SYG 2000 UF EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

SYG 2000 UF EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 Sociological imagination - the ability to connect the most basic, intimate aspects of an individuals life to seemingly impersonal and remote historical forces The Chicago School - Had the most empirical research. Known for its premise: humans' behaviors and personalities are shaped by their social and physical environments, a concept known as social ecology. The Looking Glass Self - (Cooley) the self emerges from an interactive social process. We envision how others perceive us; then we gauge the responses of other individuals to our presentation of self. The generalized Other - our view of the views of society as a whole that transcends individuals or particular situations Functionalism - The theory that various social institutions and processes in society exist to serve some important (or necessary) function to keep society running Feminism Theory - Emphasizes equality between men and women and want to see women's lives and experiences represented in sociological studies. Symbolic Interaction Theory - The micro-level theory in which shared meanings, orientations, and assumptions form the basic motivations behind people's actions. Mirco vs. Macro Sociology - Mirco= face-to-face interactions create the social world Macro= big theories of society Qualitative vs. Quantitative Sociology - Quant= can be distributed in numerical form Qual= norms spread over time Research Methods - approaches that social scientists use for investigating the answers to questions Qualitative vs. Quantitative Approaches - Quant= seek to obtain info about the social world and can be put in numerical form Qual= collect info about social world that can't be put in numerical form Deductive vs. Inductive Methods - deduct= theory, form hypothesis, make observations, analyze data, reject/modify theory induct= starts with the observations then tries to make a theory Causality vs. Correlation - Causality= thing A is the reason why thing B occurred Correlation= two things happen around the same time or simultaneous variation occurred between them Dependent Variables - the outcome that the researcher is trying to explain (not changed) Independent Variables - a measured factor that the researcher believes has a causal impact on the dependent variable. Hypothesis - a proposed relationship between two variables Hypothesis Testing - after assigning independent and dependent variables, stating the hypothesis and alternative hypothesis, you conduct a study to test your hypothesis to see if it is true. Material culture - everything that is a part of our constructed, physical environment, including technology. Nonmaterial culture - values, beliefs, behaviors, and social norms Ideology - a system of concepts and relationships; an understanding of cause and effect. Subculture - the distinct cultural values and behavioral patterns of a particular group in society; a group united by sets of concepts, values, symbols, and shared meaning specific to the members of that group and distinctive enough to distinguish it from others within the same culture or society. High and Low Culture - society tends to value "high" culture over low "pop" culture; for example- society tends to value the paintings of Van Gogh over graffiti or comic book art, or classical music over rock or hip-hop. Media - any formats or vehicles that carry, present, or communicate information. Hegemony - a condition by which a dominant group uses its power to elicit the voluntary "consent" of the masses. Domination - One of Gramsci's ideas; getting people to do what you want them to do by force; contrasts hegemony. Media effects - short-term deliberate effect example would be advertising. As a kid, you may have watched Saturday morning cartoons; watch them now and keep track of the advertisements for children's food. Long-term deliberate example are public service announcements; generally used by not-for-profit organizations to educate the public. Short-term, unintended example- teenagers playing violent video games & then going out to commit crimes almost identical to those in teh games. Long-term, unintended example- we have grown accustomed to all the violence and sexually explicit material in films, on tv, and on internet. Media concentration - Ownership of multiple media outlets Socialization - the process by which individuals internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of a given society and learn to function as members of that society. Limits of Socialization - However, it cannot explain everything about a person's development and personality. Biology is also a very important component. It is a combination of biology and social interactions that makes us who we are. Looking Glass Self Theory - Cooley's term to refer to the process by which our "self" develops through internalizing others' reaction to us. I, Me, Other - I - one's sense of agency, action, or power. Me-the self as perceived as an object by the "I"; as the self as one imagines others perceive one. Other-someone or something outside of oneself. Agents of Socialization - Family, Schools, Peers and Media. The socialization that we receive in childhood has a lasting effect on our ability to interact with others in society. Symbolic Interactionism - a micro-level theory in which shared meanings, orientations, and assumptions form the basic motivations behind people's actions. Dramaturgical Theory - Dramaturgical Theory the view (advanced by Erving Goffman) of social life as essentially a theatrical performance, in which we are all actors on metaphorical stages, with roles, scripts, costumes, and sets. Ethnomethodology - literally "the methods of the people," this approach to studying human interaction focuses on the ways in which we make sense of our world, convey this understanding to others, and produce a mutually shared social order. Group Conformity and Authority - Conformity is the act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to group norms. Norms are implicit, unsaid rules, shared by a group of individuals, that guide their interactions with others. (LINE TEST) Social Network - a set of relations—essentially, a set of dyads—held together by ties between individuals. Ties - a set of stories that explains our relationship to the other members of our network. Embeddness - the degree to which ties are reinforced through indirect paths within a social network. Strength of Weak Ties - the notion that often relatively weak ties turn out to be quite valuable because they yield new information. Structural Holes - a gap between network clusters, or even two individuals, if those individuals (or clusters) have complementary resources. Six Degrees of Separation - Six degrees of separation is the theory that everyone and everything is six or fewer steps away, by way of introduction, from any other person in the world, so that a chain of "a friend of a friend" statements can be made to connect any two people in a maximum of six steps. Social Capital - the information, knowledge of people, and connections that help individuals enter, gain power in, or otherwise leverage social networks. Informal vs. Formal Deviance - Formal= has actual punishment Informal= gestures and comments Functional Explanations of Deviance - external factors, environment, nurture Social Control Theories - is what sociologists refer to as the set of mechanisms that create normative compliance Formal vs. Informal Social Sanctions - Formal social sanctions: mechanisms of social control by which rules or laws prohibit deviant criminal behavior. Informal social sanctions: the usually unexpressed but widely known rules of group membership; the unspoken rules of social life. Normative Compliance - the act of abiding by society‟s norms or simply following the rules of group life