BIOD 171 Portage Learning
With Complete Solutions
Microbiology – Virology Study Guide | Colored Edition | Score: 100/100
Question 1 (2/2 pts) – True or False. Although viruses may contain their genome within an
enclosed space (much like the nucleus of a cell), it is considered neither eukaryotic nor
prokaryotic.
Your Answer: True
✓ Correct Answer: Correct! True – Viruses are not classified as eukaryotic or prokaryotic despite
containing genome in an enclosed capsid.
Question 2 (5/5 pts) – Describe the two basic components of a virus.
Your Answer: Two basic components of a virus are: (1) Genomic material comprised of either DNA
or RNA and (2) A capsid, a membrane-like protective structure that contains genetic material.
✓ Correct Answer: A virus has (1) genomic material comprised of either DNA or RNA and (2) a
capsid, a membrane-like protective structure that contains the genetic material, similar to the nucleus
of a eukaryotic cell.
Question 3 (3/3 pts) – The envelope surrounds the _____ of some viruses.
Your Answer: Capsid
✓ Correct Answer: The envelope surrounds the capsid of some viruses.
Question 4 (2/2 pts) – True or False. You would expect to see a viral envelope on a virus
infecting a bacterial cell.
Your Answer: False
✓ Correct Answer: False. The overwhelming majority of animal viruses are enveloped whereas the
majority of plant or bacteria-infecting viruses are not.
Question 5 (3/3 pts) – Rank the following viruses based on their size from largest to smallest:
Paramyxovirus, Poliovirus, Smallpox virus
Your Answer: Smallpox virus (~200nm) → Paramyxovirus (100-150nm) → Poliovirus (~30nm)
✓ Correct Answer: Smallpox (~200nm) > Paramyxovirus (100-150nm) > Poliovirus (~30nm)
, Question 6 (2/2 pts) – True or False: Viral replication occurs after it attaches and enters the
host cell.
Your Answer: True
✓ Correct Answer: True. The viral genome is never replicated before attachment and entry.
Question 7 (5/5 pts) – Place the following viral life cycle steps in order beginning with viral
attachment and provide a description of each step. Uncoating, Release, Replication,
Attachment, Entry, New infection
Your Answer: Attachment → Entry → Uncoating → Replication → Release → New Infection.
Attachment: viral receptors attach to host protein on cell surface. Entry: virus fuses with membrane
and enters cell. Uncoating: viral capsid disassembles. Replication: viral genome is blueprint that
replicates itself. Release: new viral particles produced and released. New Infection: released particles
infect new cells.
✓ Correct Answer: 1-Attachment: viral receptors bind to host proteins on surface of cell. 2-Entry:
virus fuses with host membrane and enters cell. 3-Uncoating: viral capsid disassembles.
4-Replication: viral genome is the 'blueprint' to make copies of itself. 5-Release: new virus particles
produced and leave cell. 6-New infection: newly produced viruses go on to infect new cells.
Question 8 (3/3 pts) – A virus that infects bacteria is called a [answer1] and contains a
[answer2]-sided polygon capsid.
Your Answer: Bacteriophage; 20
✓ Correct Answer: Bacteriophage, 20-sided (icosahedral) capsid.
Question 9 (2/2 pts) – True or False. Structurally, bacteriophages are distinct from viruses
that infect plant or animal cells.
Your Answer: True
✓ Correct Answer: True. Bacteriophages are structurally distinct from viruses that infect plant and
animal cells.
Question 10 (5/5 pts) – Identify the following components of a bacteriophage. 1-[answer1]
2-[answer2] 3-[answer3] 4-[answer4] 5-[answer5]
Your Answer: 1. Capsid 2. Collar 3. Tail 4. Base Plate 5. Tail fibre
✓ Correct Answer: 1-Capsid, 2-Collar, 3-Tail, 4-Base plate, 5-Tail fibers
Question 11 (5/5 pts) – Describe the main differences between lytic and temperate phages.
Your Answer: Lytic bacteriophage are inside the host bacteria and they keep replicating in the host
until it ruptures and dies, on the other hand, the Temperate phages exist in the host bacteria but they
With Complete Solutions
Microbiology – Virology Study Guide | Colored Edition | Score: 100/100
Question 1 (2/2 pts) – True or False. Although viruses may contain their genome within an
enclosed space (much like the nucleus of a cell), it is considered neither eukaryotic nor
prokaryotic.
Your Answer: True
✓ Correct Answer: Correct! True – Viruses are not classified as eukaryotic or prokaryotic despite
containing genome in an enclosed capsid.
Question 2 (5/5 pts) – Describe the two basic components of a virus.
Your Answer: Two basic components of a virus are: (1) Genomic material comprised of either DNA
or RNA and (2) A capsid, a membrane-like protective structure that contains genetic material.
✓ Correct Answer: A virus has (1) genomic material comprised of either DNA or RNA and (2) a
capsid, a membrane-like protective structure that contains the genetic material, similar to the nucleus
of a eukaryotic cell.
Question 3 (3/3 pts) – The envelope surrounds the _____ of some viruses.
Your Answer: Capsid
✓ Correct Answer: The envelope surrounds the capsid of some viruses.
Question 4 (2/2 pts) – True or False. You would expect to see a viral envelope on a virus
infecting a bacterial cell.
Your Answer: False
✓ Correct Answer: False. The overwhelming majority of animal viruses are enveloped whereas the
majority of plant or bacteria-infecting viruses are not.
Question 5 (3/3 pts) – Rank the following viruses based on their size from largest to smallest:
Paramyxovirus, Poliovirus, Smallpox virus
Your Answer: Smallpox virus (~200nm) → Paramyxovirus (100-150nm) → Poliovirus (~30nm)
✓ Correct Answer: Smallpox (~200nm) > Paramyxovirus (100-150nm) > Poliovirus (~30nm)
, Question 6 (2/2 pts) – True or False: Viral replication occurs after it attaches and enters the
host cell.
Your Answer: True
✓ Correct Answer: True. The viral genome is never replicated before attachment and entry.
Question 7 (5/5 pts) – Place the following viral life cycle steps in order beginning with viral
attachment and provide a description of each step. Uncoating, Release, Replication,
Attachment, Entry, New infection
Your Answer: Attachment → Entry → Uncoating → Replication → Release → New Infection.
Attachment: viral receptors attach to host protein on cell surface. Entry: virus fuses with membrane
and enters cell. Uncoating: viral capsid disassembles. Replication: viral genome is blueprint that
replicates itself. Release: new viral particles produced and released. New Infection: released particles
infect new cells.
✓ Correct Answer: 1-Attachment: viral receptors bind to host proteins on surface of cell. 2-Entry:
virus fuses with host membrane and enters cell. 3-Uncoating: viral capsid disassembles.
4-Replication: viral genome is the 'blueprint' to make copies of itself. 5-Release: new virus particles
produced and leave cell. 6-New infection: newly produced viruses go on to infect new cells.
Question 8 (3/3 pts) – A virus that infects bacteria is called a [answer1] and contains a
[answer2]-sided polygon capsid.
Your Answer: Bacteriophage; 20
✓ Correct Answer: Bacteriophage, 20-sided (icosahedral) capsid.
Question 9 (2/2 pts) – True or False. Structurally, bacteriophages are distinct from viruses
that infect plant or animal cells.
Your Answer: True
✓ Correct Answer: True. Bacteriophages are structurally distinct from viruses that infect plant and
animal cells.
Question 10 (5/5 pts) – Identify the following components of a bacteriophage. 1-[answer1]
2-[answer2] 3-[answer3] 4-[answer4] 5-[answer5]
Your Answer: 1. Capsid 2. Collar 3. Tail 4. Base Plate 5. Tail fibre
✓ Correct Answer: 1-Capsid, 2-Collar, 3-Tail, 4-Base plate, 5-Tail fibers
Question 11 (5/5 pts) – Describe the main differences between lytic and temperate phages.
Your Answer: Lytic bacteriophage are inside the host bacteria and they keep replicating in the host
until it ruptures and dies, on the other hand, the Temperate phages exist in the host bacteria but they
