ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE STUDY QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Energy Pyramid - ✔✔-diagram showing the loss of energy at each level of the food
chain
-how much energy is available at each level
-most energy available at the base (producers)
-less energy available at the top (carnivores and scavengers)
✔✔Habitat - ✔✔-the environment where an organism lives
Examples:
-pond
-grassland
-desert
-ocean
✔✔Prey - ✔✔-the organism that is eaten
-a bird eats a worm, the worm is the prey
✔✔Predator - ✔✔-the organism that eats the prey
-a bird eats a worm, the bird is the predator
✔✔renewable resources - ✔✔Any natural resource that can replenish itself in a
relatively short period of time, usually no longer than the length of a human life.
, ✔✔non-renewable resource - ✔✔A resource that takes so long to form that it can't be
replaced. For example, coal, oil, and natural gas which takes millions of years to form, is
such of a resource.
✔✔hydrologic cycle - ✔✔The cycle through which water in the hydrosphere moves;
includes such processes as evaporation, precipitation, and surface and groundwater
runoff
✔✔genetically modified food - ✔✔GMO
Foods that are mostly products or organisms that have their genes altered in a
laboratory for specific purposes, such as disease resistance, increased productivity, or
nutritional value allowing growers greater control, predictability, and efficiency.
✔✔photosynthesis - ✔✔Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.
6CO2 + 6H2O + light --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
✔✔hydrogen bond - ✔✔Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a
slightly negative atom.
✔✔polarity of water - ✔✔has polar covalent bonds; H is partially positive, O is partially
negative
✔✔Properties of water - ✔✔cohesion, adhesion, excellent solvent, solid is less dense
than liquid, specific heat
✔✔Ice floats on water because - ✔✔its molecules are less densely packed than those
in liquid water
✔✔high specific heat - ✔✔The ability of water to resist changes in temperature.
✔✔universal solvent - ✔✔Water- due to its polarity and ability to dissolve many different
solutes
✔✔Acids pH - ✔✔substances that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water; ph 1-
6
✔✔Base pH - ✔✔Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a
solution; pH 7-14
✔✔Solution - ✔✔A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.
✔✔Solute - ✔✔A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
✔✔Solvent - ✔✔A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Energy Pyramid - ✔✔-diagram showing the loss of energy at each level of the food
chain
-how much energy is available at each level
-most energy available at the base (producers)
-less energy available at the top (carnivores and scavengers)
✔✔Habitat - ✔✔-the environment where an organism lives
Examples:
-pond
-grassland
-desert
-ocean
✔✔Prey - ✔✔-the organism that is eaten
-a bird eats a worm, the worm is the prey
✔✔Predator - ✔✔-the organism that eats the prey
-a bird eats a worm, the bird is the predator
✔✔renewable resources - ✔✔Any natural resource that can replenish itself in a
relatively short period of time, usually no longer than the length of a human life.
, ✔✔non-renewable resource - ✔✔A resource that takes so long to form that it can't be
replaced. For example, coal, oil, and natural gas which takes millions of years to form, is
such of a resource.
✔✔hydrologic cycle - ✔✔The cycle through which water in the hydrosphere moves;
includes such processes as evaporation, precipitation, and surface and groundwater
runoff
✔✔genetically modified food - ✔✔GMO
Foods that are mostly products or organisms that have their genes altered in a
laboratory for specific purposes, such as disease resistance, increased productivity, or
nutritional value allowing growers greater control, predictability, and efficiency.
✔✔photosynthesis - ✔✔Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.
6CO2 + 6H2O + light --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
✔✔hydrogen bond - ✔✔Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a
slightly negative atom.
✔✔polarity of water - ✔✔has polar covalent bonds; H is partially positive, O is partially
negative
✔✔Properties of water - ✔✔cohesion, adhesion, excellent solvent, solid is less dense
than liquid, specific heat
✔✔Ice floats on water because - ✔✔its molecules are less densely packed than those
in liquid water
✔✔high specific heat - ✔✔The ability of water to resist changes in temperature.
✔✔universal solvent - ✔✔Water- due to its polarity and ability to dissolve many different
solutes
✔✔Acids pH - ✔✔substances that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water; ph 1-
6
✔✔Base pH - ✔✔Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a
solution; pH 7-14
✔✔Solution - ✔✔A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.
✔✔Solute - ✔✔A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
✔✔Solvent - ✔✔A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
