Bio 669 Quiz 6 Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Latest Update
Question: what are the component of the renal fascia?
Answer:
adipose tissue with a double layer of connective tissue over that.
Question: what is renal ptosis?
Answer:
condition in which one or both kidneys drop to a lower position that can cause kinking of the
ureter and the renal vessels
Most common when large amounts of weight is lost.
Question:
Answer:
Question: what is the helium?
Answer:
where the renal vessels and the ureter exit located in the concave part of the kidney's bean
shape.
Question: What does the nephron do?
Answer:
filters plasma, retaining water and concentrating urine. reabsorbs key substances, and
secretes unneeded substances helps form protein free fluid.
fluid volume, electrolyte balance and pH
Question: what part of the nephron is the least extended into the medulla?
Answer:
cortical nephron
Question: what part of the nephrons extend the furthest and tries to concentrate the most
urine and preserve water??
Answer:
juxtamedullary nephrons
Question: what is are the nephrons made up of?
, Answer:
cortical, midcorticol, juxtamedullary nephrons
Question: what is makes up the renal corpuscle?
Answer:
the glomerulus, the bowman capsule, and the mesangial cells.
Question: What are mesangial cells?
Answer:
They secrete ____ matrix and lie between and support the glomerular capillaries (connective
tissues cells). Some contract similar to smooth muscle cells to regulate glomerular capillary
blood flow. part immune cell: they have phagocytic properties and release inflammatory
cytokines and growth factors. and signal as to what gets filtered and how fast the rate of
renal blood flow.
Question: What does the Bowman's capsule do?
Answer:
helps to contain and capture any fluid that leaks out of the glomerulus
Question: What is the glomerulus?
Answer:
ball of capillaries, that filters fluid out of the capillary.
Question: what are principle cells and where are they found?
Answer:
found in distal tubule and reabsorb sodium and secretes potassium (Works with
aldosterone)
Question: what are intercalated cells?
Answer:
secrete H+ and reabsorb K and HCO3 (involved in acid base)
Question: What do juxtaglomerular cells do?
Answer:
release renin
have the ability to constrict the glomerular capillaries when needed by sensing pressure in
the afferent tubules.
Modified smooth muscle cells
, Question: What does the macula densa do?
Answer:
senses sodium levels =determine the need to increase or decrease the flow rate
high sodium= increased flow rate low sodium= decreased flow rate
Question: What does the proximal convoluted tubule do?
Answer:
active reabsorption of sodium but also ions (sodium, chloride), and all organic nutrients
(glucose, amino acids, vitamins)
small amounts of secretion of periamin hippuric acid.
Question: what does glumerulotubular balance do?
Answer:
adjusts sodium and water reabsorption
as GFR drops= higher sodium and water reabsorption as GFR increases= less sodium and
water reabsorption
Question: What does the descending loop of henle do?
Answer:
permeable to water and increases concentration enhancing water reabsorption
Question: what does the ascending loop of henle do?
Answer:
actively pumps sodium out= loss of salt and retention of water that changes concentration
(much more diluted water)
Question: what is the glomerular filtration membrane made up of?
Answer:
3 layers:
1. inner capillary endothelium
2. basement membrane
3. Outer capillary endothelium- podocytes and epithelial cells= filtration slits.
Question: What are filtration slits?
Answer:
Gaps of podocyte that allow for more filtration of small molecules ( sodium and glucose) out,
but large molecules (blood, globulins etc) stay in.
Latest Update
Question: what are the component of the renal fascia?
Answer:
adipose tissue with a double layer of connective tissue over that.
Question: what is renal ptosis?
Answer:
condition in which one or both kidneys drop to a lower position that can cause kinking of the
ureter and the renal vessels
Most common when large amounts of weight is lost.
Question:
Answer:
Question: what is the helium?
Answer:
where the renal vessels and the ureter exit located in the concave part of the kidney's bean
shape.
Question: What does the nephron do?
Answer:
filters plasma, retaining water and concentrating urine. reabsorbs key substances, and
secretes unneeded substances helps form protein free fluid.
fluid volume, electrolyte balance and pH
Question: what part of the nephron is the least extended into the medulla?
Answer:
cortical nephron
Question: what part of the nephrons extend the furthest and tries to concentrate the most
urine and preserve water??
Answer:
juxtamedullary nephrons
Question: what is are the nephrons made up of?
, Answer:
cortical, midcorticol, juxtamedullary nephrons
Question: what is makes up the renal corpuscle?
Answer:
the glomerulus, the bowman capsule, and the mesangial cells.
Question: What are mesangial cells?
Answer:
They secrete ____ matrix and lie between and support the glomerular capillaries (connective
tissues cells). Some contract similar to smooth muscle cells to regulate glomerular capillary
blood flow. part immune cell: they have phagocytic properties and release inflammatory
cytokines and growth factors. and signal as to what gets filtered and how fast the rate of
renal blood flow.
Question: What does the Bowman's capsule do?
Answer:
helps to contain and capture any fluid that leaks out of the glomerulus
Question: What is the glomerulus?
Answer:
ball of capillaries, that filters fluid out of the capillary.
Question: what are principle cells and where are they found?
Answer:
found in distal tubule and reabsorb sodium and secretes potassium (Works with
aldosterone)
Question: what are intercalated cells?
Answer:
secrete H+ and reabsorb K and HCO3 (involved in acid base)
Question: What do juxtaglomerular cells do?
Answer:
release renin
have the ability to constrict the glomerular capillaries when needed by sensing pressure in
the afferent tubules.
Modified smooth muscle cells
, Question: What does the macula densa do?
Answer:
senses sodium levels =determine the need to increase or decrease the flow rate
high sodium= increased flow rate low sodium= decreased flow rate
Question: What does the proximal convoluted tubule do?
Answer:
active reabsorption of sodium but also ions (sodium, chloride), and all organic nutrients
(glucose, amino acids, vitamins)
small amounts of secretion of periamin hippuric acid.
Question: what does glumerulotubular balance do?
Answer:
adjusts sodium and water reabsorption
as GFR drops= higher sodium and water reabsorption as GFR increases= less sodium and
water reabsorption
Question: What does the descending loop of henle do?
Answer:
permeable to water and increases concentration enhancing water reabsorption
Question: what does the ascending loop of henle do?
Answer:
actively pumps sodium out= loss of salt and retention of water that changes concentration
(much more diluted water)
Question: what is the glomerular filtration membrane made up of?
Answer:
3 layers:
1. inner capillary endothelium
2. basement membrane
3. Outer capillary endothelium- podocytes and epithelial cells= filtration slits.
Question: What are filtration slits?
Answer:
Gaps of podocyte that allow for more filtration of small molecules ( sodium and glucose) out,
but large molecules (blood, globulins etc) stay in.
