BCH 361 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
The elements that are essential for life, and make up over 90% of cellular dry weight
include: - Answers - *CHNOPS*
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
The redox cofactor ubiquinone is necessary for converting energy from electron
transport to the form of chemical bond energy in ATP. In which organelle would you
expect to find most ubiquinone? - Answers - Mitochondria
Ribosomes, the protein synthesis complex, are often bound to which organelle? -
Answers - Rough endoplasmic reticulum
in Eukaryotic cells what organelle possesses a double membrane system? - Answers -
Mitochondria & Nucleus
Osmosis occurs in order to relieve concentration gradients across membrane. is cells
are placed in HYPOtonic solution they will swell and burst as water rushes in to relieve
the gradient. this process is known as .. - Answers - Hemolysis
The property of water that is most responsible for its unique thermal properties and
utility as a biological solvent is: - Answers - Hydrogen Bonding
Aspartate and lysine are in the active site of an enzyme. They are both known to
participate directly in catalysis, the pKa's of the residues are found to be 3.2 and 9.6.
The optimum pH for the enzyme is 6.4. Which forms of these 2 residues will
predominate when the enzyme is most active? - Answers - Aspartate is deprotonated;
Lysine is protonated
When a song acid is added to a buffer system what reaction occurs to neutralize the
acid and resist large changes in pH? - Answers - The conjugate base will react with the
protons making more of the weak acid
The conjugate base for HPO4^2- is... - Answers - PO4^3-
Calculate the pH of a mixture of 0.30M acetic Acid and 0.10 M sodium acetate . The Ka
of acetic acid is 1.73 x10^-5. - Answers - 4.28
, For an endothermic reaction the be spontaneous, what must occur? - Answers - The
entropy must increase substantially
the oxidation of glucose molecules to form CO2 and H2O is a __________ process. -
Answers - Exergonic
Which AA does not exhibit chirality? - Answers - Glycine
Interactions in which form alpha-helices and beta-sheets give rise to _____ structure
while interactions between two subunits constitute ______ structure. - Answers -
secondary
quaternary
An AAA has a allow acidic pI value. What AA is it likely to be? - Answers - Aspartic Acid
The R-groups of which AA could participate in the formation of salt bridge electrostatic
interaction? - Answers - Lysine & Glutamate
What level of protein structure involves hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic
interactions, hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds between the side chains of AA that
are far apart in the AA sequence? - Answers - Tertiary structure
The geometric character of the peptide bond could best be described as - Answers -
planar and rigid
which factor contributes to primary structure? - Answers - AA sequence
Invariant AA in a protein are presumed.. - Answers - to be essential to the structure and
function of the protein.
Consider the energetics of a reaction pathway, the energy required to overcome the
unstable intermediate is referred to as _________________, this is covered in the
pathway of an enzyme catalyzed reaction. - Answers - Activation Energy
A type of inhibitor that binds at the enzyme active site and can be negated by high
concentrations of the substrate. - Answers - Competitive inhibitor
In michaelis-menton kinetics the region of hyperbolic plot at which the reaction attains
Vmax and there is no increase in initial velocity when substrate concentration is
increased, this is considered to be ______________ with respect to the substrate. -
Answers - Zeroeth order.
The activation of the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase by phosphorylation is an example
of which type of enzymatic regulation? - Answers - Covalent modification
ANSWERS
The elements that are essential for life, and make up over 90% of cellular dry weight
include: - Answers - *CHNOPS*
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
The redox cofactor ubiquinone is necessary for converting energy from electron
transport to the form of chemical bond energy in ATP. In which organelle would you
expect to find most ubiquinone? - Answers - Mitochondria
Ribosomes, the protein synthesis complex, are often bound to which organelle? -
Answers - Rough endoplasmic reticulum
in Eukaryotic cells what organelle possesses a double membrane system? - Answers -
Mitochondria & Nucleus
Osmosis occurs in order to relieve concentration gradients across membrane. is cells
are placed in HYPOtonic solution they will swell and burst as water rushes in to relieve
the gradient. this process is known as .. - Answers - Hemolysis
The property of water that is most responsible for its unique thermal properties and
utility as a biological solvent is: - Answers - Hydrogen Bonding
Aspartate and lysine are in the active site of an enzyme. They are both known to
participate directly in catalysis, the pKa's of the residues are found to be 3.2 and 9.6.
The optimum pH for the enzyme is 6.4. Which forms of these 2 residues will
predominate when the enzyme is most active? - Answers - Aspartate is deprotonated;
Lysine is protonated
When a song acid is added to a buffer system what reaction occurs to neutralize the
acid and resist large changes in pH? - Answers - The conjugate base will react with the
protons making more of the weak acid
The conjugate base for HPO4^2- is... - Answers - PO4^3-
Calculate the pH of a mixture of 0.30M acetic Acid and 0.10 M sodium acetate . The Ka
of acetic acid is 1.73 x10^-5. - Answers - 4.28
, For an endothermic reaction the be spontaneous, what must occur? - Answers - The
entropy must increase substantially
the oxidation of glucose molecules to form CO2 and H2O is a __________ process. -
Answers - Exergonic
Which AA does not exhibit chirality? - Answers - Glycine
Interactions in which form alpha-helices and beta-sheets give rise to _____ structure
while interactions between two subunits constitute ______ structure. - Answers -
secondary
quaternary
An AAA has a allow acidic pI value. What AA is it likely to be? - Answers - Aspartic Acid
The R-groups of which AA could participate in the formation of salt bridge electrostatic
interaction? - Answers - Lysine & Glutamate
What level of protein structure involves hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic
interactions, hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds between the side chains of AA that
are far apart in the AA sequence? - Answers - Tertiary structure
The geometric character of the peptide bond could best be described as - Answers -
planar and rigid
which factor contributes to primary structure? - Answers - AA sequence
Invariant AA in a protein are presumed.. - Answers - to be essential to the structure and
function of the protein.
Consider the energetics of a reaction pathway, the energy required to overcome the
unstable intermediate is referred to as _________________, this is covered in the
pathway of an enzyme catalyzed reaction. - Answers - Activation Energy
A type of inhibitor that binds at the enzyme active site and can be negated by high
concentrations of the substrate. - Answers - Competitive inhibitor
In michaelis-menton kinetics the region of hyperbolic plot at which the reaction attains
Vmax and there is no increase in initial velocity when substrate concentration is
increased, this is considered to be ______________ with respect to the substrate. -
Answers - Zeroeth order.
The activation of the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase by phosphorylation is an example
of which type of enzymatic regulation? - Answers - Covalent modification
