NTR 401 Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Nephron - CORRECT ANSWERS the functional unit of the kidney consisting of the
glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal and distal tubules, and loop of Henley
Osteoclast - CORRECT ANSWERS cells in the bone that use hydrochloric acid and
proteases to dissolve bone matrix and mineral
Calcitriol is a shorter term for the chemical structure: - CORRECT ANSWERS 1,25
dihyroxycholecalciferol
Phylloquinone - CORRECT ANSWERS the chemical form of vitamin K that is
synthesized in PLANTS
Each of the following food components reduce the uptake of minerals from the diet except: -
CORRECT ANSWERS lactose
Each of the following food components reduce the uptake of minerals from the diet -
CORRECT ANSWERS -oxalic acid
-phytate
-tannins
Antidiuretic hormone - CORRECT ANSWERS the pituitary hormone that is chiefly
responsible for regulating the amount of water that is excreted by the kidney in response to
change in the osmotic pressure of the blood
Which types of research was used used in setting the revised RDA for vitamin D in the 2011
Institute of Medicine report? - CORRECT ANSWERS -The concentration of 25-OH
vitamin D in serum in healthy and chronic disease states
-The relationship between vitamin D and osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and rickets
-The relationship between vitamin D intake and 25-OH vitamin D in serum
, Which of the following types of research was used LEAST in setting the revised RDA for
vitamin D in the 2011 institute of Medicine report? - CORRECT ANSWERS The
relationship between vitamin D and muscle wasting in the ELDERLY
Increased dietary fiber can be associated with decreased serum cholesterol levels because -
CORRECT ANSWERS enterohepatic recirculation of bile salts is REDUCED by the
bile salts binding to the fiber
In contrast to osteoporosis, the diseases osteomalacia and rickets are likely to - CORRECT
ANSWERS Be caused by low intake of VITAMIN D, not calcium, and be
characterized by a normal volume of bone that is more POORLY mineralized
Blood ph is least likely to be affected or regulated by which of the following factors? -
CORRECT ANSWERS losing excess moisture through the skin by perspiration
The primary route for excretion of small water soluble compounds from the body is -
CORRECT ANSWERS In the urine filtered by the kidney
The primary route for excretion of fat soluble compounds from the body is - CORRECT
ANSWERS along with bile from the liver
One of the few examples of excretion of intact proteins from the body is - CORRECT
ANSWERS in the pancreatic fluid from the exocrine pancreas
The primary route for excretion of volatile hydrophobic compounds and gases from the body
is - CORRECT ANSWERS by way of respiratory exchange in the lung
Keeping an appropriate quantity of sodium in the blood, sodium concentration in the blood,
and blood pressure involves all of the following hormonal systems and organs except -
CORRECT ANSWERS gastrin blockage of sodium absorption in the colon
Recent studies show that most people around the world have sodium intake averaging 156
mmol/da, which is significantly greater than the UL and DV on US food labels of 100
mmol/da. A physiological factor that has been hypothesized to explain this result is: -
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Nephron - CORRECT ANSWERS the functional unit of the kidney consisting of the
glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal and distal tubules, and loop of Henley
Osteoclast - CORRECT ANSWERS cells in the bone that use hydrochloric acid and
proteases to dissolve bone matrix and mineral
Calcitriol is a shorter term for the chemical structure: - CORRECT ANSWERS 1,25
dihyroxycholecalciferol
Phylloquinone - CORRECT ANSWERS the chemical form of vitamin K that is
synthesized in PLANTS
Each of the following food components reduce the uptake of minerals from the diet except: -
CORRECT ANSWERS lactose
Each of the following food components reduce the uptake of minerals from the diet -
CORRECT ANSWERS -oxalic acid
-phytate
-tannins
Antidiuretic hormone - CORRECT ANSWERS the pituitary hormone that is chiefly
responsible for regulating the amount of water that is excreted by the kidney in response to
change in the osmotic pressure of the blood
Which types of research was used used in setting the revised RDA for vitamin D in the 2011
Institute of Medicine report? - CORRECT ANSWERS -The concentration of 25-OH
vitamin D in serum in healthy and chronic disease states
-The relationship between vitamin D and osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and rickets
-The relationship between vitamin D intake and 25-OH vitamin D in serum
, Which of the following types of research was used LEAST in setting the revised RDA for
vitamin D in the 2011 institute of Medicine report? - CORRECT ANSWERS The
relationship between vitamin D and muscle wasting in the ELDERLY
Increased dietary fiber can be associated with decreased serum cholesterol levels because -
CORRECT ANSWERS enterohepatic recirculation of bile salts is REDUCED by the
bile salts binding to the fiber
In contrast to osteoporosis, the diseases osteomalacia and rickets are likely to - CORRECT
ANSWERS Be caused by low intake of VITAMIN D, not calcium, and be
characterized by a normal volume of bone that is more POORLY mineralized
Blood ph is least likely to be affected or regulated by which of the following factors? -
CORRECT ANSWERS losing excess moisture through the skin by perspiration
The primary route for excretion of small water soluble compounds from the body is -
CORRECT ANSWERS In the urine filtered by the kidney
The primary route for excretion of fat soluble compounds from the body is - CORRECT
ANSWERS along with bile from the liver
One of the few examples of excretion of intact proteins from the body is - CORRECT
ANSWERS in the pancreatic fluid from the exocrine pancreas
The primary route for excretion of volatile hydrophobic compounds and gases from the body
is - CORRECT ANSWERS by way of respiratory exchange in the lung
Keeping an appropriate quantity of sodium in the blood, sodium concentration in the blood,
and blood pressure involves all of the following hormonal systems and organs except -
CORRECT ANSWERS gastrin blockage of sodium absorption in the colon
Recent studies show that most people around the world have sodium intake averaging 156
mmol/da, which is significantly greater than the UL and DV on US food labels of 100
mmol/da. A physiological factor that has been hypothesized to explain this result is: -
