PCB3023 Exam 1, cell bio test 1
FAU Theisen, CH.1: Cells and
Genome || 2026 UPDATE
proteins are able to bind to which of the following types of biological molecules -
answer-- amino acids, sugars, nucleotides, lipids, are basis for most reactions in cells.
All proteins are able to bind to one or more molecules, often other proteins and bound
substances such as ligands or substrates.
in cells the strongest chemical interaction is? - answer-- covalent bonds ; covalent
bonds are strong, stable, long-lasting.
hydrogen bonds are... - answer-polar covalent, individually weak, but many bonds
together can be strong.
ionic bonds are... - answer-strong and pliable but can easily be disrupted by polar
solvents (eg. water)
van der waals forces are... - answer-individually very weak
the majority of biological catalyst are made from... - answer-- amino acids
In the A, B, C class of protein transport pump. The conformation changes that lead to
translocation of the transporter substance are caused by... - answer-- repeated cycles of
ATP binding and hydrolysis
True regarding prokaryotic cells? - answer-- has a cell wall
- reproduce by binary fission
- do not exist as true...
- utilize double strands for hereditary material
- do NOT package their DNA so they do NOT need histones
Evolution of the nucleus in eukaryotic organisms has allowed... - answer-- Segregation
of DNA from other cellular processes
- Increase the size of the DNA molecule
When a carbohydrate is oxidized it loses both ____ and ____. - answer-- electrons and
energy ; Oxidation is the loss of electrons and energy. The atom is left with a more
POSITIVE charge.
,what is meant by high specificity between molecules? - answer-- highly complementary
physical shape
- highly complementary electro chemical properties
The histones used to package newly replicated DNA - answer-- added to DNA as it is
emerging from the replication machinery
mutations within DNA coding regions... - answer-- usually results to deleterious changes
in protein structure
DNA coding regions have important information, any mutations on these regions are
most of the time negative (bad), so it will not be beneficial.
Entropy is the measure of... - answer-- the amount of disorder in a system
a protein secondary structure is maintained by - answer-- hydrogen bonds
hydrogen bonds are the bonds between atoms
binding of a ligand to a specific enzyme binding site... - answer-- involves numerous
weak noncovalent bonds
it is not a permanent binding, so it CANNOT be covalent, it has to be a weak bond in
order for it to be able to break or go back to its original form.
Chemical analysis of DNA will reveal the following... - answer-- Concentration of Purines
equals concentration of Pyrimidines
Because its circular, replication of prokaryotic DNA does NOT require... - answer--
Telomerase function
Telomerase is used to stabilize the ends of Eukaryotic chromosomes which are linear.
Since prokaryotic DNA is not linear, it does NOT need telomerase to stabilize its ends.
Flipping out refers to... - answer-- The temporary separation of a base from its
compliment to allow close inspection.
activation energy is a property of... - answer-- all types of chemical reactions
It is NOT the energy required to push a reaction in an unfavorable direction.
Universal features of all cells... - answer-- take up matter from their surroundings
- store hereditary information
- use RNA to direct protein synthesis
- all cells use DNA
- all cells replicate their DNA
, - transcribe DNA into RNA
- regulate gene expression
- synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template
- require FREE ENERGY
hydrophobic side chains on the outside of a protein will indicate... - answer-- a mis-
folded protein
Proteins are arranged with the polar heads (hydrophilic) facing outside and the nonpolar
tails (hydrophobic) facing inside.
many protein catalyzes utilize both acids and bases by... - answer-- using properties of
both simultaneously
hydrogen bonds are common in cells because.... - answer-- many of the covalent bonds
involving hydrogen are polar.
Water constitutes approximately 70% of the weight of every kind of cell.
protein homologous found in the same organisms which have different functions are the
result of... - answer-gene duplication events
introns are... - answer-- noncoding regions of mRNA molecule
Introns are the noncoding regions on DNA and Extrons are the coding regions on DNA
The processes of replication will be best described as... - answer-- a fast error prone
process that relies on repair mechanisms
retroviruses... - answer-- code for an enzyme called reverse transcriptase
- code for protein which which provide for a protective coding
- code for global genetic elements
which of the following will involve an unfavorable reaction? - answer-- pyrimidine
dimerization
which of the following constitutes a horizontal transfer of DNA? - answer-- actuation of
environmental DNA by bacteria cell
the enzymatic activity of many proteins can be altered by addition of phosphate group
by class of enzymes called... - answer-- Kinases
Protein Kinases phosphorylate ; Protein Phosphatases dephosphorylate
the hydrolysis of ATP is... - answer-- Has a NEGATIVE delta G value
FAU Theisen, CH.1: Cells and
Genome || 2026 UPDATE
proteins are able to bind to which of the following types of biological molecules -
answer-- amino acids, sugars, nucleotides, lipids, are basis for most reactions in cells.
All proteins are able to bind to one or more molecules, often other proteins and bound
substances such as ligands or substrates.
in cells the strongest chemical interaction is? - answer-- covalent bonds ; covalent
bonds are strong, stable, long-lasting.
hydrogen bonds are... - answer-polar covalent, individually weak, but many bonds
together can be strong.
ionic bonds are... - answer-strong and pliable but can easily be disrupted by polar
solvents (eg. water)
van der waals forces are... - answer-individually very weak
the majority of biological catalyst are made from... - answer-- amino acids
In the A, B, C class of protein transport pump. The conformation changes that lead to
translocation of the transporter substance are caused by... - answer-- repeated cycles of
ATP binding and hydrolysis
True regarding prokaryotic cells? - answer-- has a cell wall
- reproduce by binary fission
- do not exist as true...
- utilize double strands for hereditary material
- do NOT package their DNA so they do NOT need histones
Evolution of the nucleus in eukaryotic organisms has allowed... - answer-- Segregation
of DNA from other cellular processes
- Increase the size of the DNA molecule
When a carbohydrate is oxidized it loses both ____ and ____. - answer-- electrons and
energy ; Oxidation is the loss of electrons and energy. The atom is left with a more
POSITIVE charge.
,what is meant by high specificity between molecules? - answer-- highly complementary
physical shape
- highly complementary electro chemical properties
The histones used to package newly replicated DNA - answer-- added to DNA as it is
emerging from the replication machinery
mutations within DNA coding regions... - answer-- usually results to deleterious changes
in protein structure
DNA coding regions have important information, any mutations on these regions are
most of the time negative (bad), so it will not be beneficial.
Entropy is the measure of... - answer-- the amount of disorder in a system
a protein secondary structure is maintained by - answer-- hydrogen bonds
hydrogen bonds are the bonds between atoms
binding of a ligand to a specific enzyme binding site... - answer-- involves numerous
weak noncovalent bonds
it is not a permanent binding, so it CANNOT be covalent, it has to be a weak bond in
order for it to be able to break or go back to its original form.
Chemical analysis of DNA will reveal the following... - answer-- Concentration of Purines
equals concentration of Pyrimidines
Because its circular, replication of prokaryotic DNA does NOT require... - answer--
Telomerase function
Telomerase is used to stabilize the ends of Eukaryotic chromosomes which are linear.
Since prokaryotic DNA is not linear, it does NOT need telomerase to stabilize its ends.
Flipping out refers to... - answer-- The temporary separation of a base from its
compliment to allow close inspection.
activation energy is a property of... - answer-- all types of chemical reactions
It is NOT the energy required to push a reaction in an unfavorable direction.
Universal features of all cells... - answer-- take up matter from their surroundings
- store hereditary information
- use RNA to direct protein synthesis
- all cells use DNA
- all cells replicate their DNA
, - transcribe DNA into RNA
- regulate gene expression
- synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template
- require FREE ENERGY
hydrophobic side chains on the outside of a protein will indicate... - answer-- a mis-
folded protein
Proteins are arranged with the polar heads (hydrophilic) facing outside and the nonpolar
tails (hydrophobic) facing inside.
many protein catalyzes utilize both acids and bases by... - answer-- using properties of
both simultaneously
hydrogen bonds are common in cells because.... - answer-- many of the covalent bonds
involving hydrogen are polar.
Water constitutes approximately 70% of the weight of every kind of cell.
protein homologous found in the same organisms which have different functions are the
result of... - answer-gene duplication events
introns are... - answer-- noncoding regions of mRNA molecule
Introns are the noncoding regions on DNA and Extrons are the coding regions on DNA
The processes of replication will be best described as... - answer-- a fast error prone
process that relies on repair mechanisms
retroviruses... - answer-- code for an enzyme called reverse transcriptase
- code for protein which which provide for a protective coding
- code for global genetic elements
which of the following will involve an unfavorable reaction? - answer-- pyrimidine
dimerization
which of the following constitutes a horizontal transfer of DNA? - answer-- actuation of
environmental DNA by bacteria cell
the enzymatic activity of many proteins can be altered by addition of phosphate group
by class of enzymes called... - answer-- Kinases
Protein Kinases phosphorylate ; Protein Phosphatases dephosphorylate
the hydrolysis of ATP is... - answer-- Has a NEGATIVE delta G value
