Chapter 01: Fundamentals of Pharmacology
Moscou: Pharmacology for Pharmacy Technicians, 3rd Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. By which of the following routes are drugs administered directly into the bloodstream?
a. Enteral
b. Transdermal
c. Transmucosal
d. Intravenous
ANS: D
Parenteral drugs are injected or infused (slowly injected) directly into a blood vessel, muscle,
skin, or joint; IV, IM, subcut, and intrathecal are common routes. Enteral (oral) route requires
going through the GI system, transdermal (through the dermis) route requires lipid solubility,
and transmucosal (through a membrane) route requires crossing a mucous membrane, which
are not directly into the bloodstream.
DIF: Cognitive level 2: Comprehension REF: p. p0715 OBJ: 1 | 6
2. Fentanyl is used as a _____.
a. synthetic anesthetic
b. synthetic analgesic
c. natural analgesic
d. natural anesthetic
ANS: B
Fentanyl is a synthetically manufactured analgesic, made by chemical synthesis to mimic the
natural drug opium for the relief of pain. Synthetic anesthetics are chemically synthesized for
the lack of response to pain. Natural products are found in nature typically derived from
plants, animals, or minerals; fentanyl is not a natural product and therefore would not be used
as a natural analgesic.
DIF: Cognitive level 2: Comprehension REF: p. p0425 OBJ: 5 | 7
3. To help reduce nausea, the natural drug _____ can be used.
a. digitalis
b. peppermint
c. caffeine
d. quinine
ANS: B
Some common beverages and foods are natural drugs. Coffee and tea contain the drug
caffeine. Ginger and peppermint contain ingredients that can reduce nausea. While the other
options are natural drugs, they are not used as a drug to reduce nausea.
DIF: Cognitive level 3: Application REF: p. p0420 OBJ: 5
, 4. Which of the following options results in an untrue statement about pharmacy technicians?
Pharmacy technicians who possess a good knowledge of pharmacology understand the
importance of _____.
a. drug interactions
b. therapeutic duplication
c. lab values
d. excessive dose alerts
ANS: C
Knowledge of pharmacology facilitates selection of warning labels for drugs dispensed.
Pharmacy technicians who possess a good knowledge of pharmacology understand the
importance of recognizing drug interactions, therapeutic duplication, and excessive dose alerts
screened by the computer. Knowing and interpreting lab values is beyond the scope of a
pharmacy technician and is left to the professional judgment of the pharmacist.
DIF: Cognitive level 2: Comprehension REF: p. p0140 OBJ: 1
5. Which of the following was passed to protect the public from ineffective and harmful drugs
and later expanded to standardize new drugs getting to market?
a. Durham-Humphrey Amendment
b. Controlled Substance Act
c. Pure Food and Drug Act
d. Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act
ANS: C
In 1906, the Pure Food and Drug Act was passed to protect the public from ineffective and
harmful drugs. This Act was expanded in 1938, and standards for allowing new drugs onto the
market were set. The Durham-Humphrey Amendment (1951) established the distinction
between legend drugs and drugs that could safely be used by the public without supervision
by a health care provider. The Controlled Substance Act helps regulate controlled substances
by placing them in various schedules based on abuse potential. The Combat
Methamphetamine Epidemic Act regulates, among other things, retail over-the-counter sales
of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine products used to manufacture
crystal meth.
DIF: Cognitive level 2: Comprehension REF: p. p0440 OBJ: 3
6. Which of the following is the phase of the drug approval process that initially determines the
safety and efficacy in those with the disease being studied?
a. Phase 1
b. Phase 2
c. Phase 3
d. Phase 4
ANS: B
Moscou: Pharmacology for Pharmacy Technicians, 3rd Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. By which of the following routes are drugs administered directly into the bloodstream?
a. Enteral
b. Transdermal
c. Transmucosal
d. Intravenous
ANS: D
Parenteral drugs are injected or infused (slowly injected) directly into a blood vessel, muscle,
skin, or joint; IV, IM, subcut, and intrathecal are common routes. Enteral (oral) route requires
going through the GI system, transdermal (through the dermis) route requires lipid solubility,
and transmucosal (through a membrane) route requires crossing a mucous membrane, which
are not directly into the bloodstream.
DIF: Cognitive level 2: Comprehension REF: p. p0715 OBJ: 1 | 6
2. Fentanyl is used as a _____.
a. synthetic anesthetic
b. synthetic analgesic
c. natural analgesic
d. natural anesthetic
ANS: B
Fentanyl is a synthetically manufactured analgesic, made by chemical synthesis to mimic the
natural drug opium for the relief of pain. Synthetic anesthetics are chemically synthesized for
the lack of response to pain. Natural products are found in nature typically derived from
plants, animals, or minerals; fentanyl is not a natural product and therefore would not be used
as a natural analgesic.
DIF: Cognitive level 2: Comprehension REF: p. p0425 OBJ: 5 | 7
3. To help reduce nausea, the natural drug _____ can be used.
a. digitalis
b. peppermint
c. caffeine
d. quinine
ANS: B
Some common beverages and foods are natural drugs. Coffee and tea contain the drug
caffeine. Ginger and peppermint contain ingredients that can reduce nausea. While the other
options are natural drugs, they are not used as a drug to reduce nausea.
DIF: Cognitive level 3: Application REF: p. p0420 OBJ: 5
, 4. Which of the following options results in an untrue statement about pharmacy technicians?
Pharmacy technicians who possess a good knowledge of pharmacology understand the
importance of _____.
a. drug interactions
b. therapeutic duplication
c. lab values
d. excessive dose alerts
ANS: C
Knowledge of pharmacology facilitates selection of warning labels for drugs dispensed.
Pharmacy technicians who possess a good knowledge of pharmacology understand the
importance of recognizing drug interactions, therapeutic duplication, and excessive dose alerts
screened by the computer. Knowing and interpreting lab values is beyond the scope of a
pharmacy technician and is left to the professional judgment of the pharmacist.
DIF: Cognitive level 2: Comprehension REF: p. p0140 OBJ: 1
5. Which of the following was passed to protect the public from ineffective and harmful drugs
and later expanded to standardize new drugs getting to market?
a. Durham-Humphrey Amendment
b. Controlled Substance Act
c. Pure Food and Drug Act
d. Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act
ANS: C
In 1906, the Pure Food and Drug Act was passed to protect the public from ineffective and
harmful drugs. This Act was expanded in 1938, and standards for allowing new drugs onto the
market were set. The Durham-Humphrey Amendment (1951) established the distinction
between legend drugs and drugs that could safely be used by the public without supervision
by a health care provider. The Controlled Substance Act helps regulate controlled substances
by placing them in various schedules based on abuse potential. The Combat
Methamphetamine Epidemic Act regulates, among other things, retail over-the-counter sales
of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine products used to manufacture
crystal meth.
DIF: Cognitive level 2: Comprehension REF: p. p0440 OBJ: 3
6. Which of the following is the phase of the drug approval process that initially determines the
safety and efficacy in those with the disease being studied?
a. Phase 1
b. Phase 2
c. Phase 3
d. Phase 4
ANS: B
