NR 565 Pharmacology Week 1 verified questions and answers A+ Grade
Pharmacokinetics
- correct answer The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body
"What the body does to the drug"
Factors that affect drug absorption (5)
- correct answer Rate of dissolution
Surface area
Blood flow
Lipid solubility
PH partitioning
Factors that affect drug distribution (4)
- correct answer Blood flow to tissues
Ability to exit vascular system
Blood-brain barrier
Protein-binding capacity
Pharmacodynamics
- correct answer The study of biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs on the body and the
molecular mechanisms by which those effects are produced
"What the body does to the drug"
Phamacodynamics: 3 mechanisms of action
- correct answer Receptor
Enzyme
Non-selective interactions (i.e. chemo)
,Types of drug therapy (7)
- correct answer Acute
Maintenance (HTN/bc)
Supplemental (insulin)
Palliative
Supportive (IV fluid)
Prophylactic
Empirical (broad-spectrum abx)
Idiosyncratic Effect
- correct answer Unexpected response to medication
Tolerance
- correct answer Declining response to a drug
Dependence
- correct answer Physiological/psychological need for a drug; needs drug for normal function
Addiction
- correct answer Compulsive use of a drug despite negative/dangerous effects
Drug interactions: drug-drug
- correct answer When 2 drugs compete for metabolizing enzymes
Drug interactions: food-drug
- correct answer Grapefruit juice or leafy greens
Drug interactions: additive
- correct answer 1+1 = 2; both provide intended effect
Drug interactions: antagonistic
- correct answer 1+1 = <2; less than desired effect of one or both drugs
, Drug interactions: synergistic
- correct answer 1+1 = >2; sum total effect is greater than if given alone (i.e. lisinopril + HCTZ)
Drug interactions: incompatibility
- correct answer 1+1 does not equal 2; two IV drugs given together causing decomposition of one or
both drugs
8 rights of medication administration
- correct answer Patient
Medication
Dose
Route
Time
Reason
Response
Documentation
Adverse reactions: pharmacologic
- correct answer Extension of a drug's normal effect
Adverse reactions: Allergic/hypersensitivity
- correct answer Exaggerated immune response (i.e. mild itching to anaphylaxis)
Adverse reactions: idiosyncratic
- correct answer Peculiar to the patient
Adverse reactions: drug reaction
- correct answer Most complex, difficult to determine
Teratogenic effects
- correct answer Causes birth defects
Pharmacokinetics
- correct answer The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body
"What the body does to the drug"
Factors that affect drug absorption (5)
- correct answer Rate of dissolution
Surface area
Blood flow
Lipid solubility
PH partitioning
Factors that affect drug distribution (4)
- correct answer Blood flow to tissues
Ability to exit vascular system
Blood-brain barrier
Protein-binding capacity
Pharmacodynamics
- correct answer The study of biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs on the body and the
molecular mechanisms by which those effects are produced
"What the body does to the drug"
Phamacodynamics: 3 mechanisms of action
- correct answer Receptor
Enzyme
Non-selective interactions (i.e. chemo)
,Types of drug therapy (7)
- correct answer Acute
Maintenance (HTN/bc)
Supplemental (insulin)
Palliative
Supportive (IV fluid)
Prophylactic
Empirical (broad-spectrum abx)
Idiosyncratic Effect
- correct answer Unexpected response to medication
Tolerance
- correct answer Declining response to a drug
Dependence
- correct answer Physiological/psychological need for a drug; needs drug for normal function
Addiction
- correct answer Compulsive use of a drug despite negative/dangerous effects
Drug interactions: drug-drug
- correct answer When 2 drugs compete for metabolizing enzymes
Drug interactions: food-drug
- correct answer Grapefruit juice or leafy greens
Drug interactions: additive
- correct answer 1+1 = 2; both provide intended effect
Drug interactions: antagonistic
- correct answer 1+1 = <2; less than desired effect of one or both drugs
, Drug interactions: synergistic
- correct answer 1+1 = >2; sum total effect is greater than if given alone (i.e. lisinopril + HCTZ)
Drug interactions: incompatibility
- correct answer 1+1 does not equal 2; two IV drugs given together causing decomposition of one or
both drugs
8 rights of medication administration
- correct answer Patient
Medication
Dose
Route
Time
Reason
Response
Documentation
Adverse reactions: pharmacologic
- correct answer Extension of a drug's normal effect
Adverse reactions: Allergic/hypersensitivity
- correct answer Exaggerated immune response (i.e. mild itching to anaphylaxis)
Adverse reactions: idiosyncratic
- correct answer Peculiar to the patient
Adverse reactions: drug reaction
- correct answer Most complex, difficult to determine
Teratogenic effects
- correct answer Causes birth defects
