WGU SCRIPTING PROGRAMMING EVALUATION
TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Sequence diagram - ✔✔A behavioral diagram that shows interaction between
software components and indicates the order of events. These diagrams are commonly
used to illustrate the sequence of events needed to handle a particular scenario in
software.
✔✔Compiled language - ✔✔First converted by a tool (*compiler*) into machine code,
which can run on a particular machine. Examples include C, C++, and Java.
✔✔Interpreted language (scripting language) - ✔✔A language that is run one statement
at a time by another program called an *interpreter*. Examples include Python,
Javascript, C#, and MATLAB.
✔✔Statically typed - ✔✔Each variable's type must be declared and cannot change
while the program runs. (Static means unchanging). C, C++, and Java are popular
examples.
✔✔Dynamically typed - ✔✔A variable's type may change while a program executes,
usually based on what is assigned to the variable. (Dynamic means changing). Python
is a popular example.
✔✔Object - ✔✔In a program, an object consists of some internal data items plus
operations that can be performed on that data.
✔✔Object-oriented language - ✔✔Supports decomposing a program into objects. C++,
Java, Python, and C# provide extensive object-oriented support. In fact, the ++ in C++
suggests C++ is better than C, due in large part to supporting objects. C does not.
MATLAB and Javascript provide some support.
✔✔Markup language - ✔✔Allows a developer to describe a document's content, desired
formatting, or other features. A popular markup language is HTML. *HTML* allows a
, developer to describe the text, links, images, and other features of a web page. While
some people refer to "HTML programming", a markup language is not executed
statement-by-statement like a programming language, and an HTML file is not a
program. Rather, a web browser reads an HTML file and renders the corresponding
web page. An HTML file surround text by different tags to yield different formatting.
✔✔Library - ✔✔A set of pre-written functions (and other terms) that carry out common
tasks that a programmer can use to improve productivity. After including a library with a
program, a programmer can make use of the library's functions. A library's functions
typically all relate to the same purpose, like computing statistics, or like displaying
graphics. A programmer may include several libraries in a single program.
✔✔ Program - ✔✔Consists of instructions executing one at a time.
✔✔Input - ✔✔A program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen,
network, etc.
✔✔Process - ✔✔A programs performs computations on that data, such as adding two
values like x + y.
✔✔Output - ✔✔A programs puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen,
network, etc.
✔✔Computational thinking - ✔✔Creating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem.
✔✔Algorithm - ✔✔A sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
✔✔Statement - ✔✔Carries out some action and executing one at a time.
✔✔String literal - ✔✔Consists of text (characters) within double quotes, as in "Go #57!".
✔✔Cursor - ✔✔Indicates where the next output item will be placed in the output.
✔✔Newline - ✔✔A special two-character sequence \n whose appearance in an output
string literal causes the cursor to move to the next output line. The newline exists
invisibly in the output.
✔✔Comment - ✔✔Text added to a program, read by humans to understand the code,
but ignored by the program when executed.
✔✔Whitespace - ✔✔Refers to blank spaces (space and tab characters) between items
within a statement, and to newlines. Whitespace helps improve readability for humans,
but for execution purposes is mostly ignored.
TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Sequence diagram - ✔✔A behavioral diagram that shows interaction between
software components and indicates the order of events. These diagrams are commonly
used to illustrate the sequence of events needed to handle a particular scenario in
software.
✔✔Compiled language - ✔✔First converted by a tool (*compiler*) into machine code,
which can run on a particular machine. Examples include C, C++, and Java.
✔✔Interpreted language (scripting language) - ✔✔A language that is run one statement
at a time by another program called an *interpreter*. Examples include Python,
Javascript, C#, and MATLAB.
✔✔Statically typed - ✔✔Each variable's type must be declared and cannot change
while the program runs. (Static means unchanging). C, C++, and Java are popular
examples.
✔✔Dynamically typed - ✔✔A variable's type may change while a program executes,
usually based on what is assigned to the variable. (Dynamic means changing). Python
is a popular example.
✔✔Object - ✔✔In a program, an object consists of some internal data items plus
operations that can be performed on that data.
✔✔Object-oriented language - ✔✔Supports decomposing a program into objects. C++,
Java, Python, and C# provide extensive object-oriented support. In fact, the ++ in C++
suggests C++ is better than C, due in large part to supporting objects. C does not.
MATLAB and Javascript provide some support.
✔✔Markup language - ✔✔Allows a developer to describe a document's content, desired
formatting, or other features. A popular markup language is HTML. *HTML* allows a
, developer to describe the text, links, images, and other features of a web page. While
some people refer to "HTML programming", a markup language is not executed
statement-by-statement like a programming language, and an HTML file is not a
program. Rather, a web browser reads an HTML file and renders the corresponding
web page. An HTML file surround text by different tags to yield different formatting.
✔✔Library - ✔✔A set of pre-written functions (and other terms) that carry out common
tasks that a programmer can use to improve productivity. After including a library with a
program, a programmer can make use of the library's functions. A library's functions
typically all relate to the same purpose, like computing statistics, or like displaying
graphics. A programmer may include several libraries in a single program.
✔✔ Program - ✔✔Consists of instructions executing one at a time.
✔✔Input - ✔✔A program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen,
network, etc.
✔✔Process - ✔✔A programs performs computations on that data, such as adding two
values like x + y.
✔✔Output - ✔✔A programs puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen,
network, etc.
✔✔Computational thinking - ✔✔Creating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem.
✔✔Algorithm - ✔✔A sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
✔✔Statement - ✔✔Carries out some action and executing one at a time.
✔✔String literal - ✔✔Consists of text (characters) within double quotes, as in "Go #57!".
✔✔Cursor - ✔✔Indicates where the next output item will be placed in the output.
✔✔Newline - ✔✔A special two-character sequence \n whose appearance in an output
string literal causes the cursor to move to the next output line. The newline exists
invisibly in the output.
✔✔Comment - ✔✔Text added to a program, read by humans to understand the code,
but ignored by the program when executed.
✔✔Whitespace - ✔✔Refers to blank spaces (space and tab characters) between items
within a statement, and to newlines. Whitespace helps improve readability for humans,
but for execution purposes is mostly ignored.
