Strayer University SCI 220 Exam 2 (pdf) | 2026/2027 | Anatomy &
Physiology I Q&A | Anatomy
1. What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?
A) Hormone secretion
B) Transport of substances
C) Digestion
D) Movement
Correct Answer: Transport of substances
Rationale: The cardiovascular system transports oxygen, nutrients,
hormones, and wastes throughout the body. It consists of the heart, blood
vessels, and blood, all working together to maintain homeostasis by
delivering essential substances to tissues and removing metabolic waste
products.
2. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
A) Left atrium
B) Left ventricle
C) Right atrium
D) Right ventricle
Correct Answer: Right ventricle
Rationale: The right ventricle sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the
pulmonary artery for oxygenation. The left ventricle pumps oxygenated
blood to the rest of the body through the aorta, and the atria receive blood
returning to the heart.
,3. Which valve prevents backflow into the left atrium?
A) Tricuspid
B) Pulmonary
C) Mitral
D) Aortic
Correct Answer: Mitral
Rationale: The mitral (bicuspid) valve separates the left atrium and left
ventricle, preventing backflow of blood into the left atrium during ventricular
contraction. The tricuspid valve is on the right side, while the pulmonary and
aortic valves are semilunar valves.
4. What type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
A) Veins
B) Capillaries
C) Arteries
D) Venules
Correct Answer: Arteries
Rationale: Arteries carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.
Veins return blood to the heart, capillaries are the sites of gas and nutrient
exchange, and venules are small veins that collect blood from capillaries.
5. Where does gas exchange occur in the circulatory system?
A) Arteries
B) Veins
,C) Capillaries
D) Atria
Correct Answer: Capillaries
Rationale: Capillaries have thin walls that allow exchange of gases and
nutrients between blood and tissues. Their single-cell-thick endothelial layer
facilitates diffusion of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other substances.
6. What is the pacemaker of the heart?
A) AV node
B) SA node
C) Bundle of His
D) Purkinje fibers
Correct Answer: SA node
Rationale: The SA (sinoatrial) node initiates electrical impulses that control
heart rhythm and is therefore known as the pacemaker of the heart. It is
located in the right atrium and sets the normal sinus rhythm.
7. What carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
A) Pulmonary artery
B) Aorta
C) Pulmonary veins
D) Vena cava
Correct Answer: Pulmonary veins
, Rationale: Pulmonary veins are unique among veins in that they carry
oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. All other veins carry
deoxygenated blood, while the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood
to the lungs.
8. What is the largest artery in the human body?
A) Pulmonary artery
B) Aorta
C) Carotid artery
D) Femoral artery
Correct Answer: Aorta
Rationale: The aorta is the largest artery in the body, arising from the left
ventricle and distributing oxygenated blood to all systemic arteries. It has a
large diameter to accommodate the high volume of blood pumped from the
heart.
9. What is the function of the lymphatic system?
A) Hormone secretion
B) Immunity and fluid balance
C) Movement
D) Hormones
Correct Answer: Immunity and fluid balance
Physiology I Q&A | Anatomy
1. What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?
A) Hormone secretion
B) Transport of substances
C) Digestion
D) Movement
Correct Answer: Transport of substances
Rationale: The cardiovascular system transports oxygen, nutrients,
hormones, and wastes throughout the body. It consists of the heart, blood
vessels, and blood, all working together to maintain homeostasis by
delivering essential substances to tissues and removing metabolic waste
products.
2. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
A) Left atrium
B) Left ventricle
C) Right atrium
D) Right ventricle
Correct Answer: Right ventricle
Rationale: The right ventricle sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the
pulmonary artery for oxygenation. The left ventricle pumps oxygenated
blood to the rest of the body through the aorta, and the atria receive blood
returning to the heart.
,3. Which valve prevents backflow into the left atrium?
A) Tricuspid
B) Pulmonary
C) Mitral
D) Aortic
Correct Answer: Mitral
Rationale: The mitral (bicuspid) valve separates the left atrium and left
ventricle, preventing backflow of blood into the left atrium during ventricular
contraction. The tricuspid valve is on the right side, while the pulmonary and
aortic valves are semilunar valves.
4. What type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
A) Veins
B) Capillaries
C) Arteries
D) Venules
Correct Answer: Arteries
Rationale: Arteries carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.
Veins return blood to the heart, capillaries are the sites of gas and nutrient
exchange, and venules are small veins that collect blood from capillaries.
5. Where does gas exchange occur in the circulatory system?
A) Arteries
B) Veins
,C) Capillaries
D) Atria
Correct Answer: Capillaries
Rationale: Capillaries have thin walls that allow exchange of gases and
nutrients between blood and tissues. Their single-cell-thick endothelial layer
facilitates diffusion of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other substances.
6. What is the pacemaker of the heart?
A) AV node
B) SA node
C) Bundle of His
D) Purkinje fibers
Correct Answer: SA node
Rationale: The SA (sinoatrial) node initiates electrical impulses that control
heart rhythm and is therefore known as the pacemaker of the heart. It is
located in the right atrium and sets the normal sinus rhythm.
7. What carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
A) Pulmonary artery
B) Aorta
C) Pulmonary veins
D) Vena cava
Correct Answer: Pulmonary veins
, Rationale: Pulmonary veins are unique among veins in that they carry
oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. All other veins carry
deoxygenated blood, while the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood
to the lungs.
8. What is the largest artery in the human body?
A) Pulmonary artery
B) Aorta
C) Carotid artery
D) Femoral artery
Correct Answer: Aorta
Rationale: The aorta is the largest artery in the body, arising from the left
ventricle and distributing oxygenated blood to all systemic arteries. It has a
large diameter to accommodate the high volume of blood pumped from the
heart.
9. What is the function of the lymphatic system?
A) Hormone secretion
B) Immunity and fluid balance
C) Movement
D) Hormones
Correct Answer: Immunity and fluid balance
