SYG 2000 FINAL EXAM 3 VERIFIED STUDY GUIDE
Sociological Imagination - Answers - the ability to connect the most basic, intimate
aspects of an individual's life to seemingly impersonal and remote historical forces.
Verstehen - Answers - German; understanding. The concept of Verstehen forms the
object of inquiry for interpretive sociology-- to study how social actors understand their
actions and the social world through experience.
Double Consciousness - Answers - two behavioral scripts, one for moving through the
world and the other incorporating the external opinions of prejudiced onlookers, which
are constantly maintained by African Americans.
Conflict Theory - Answers - the idea that conflict between competing interests is the
basic, animating force of social change and society in general.
Feminist Theory - Answers - emphasis on equality between men and women; interested
in how power relationships are defined, shaped, and reproduced on the basis of gender
differences
Symbolic Interaction Theory - Answers - a nationality, not in the sense of carrying the
rights and duties of citizenship but identifying with a past or future nationality. For later
generations of white ethnics, something not constraining but easily expressed, with no
risks of stigma and all the pleasures of feeling like an individual.
Post-Modernism Theory - Answers - a condition characterized by a questioning of the
notion of progress and history, the replacement of narrative within pastiche, and
multiple, perhaps even conflicting, identities resulting from disjointed affiliations
Qualitative - Answers - methods that attempt to collect information about the social
world that cannot be readily converted to numeric form.
Quantitative - Answers - methods that seeks to obtains information about the social
worlds that is already or can be converted to numeric form.
Deductive approach - Answers - a research approach that starts with a theory, forms a
hypothesis, makes empirical observations, and then analyzes the data to confirm,
reject, or modify the original theory.
Inductive approach - Answers - a research approach that starts with empirical
observations and then works to form a theory.
Causality - Answers - the notion that a change in one factor results in a corresponding
change in another.
, Correlation - Answers - simultaneous variation in two variables.
Dependent Variable - Answers - the outcome that the researcher is trying to explain
Independent Variable - Answers - a measured factor that the researcher believes has a
crucial impact on the dependent variable.
Hypothesis - Answers - a proposed relationship between two variables.
Culture - Answers - a set beliefs, traditions, and practices; the sum total of social
categories and concepts we embrace in addition to beliefs, behaviors (except instinctual
ones), and practices; that which is not the natural environment around us.
Ethnocentrism - Answers - the belief that one's own culture or group is superior to
others and the tendency to view all other cultures from the perspective of one's own
Material culture - Answers - everything that is a part of our constructed, physical
enviroment, including technology.
Nonmaterial culture - Answers - values, beliefs, behaviors, and social norms.
Idealogy - Answers - a system of concepts and relationships, and understanding of
cause and effect.
Cultural relativism - Answers - taking into account the differences across cultures
without passing judgent or assigning value.
Cultural Scripts - Answers - modes of behavior and understanding that are not universal
or natural
Subculture - Answers - the distinct cultural value and behavioral patterns of a particular
group in society; a group united by sets of concepts, values symbols, and shared
meaning specific to the members of that group distinctive enough to distinguish it from
others within the same culture or society.
Hegemony - Answers - a condition by which a dominant group uses its power to elicit
the voluntary "consent" of the masses.
Political Economy of the Media - Answers - most broadcasting companies are privately
owned and are supported financially by advertising; 6 major companies own more than
90 percent of the media; as corporate control becomes more and more centralized, the
concern is that the range of options available will decrease and that corporate
censorship will further compromise the already-tarnished integrity of the mainstream
media
Sociological Imagination - Answers - the ability to connect the most basic, intimate
aspects of an individual's life to seemingly impersonal and remote historical forces.
Verstehen - Answers - German; understanding. The concept of Verstehen forms the
object of inquiry for interpretive sociology-- to study how social actors understand their
actions and the social world through experience.
Double Consciousness - Answers - two behavioral scripts, one for moving through the
world and the other incorporating the external opinions of prejudiced onlookers, which
are constantly maintained by African Americans.
Conflict Theory - Answers - the idea that conflict between competing interests is the
basic, animating force of social change and society in general.
Feminist Theory - Answers - emphasis on equality between men and women; interested
in how power relationships are defined, shaped, and reproduced on the basis of gender
differences
Symbolic Interaction Theory - Answers - a nationality, not in the sense of carrying the
rights and duties of citizenship but identifying with a past or future nationality. For later
generations of white ethnics, something not constraining but easily expressed, with no
risks of stigma and all the pleasures of feeling like an individual.
Post-Modernism Theory - Answers - a condition characterized by a questioning of the
notion of progress and history, the replacement of narrative within pastiche, and
multiple, perhaps even conflicting, identities resulting from disjointed affiliations
Qualitative - Answers - methods that attempt to collect information about the social
world that cannot be readily converted to numeric form.
Quantitative - Answers - methods that seeks to obtains information about the social
worlds that is already or can be converted to numeric form.
Deductive approach - Answers - a research approach that starts with a theory, forms a
hypothesis, makes empirical observations, and then analyzes the data to confirm,
reject, or modify the original theory.
Inductive approach - Answers - a research approach that starts with empirical
observations and then works to form a theory.
Causality - Answers - the notion that a change in one factor results in a corresponding
change in another.
, Correlation - Answers - simultaneous variation in two variables.
Dependent Variable - Answers - the outcome that the researcher is trying to explain
Independent Variable - Answers - a measured factor that the researcher believes has a
crucial impact on the dependent variable.
Hypothesis - Answers - a proposed relationship between two variables.
Culture - Answers - a set beliefs, traditions, and practices; the sum total of social
categories and concepts we embrace in addition to beliefs, behaviors (except instinctual
ones), and practices; that which is not the natural environment around us.
Ethnocentrism - Answers - the belief that one's own culture or group is superior to
others and the tendency to view all other cultures from the perspective of one's own
Material culture - Answers - everything that is a part of our constructed, physical
enviroment, including technology.
Nonmaterial culture - Answers - values, beliefs, behaviors, and social norms.
Idealogy - Answers - a system of concepts and relationships, and understanding of
cause and effect.
Cultural relativism - Answers - taking into account the differences across cultures
without passing judgent or assigning value.
Cultural Scripts - Answers - modes of behavior and understanding that are not universal
or natural
Subculture - Answers - the distinct cultural value and behavioral patterns of a particular
group in society; a group united by sets of concepts, values symbols, and shared
meaning specific to the members of that group distinctive enough to distinguish it from
others within the same culture or society.
Hegemony - Answers - a condition by which a dominant group uses its power to elicit
the voluntary "consent" of the masses.
Political Economy of the Media - Answers - most broadcasting companies are privately
owned and are supported financially by advertising; 6 major companies own more than
90 percent of the media; as corporate control becomes more and more centralized, the
concern is that the range of options available will decrease and that corporate
censorship will further compromise the already-tarnished integrity of the mainstream
media
