BIOD 151 Essential Human
Anatomy & Physiology I:
Endocrine System Exam
UPDATE
Questions and Answers
Verified Solutions Latest Update
,BIOD 151 Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology I:
Endocrine System Exam UPDATE
Verified Questions and Answers Latest Version
1. Which of the following describes the primary difference between endocrine
and exocrine glands?
A. Endocrine glands are only found in the brain, while exocrine glands are peripheral.
B. Exocrine glands secrete hormones, while endocrine glands secrete enzymes.
C. Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands use ducts.
D. Exocrine glands have no ducts, whereas endocrine glands always possess them.
Answer: C
Rationale: Endocrine glands are ductless glands that release hormones into the interstitial
fluid and then the blood; exocrine glands secrete products into ducts that lead to body
surfaces or cavities.
2. Hormones that are derived from cholesterol are classified as:
A. Peptide hormones
B. Amine hormones
C. Steroid hormones
D. Protein hormones
Answer: C
Rationale: Steroid hormones are lipid-soluble molecules synthesized from cholesterol,
including gonadal and adrenocortical hormones.
, 3. Which mechanism do most amino acid-based hormones use to exert their
effects on target cells?
A. Direct gene activation
B. Second-messenger systems like cAMP
C. Diffusion through the lipid bilayer
D. Binding to intracellular receptors in the nucleus
Answer: B
Rationale: Since they are water-soluble and cannot cross the plasma membrane, amino
acid-based hormones typically bind to surface receptors and activate second messengers.
4. Which of the following is an example of a humoral stimulus for hormone
release?
A. Nerve fibers stimulating the adrenal medulla
B. Low blood calcium levels triggering PTH release
C. TSH stimulating the thyroid gland
D. The hypothalamus releasing TRH
Answer: B
Rationale: Humoral stimuli refer to the release of hormones in direct response to changing
blood levels of certain critical ions or nutrients.
5. The ‘master gland’ that regulates other endocrine glands, controlled by the
hypothalamus, is the:
A. Pineal gland
B. Pituitary gland
C. Adrenal gland
D. Thyroid gland
Answer: B
Rationale: The pituitary gland (hypophysis) secretes numerous hormones that regulate
the activity of other endocrine glands.
Anatomy & Physiology I:
Endocrine System Exam
UPDATE
Questions and Answers
Verified Solutions Latest Update
,BIOD 151 Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology I:
Endocrine System Exam UPDATE
Verified Questions and Answers Latest Version
1. Which of the following describes the primary difference between endocrine
and exocrine glands?
A. Endocrine glands are only found in the brain, while exocrine glands are peripheral.
B. Exocrine glands secrete hormones, while endocrine glands secrete enzymes.
C. Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands use ducts.
D. Exocrine glands have no ducts, whereas endocrine glands always possess them.
Answer: C
Rationale: Endocrine glands are ductless glands that release hormones into the interstitial
fluid and then the blood; exocrine glands secrete products into ducts that lead to body
surfaces or cavities.
2. Hormones that are derived from cholesterol are classified as:
A. Peptide hormones
B. Amine hormones
C. Steroid hormones
D. Protein hormones
Answer: C
Rationale: Steroid hormones are lipid-soluble molecules synthesized from cholesterol,
including gonadal and adrenocortical hormones.
, 3. Which mechanism do most amino acid-based hormones use to exert their
effects on target cells?
A. Direct gene activation
B. Second-messenger systems like cAMP
C. Diffusion through the lipid bilayer
D. Binding to intracellular receptors in the nucleus
Answer: B
Rationale: Since they are water-soluble and cannot cross the plasma membrane, amino
acid-based hormones typically bind to surface receptors and activate second messengers.
4. Which of the following is an example of a humoral stimulus for hormone
release?
A. Nerve fibers stimulating the adrenal medulla
B. Low blood calcium levels triggering PTH release
C. TSH stimulating the thyroid gland
D. The hypothalamus releasing TRH
Answer: B
Rationale: Humoral stimuli refer to the release of hormones in direct response to changing
blood levels of certain critical ions or nutrients.
5. The ‘master gland’ that regulates other endocrine glands, controlled by the
hypothalamus, is the:
A. Pineal gland
B. Pituitary gland
C. Adrenal gland
D. Thyroid gland
Answer: B
Rationale: The pituitary gland (hypophysis) secretes numerous hormones that regulate
the activity of other endocrine glands.
