergency.
C) The drug information/hospital formulary is generally not used in the prehospital setting.
D) Specific applications are available for most smart phones that contain readily available
information related to both prescribed and non-prescription medications.
Page Ref: 5
2
Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 1 General Information
1) The study of natural drug sources that has been expanded to include chemicals developed and
used in laboratory research most correctly describes:
A) Pharmacology.
B) Pharmacodynamics.
C) Pharmacognosy.
D) Pharmacokinetics.
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their actions on the body.
B) Pharmacodynamics refers to the mechanisms by which medications produce biochemical or
physiological changes in the body.
C) Study of natural drug sources that has been expanded to include chemicals developed and
used in lab research.
D) The study of how medications enter the body, reach their site of action and eventually
become eliminated.
Page Ref: 2
2) Atropine is a powerful organic alkaloid that reacts with acid to form a salt that is readily
soluble in body fluids. From which of the following sources is atropine derived?
A) Plant
B) Animal
C) Mineral
D) Synthetic
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Atropine is developed from the plant Atropa belladonna.
B) Animal sources are extracted from the body fluids of animals.
C) Mineral sources provide inorganic material not available from plants or animals.
D) Synthetic sources are created in the lab using processes such as recombinant DNA. They may
be used in combination with natural sources.
Page Ref: 3
3) Examples of synthetically produced medications include:
A) Diazepam, fentanyl, and adenosine.
B) Pepsin, pancreatin, and oxytocin.
C) Atropine, morphine, and digitalis.
D) Magnesium, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium chloride.
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Diazepam, fentanyl, and adenosine are all produced synthetically.
B) Pepsin, pancreatin, and oxytocin are derived from animal sources.
C) Atropine, morphine, and digitalis are identified as plant sources.
D) Magnesium, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium chloride are identified as mineral sources of
drugs.
Page Ref: 3
1
Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 4) In order to obtain the MOST current information related to a medication, it is suggested that
the prehospital provider:
A) Use only local protocol as your source.
B) Use multiple sources and compare information in conjunction with medical direction.
C) Rely on an EMS guide as the sole source of information.
D) Utilize the internet as a resource because it is most correct.
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Local protocols may not encompass the many medications currently available.
B) Using multiple sources as well as comparing information will provide the provider with the
most current information. Medical direction is also imperative.
C) While EMS guides may provide some information, they may not include all relevant
information.
D) Internet sources are sometimes difficult to determine validity of information present and
should be verified.
Page Ref: 4, 5
5) A tool that may be readily available and carried by the prehospital provider for field use when
seeking information regarding an unknown medication is:
A) United States Pharmacopeia.
B) Physicians' Desk Reference.
C) Drug information/hospital formulary.
D) Smart phone.
Answer: D
Explanation: A) The United States Pharmacopeia contains all current drugs, but is not readily
available.
B) The Physicians' Desk Reference, while useful, is not typically readily available or practical at
the scene of an emergency.
C) The drug information/hospital formulary is generally not used in the prehospital setting.
D) Specific applications are available for most smart phones that contain readily available
information related to both prescribed and non-prescription medications.
Page Ref: 5
2
Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc.
