,BIOD151/BIOD 151 Module 4 Exam | Essential Human
Anatomy & Physiology I with Lab | Portage Learning | Q & A |
2026/2027 Edition (PDF)
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the function of bones?
A) Flat bones are long and thin, such as the ulna
B) Long bones have an irregular structure
C) The carpals are an example of short bones
D) Vertebrae are an example of sesamoid bones
Correct Answer: The carpals are an example of short bones
Rationale: Short bones are roughly cube-shaped and include the carpals of the wrist and tarsals of the
ankle. Long bones are longer than they are wide, like the ulna. Irregular bones, such as vertebrae, have
complex shapes, and sesamoid bones, like the patella, are embedded within tendons.
2. Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning bones?
A) Bones are not completely smooth surfaces
B) A foramen is a projection for a tendon or ligament attachment
C) A process is an elevation found in bone
D) Bones are a storage site for phosphorus and calcium
Correct Answer: A foramen is a projection for a tendon or ligament attachment
Rationale: A foramen is a hole or opening in a bone, not a projection. A process is indeed an elevation or
projection found on a bone. Bone surfaces are not completely smooth, and bones do serve as a storage
site for minerals like phosphorus and calcium.
3. Which of the following statements is FALSE about the skeletal system?
A) The two main divisions of the skeletal system are: lumbar and thoracic
B) The two main divisions of the skeletal system are: axial and appendicular
,C) The lumbar division of the skeleton is included in the appendicular skeleton
D) The axial skeleton includes the laryngeal skeleton
Correct Answer: The two main divisions of the skeletal system are: lumbar and thoracic
Rationale: The two main divisions of the skeletal system are the axial and appendicular skeletons. The
axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage. The lumbar region is part of the
vertebral column, which is in the axial skeleton, not the appendicular skeleton.
4. What are the two main divisions of the skeletal system?
A) Axial and appendicular
B) Cranial and facial
C) Thoracic and lumbar
D) Upper and lower
Correct Answer: Axial and appendicular
Rationale: The skeletal system is divided into the axial skeleton, which forms the central axis of the
body, and the appendicular skeleton, which includes the bones of the limbs and girdles. This is a
fundamental anatomical division.
5. The skull is formed by how many bones, and the facial skeleton contains how many bones?
A) 22; 14
B) 30; 10
C) 20; 15
D) 28; 12
Correct Answer: 22; 14
, Rationale: The adult skull is typically composed of 22 bones. The facial skeleton consists of 14 bones,
while the remaining 8 form the cranium. This is a common anatomical fact tested in the module.
6. Which of the following bones is part of the appendicular skeleton?
A) Sternum
B) Humerus
C) Vertebra
D) Rib
Correct Answer: Humerus
Rationale: The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles
that attach them to the axial skeleton. The humerus is a bone of the upper limb. The sternum,
vertebrae, and ribs are all part of the axial skeleton.
7. Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?
A) To produce red blood cells
B) To conduct nerve impulses
C) To regulate body temperature
D) To produce hormones
Correct Answer: To produce red blood cells
Rationale: Hematopoiesis, the production of blood cells, occurs in the red bone marrow found within
certain bones. This is a vital function of the skeletal system. The other options are functions of other
systems.
8. A patient has a diagnosis of osteoporosis. Which type of bone cell would they be lacking?
A) Osteoclasts
B) Osteoblasts
Anatomy & Physiology I with Lab | Portage Learning | Q & A |
2026/2027 Edition (PDF)
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the function of bones?
A) Flat bones are long and thin, such as the ulna
B) Long bones have an irregular structure
C) The carpals are an example of short bones
D) Vertebrae are an example of sesamoid bones
Correct Answer: The carpals are an example of short bones
Rationale: Short bones are roughly cube-shaped and include the carpals of the wrist and tarsals of the
ankle. Long bones are longer than they are wide, like the ulna. Irregular bones, such as vertebrae, have
complex shapes, and sesamoid bones, like the patella, are embedded within tendons.
2. Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning bones?
A) Bones are not completely smooth surfaces
B) A foramen is a projection for a tendon or ligament attachment
C) A process is an elevation found in bone
D) Bones are a storage site for phosphorus and calcium
Correct Answer: A foramen is a projection for a tendon or ligament attachment
Rationale: A foramen is a hole or opening in a bone, not a projection. A process is indeed an elevation or
projection found on a bone. Bone surfaces are not completely smooth, and bones do serve as a storage
site for minerals like phosphorus and calcium.
3. Which of the following statements is FALSE about the skeletal system?
A) The two main divisions of the skeletal system are: lumbar and thoracic
B) The two main divisions of the skeletal system are: axial and appendicular
,C) The lumbar division of the skeleton is included in the appendicular skeleton
D) The axial skeleton includes the laryngeal skeleton
Correct Answer: The two main divisions of the skeletal system are: lumbar and thoracic
Rationale: The two main divisions of the skeletal system are the axial and appendicular skeletons. The
axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage. The lumbar region is part of the
vertebral column, which is in the axial skeleton, not the appendicular skeleton.
4. What are the two main divisions of the skeletal system?
A) Axial and appendicular
B) Cranial and facial
C) Thoracic and lumbar
D) Upper and lower
Correct Answer: Axial and appendicular
Rationale: The skeletal system is divided into the axial skeleton, which forms the central axis of the
body, and the appendicular skeleton, which includes the bones of the limbs and girdles. This is a
fundamental anatomical division.
5. The skull is formed by how many bones, and the facial skeleton contains how many bones?
A) 22; 14
B) 30; 10
C) 20; 15
D) 28; 12
Correct Answer: 22; 14
, Rationale: The adult skull is typically composed of 22 bones. The facial skeleton consists of 14 bones,
while the remaining 8 form the cranium. This is a common anatomical fact tested in the module.
6. Which of the following bones is part of the appendicular skeleton?
A) Sternum
B) Humerus
C) Vertebra
D) Rib
Correct Answer: Humerus
Rationale: The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles
that attach them to the axial skeleton. The humerus is a bone of the upper limb. The sternum,
vertebrae, and ribs are all part of the axial skeleton.
7. Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?
A) To produce red blood cells
B) To conduct nerve impulses
C) To regulate body temperature
D) To produce hormones
Correct Answer: To produce red blood cells
Rationale: Hematopoiesis, the production of blood cells, occurs in the red bone marrow found within
certain bones. This is a vital function of the skeletal system. The other options are functions of other
systems.
8. A patient has a diagnosis of osteoporosis. Which type of bone cell would they be lacking?
A) Osteoclasts
B) Osteoblasts
